新浪博客

考研英语日日练（2）

2017-06-30 14:52阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/6298646309

Word List 2
1. conjunction [kən'dʒʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n]
in conjunction with sb/sth ( If one thing is done in conjunction with another, the two things are done or used together. 与…一起 (做、用) )
Textbooks are designed to be used in conjunction with classroom teaching.
教科书被设计成与课堂教学配合使用。
n. a combination of different things that have come together by chance〔不同事物的〕巧合) [+ of]

a happy conjunction of events 几件事情令人高兴的巧合
Junction n. 交叉点，接合处 the junction of two rivers. 两河的交汇处
2. academic [ækə'demɪk]
Academic study/ academic achievements
(concerned with studying from books, as opposed to practical work纯理论的，学术的〔与实践相对〕)
n. My father, who has been an academic all his life, teaches at a university.
Academy [ə'kædəmɪ] n. 研究院，学会，专科学院the Royal Academy of Music 皇家音乐学院

3. perpetuate [pə'petʃʊeɪt; -tjʊ-]

(verb. to make a situation, attitude etc, especially a bad one, continue to exist for a long time)使持续，使长久〔尤指不好的事物〕

We must not perpetuate the religious divisions of the past.
我们绝不能使过去的宗教分裂继续下去。

perpetual [pə'petʃʊəl; -tjʊəl] (adj. continuing all the time without changing or stopping连续不断的，无休止的)

a little girl with a perpetual smile 总是带着微笑的小女孩

my mother’s perpetual nagging 我母亲没完没了的唠叨〔令人讨厌地〕一再重复的

permanent ['pɜːm(ə)nənt] Heavy drinking can cause permanent damage to the brain. 饮酒过量可能造成永久性脑损伤。

4. lucrative ['luːkrətɪv] （adj. a job or activity that is lucrative lets you earn a lot of money〔职业或活动〕可赚大钱的；获利多的)

lucrative business/market

profitable ['prɒfɪtəb(ə)l] (adj. To describe sth that can bring profit or benefit.)

5. enhance [ɪn'hɑːns; -hæns; en-] (verb. =improve)

enhance one’s reputation enhance one’s confidence

6. blunder ['blʌndə] (n. A blunder is a stupid or careless mistake. 愚蠢错误 )

They blundered badly when they gave him the job.(verb ) 他们犯了大错，让他做这份工作。
He had blundered into the table, upsetting the flowers. (verb. If you blunder somewhere, you move there in a clumsy and careless way. 跌跌撞撞地走) 他撞上了桌子，打翻了花.  
7. inherent [ɪn'hɪər(ə)nt]
(adj. a quality that is inherent in something is a natural part of it and cannot be separated from it内在的，固有的)
Every business has its own inherent risks. 每笔生意本身都有风险。

8. switch [swɪtʃ]

(n. a switch is a small control for an electrical device which you use to turn the device on or off. 开关)
Duval could switch easily from French to English. 杜瓦尔可以在法语和英语之间自如切换。
(verb.to change from doing or using one thing to doing or using another) 转换，转变，改变

We’ve switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday. ( verb. to replace one thing with another, or exchange things交换；调换；转换) 我们把会议从周二改到了周四。

9. credit ['kredɪt]

（n. uncountable. An arrangement with a shop, bank etc that allows you to buy something and pay for it later赊购；信贷)

The store agreed to let him have credit. 商店同意他赊购。
( n. uncountable. approval or praise that you give to someone for something they have done赞扬；赞许)
They never give Gene any credit for all the extra work he does. 吉恩做了那么多分外的事，可他们对此从来没有一句称赞。

I don’t have enough credits to graduate. 我学分不够，还不能毕业。

be credited to sb/sth (if something is credited to someone or something, they have achieved it or are the reason for it 归功于某人/某事；某人/某事是…发生的原因)
Much of Manchester United’s success can be credited to their manager. 曼联队的胜利大半应该归功于他们的主教练。

10. initial [ɪ'nɪʃəl]

(adj. happening at the beginning 开始的，最初的) the initial stages of the disease 疾病的早期阶段 The initial letter of the word Spain is S.

the first letter of someone’s first name名字的首字母

initials姓名的首字母

11. condemn [kən'dem]

(verb. to say very strongly that you do not approve of something or someone, especially because you think it is morally wrong)

She knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children. 她知道社会会因为她遗弃孩子而谴责她。

(v. to give someone a severe punishment after deciding they are guilty of a crime 给…判罪，给…判刑)

condemn sb to sth

He was found guilty and condemned to death . 他被裁定有罪，判了死刑

(verb. if a particular situation condemns someone to something, it forces them to live in an unpleasant way or to do something unpleasant 迫使〔某人〕处于不幸的境地；迫使〔某人〕做不愿做的事)

people condemned to a life of poverty 被迫过贫穷生活的人

12. explore [ɪk'splɔ:]

(verb. to discuss or think about something carefully探讨，探究)

Management need to explore ways of improving office security. 管理层需要探讨如何加强办事处的安全措施。
(verb. to travel around an area in order to find out about it探险；考察；勘查)
Venice is a wonderful city to explore. 威尼斯是一个美妙的城市，值得好好探究一番。
explore (sth) for oil/minerals/gold etc 勘探石油/矿物/黄金等

13. motivate ['məʊtɪveɪt]

(verb. to be the reason why someone does something 成为…的动机)

We may never know what motivated him to kill his wife. 我们也许永远不会知道他谋杀妻子的动机是什么。
(verb. to make someone want to achieve something and make them willing to work hard in order to do this 激发，激励，促动)
A good teacher has to be able to motivate her students. 好教师必须能够激发学生的积极性。
Grammar
谓语动词的变化：时态，语态，情态与否定
1. 时态：每个谓语动词都必须表现出来：时间+状态
状态
时间
 过去
 现在
 将来
 过去将来
一般
 一般过去时
did
 一般现在时
Do/does
 一般将来时

 一般过去将来时
进行
 过去进行时
Was/were+doing
 现在进行时
Am/is/are+doing
 将来进行时
Will be+doing
完成
 过去完成时
Had+done
 现在完成时
Have/has+done
 将来完成时
Will have+done
完成进行
 过去完成进行时
Had been+doing
 现在完成进行时
Have/has +doing
 将来完成进行时
Will have been +doing
注：一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
I have already seen the film.
When did you see it ?
2. 语态
被动语态： be+done (三个步骤：动词的分词形式，be动词的时间，和be动词单复数）
3. 情态
最简单：1.后面只接动词原形； 2. 时态只有过去和现在；3. 没有三单；4.否定只有其后+not.
表情绪和态度: could a hug a day keep the doctor away?
表推测: The effect may be unknowable.
与时态结合：情态动词+ have done ：针对之前的事情表达情态或推测
情态动词+ be doing :对正在进行的事情表达情态或推测
与语态结合：情态动词+ be done: These days should be spent looking for work.
4. 否定
Reading Comprehension
Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.
　　But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact, it probably enhances it.
　　Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.
　　If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.
31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .
　　[A] they think it academically misleading
　　[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college
　　[C] it feels strange to do differently from others
　　[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses
32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .
　　[A] keep students from being unrealistic
　　[B] lower risks in choosing careers
　　[C] ease freshmen’s financial burdens
[D] relieve freshmen of pressures
33. The word “acclimation” (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to .
　　[A] adaptation
　　[B] application
　　[C] motivation
　　[D] competition
34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them .
　　[A] avoid academic failures
　　[B] establish long-term goals
　　[C] switch to another college
　　[D] decide on the right major
35. The most suitable title for this text would be .
　　[A] In Favor of the Gap Year
　　[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year
　　[C] The Gap Year Comes Back
　　[D] The Gap Year: A Dilemma
　　

我的更多文章

下载客户端阅读体验更佳

APP专享