新概念英语第二册第79课课文及课堂笔记（一）
2006-11-18 20:11阅读：3,653
Lesson 79 By
Air?
I used to travel by air a great deal
when I was a boy. My parents used to live in South America and I
used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. A flight attendant
would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience. I
am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever
felt frightened. After taking off, we were flying low over the city
and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and
flew back to the airport.While we were waiting to land, a flight
attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as
soon as it had touched down. Everybody on board was worried and we
were curious to find out what had happened. Later we learnt that
there was a very important person on board. The police had been
told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. After we had
landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. Fortunately, n
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othing was found and five hours later we were able to take off
again.
第79课
乘坐飞机？
我在幼年的时候，曾多次乘飞机旅行。我的父母曾经住在南美洲，所以假期里我常从欧洲乘飞机到他们那里。我总是由一位空中乘务员照管，从未遇到过不愉快的经历。我习惯了乘飞机旅行，只是有一次把我吓坏了。起飞之后，我们在城市上空低低地飞行，然后慢慢爬高。这时飞机突然调转头来，飞回了机场。在我们等待降落时，一位空中乘务员告诉我们要保持镇静，待飞机一着陆，就马上不声不响地离开飞机。飞机上的人都很着急，大家都急于想知道究竟出了什么事。后来我们才得知，飞机上坐了一位非常重要的人物。有人报告警察，说飞机上安放了一枚炸弹。我们降落之后，飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。幸运的是，什么也没有找到。5个小时后，我们又起飞了。
课堂笔记（一）
1）used to do
我们用used to do 表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now...，but
not...any more/any longer 等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。
Do you watch television?
I used to, but I don' t any longer.
你看电视吗？
我过去常看，但现在不看了。
I used to smoke, but I don't any more/any
longer.我过去常吸烟，但现在已不吸了。
He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very
hard-working.他过去是个懒孩子，但现在他很勤奋。
used to 仅用于一般过去时。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do 而用used 本身：
Used he to smoke?
He usedn' t / used not to smoke.
did didn' t
他过去吸烟吗？
他从前并不吸烟。
但比较常用的形式是did和didn't：
Did he use to smoke?
He didn' t use to smoke.
他过去吸烟吗？
他从前不吸烟。
在针对used to提问时，一般也用did
I used to be a good swimmer.
Did you really? I didn' t even know you could swim.
Did you use to smoke?
Yes, I did / used to.
我过去是个游泳好手。
真的吗？我以前甚至不知道你会游泳。
你从前吸烟吗？
是的，我吸。
would 是另一个用于描述过去经常性行为的词，它与used
to有时可以互换，有时则不可以，而且
would 需要指出具体时间，used to 则不需要。
（1）当used to 暗示与现在的对照时，不可用would
替换：
I used to drink heavily, but I have given up drinking now.
我过去喝酒很厉害，但我已戒了。
I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now.
我过去早饭吃得不多，可现在我吃得很多。
（2）当used to 描写过去的状态时，也不可与would 互换，would 只表示过去特有的习惯或行为：
I used to be a waiter, but now I'm a taxi-driver.
我过去是个侍者，但现在我是出租汽车司机。
They used to own a car.
他们过去有辆车。
（3）当used to 不强调与现在的对比时，可与would 互换。但一个故事开头时不用would，必须首先用一般过去时或used
to 描述背景，然后用would 表示习惯性动作：
When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a
farm.
We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.
我小时候经常在农场度假。我们总是5 点起床，帮助挤牛奶。
What sort of things did she like doing as a girl?
She used to would climb trees whenever she could.
她小时候喜欢做些什么事？
她一有机会就爬树
be used to 表示“习惯于”，后面跟名词或动名词，be 也可用
get等代替：
I'm used to shopping alone.
我习惯于一个人购物。
I'm used to getting up early.
我习惯于早起。
I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a
baker.
我开始当面包师不久就习惯早起了。
2）表示“许多”的英语短语：
(1)修饰可数名词复数形式的有 many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large
(或great)/small number of等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)修饰不可数名词的有much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount
of等。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。
(3)既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的有 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great
quantity of等，谓语动词根据主语是可数或不可数决定单复数形式。
a number of
+可数名词，谓语用复数，意为许多，大量的……
the number of
+可数名词，谓语用单数，意为……的数目
3）． experience
（1）n．经历（可数）：
I had an amusing experience last year.
去年我有过一次有趣的经历。
He told me about his experiences as a young man.
他向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。
（2）n．经验，体验（不可数）：
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.
他们想要一位有丰富经验的人来承担这项工作。
Does she have any experience in teaching?
她有教学经验吗？
（3）vt．经验，体验：
Have you ever experienced anything like this?
你经历过像这样的事情吗？
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
自1980 年以来这个村子经历了极大的变化。
experience 的过去分词常作形容词用，表示“有经验的”、“经验丰
富的”：
John is an experienced driver.
约翰是个经验丰富的司机。
4) 1． A flight attendent would take charge of
me...我总是由一位空中乘务员照管...
would 表示过去经常发生的事，它与 used to 的区别参见第55 课语法。 take
charge(of)为固定短语，表示“接管”、“开始管理”等：
She took charge of the child after his parents died.
孩子的父母去世后，她接管了那孩子。
The new manager will take charge (of the company) from next
week.
新经理从下星期开始管理公司。
5）．...only on one occasion have I ever felt
frightened....只是有一次把我吓坏了。
这是一个倒装句。倒装句的结构为“副词+助动词(be, do, have, can,must
等)+主语+句子的其余部分”。它通常用来加强语气，是典型的正式修辞和正式文体。用倒装句的情况包括：
（1）句首为否定或近似否定的副词(never, rarely, little, on no occasion,hardly, no
sooner飔han 等)：
Never has he got so many letters.
他从未收到过这么多信。
Little does he realize how important this meeting is.
他对这个会议的重要性知之甚少。
On no occasion must you accept any money if he offers it.
他如果给你钱，你可绝不能接受。
Hardly had he begun his speech when he was interrupted.
他刚开始讲话就被人打断了。
No sooner had he returned than he bought a house and went to live
there.
他刚一回来便买下了一幢房子住了进去。
（2）句首为only 构成的词组（如 only after, only then 等）：
Only then did I realize what a mistake I have made.
只是到了那时我才意识到我犯了个什么错误。
Only after she had taken off her coat and hat could I recognize
her.
只有在她脱掉大衣和摘下帽子以后我才认出了她。
6） gain height,（飞机）增加高度，爬高。
gain 在这里为及物动词，表示“增加”：
The car gained speed when it was outside the town. 汽车驶出城区后便加
快了速度。
He has gained so much weight that he decides to go on a diet.
他体重增加得太多了，便决定节食。
gain sth.获得
gain possession获得所有权
gain sb's affections赢得某人的喜爱
gain by/from doing sth/sth从某事中获益
You can gain by watching how she works.看她怎么样工作你就可获益。
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