高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法(21-30)
2019-12-18 08:55阅读：
21. To really
develop empathy, you’d better volunteer
at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that
has a diverse membership, have a“sharing circle” with your family,
or spend time caring for pets at an animal
shelter.
要真正开发同理心，你最好在养老院或医院做志愿者，加入一个有多样化的会员的俱乐部或团队，与你的家人有一个“共享圈”，或者在动物收容所照顾宠物。
【句式分析】本句是复合句，that引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a
club or a team，volunteer, join,
have和spend是并列的谓语动词，To
really develop…在句中作目的状语。
【词语点拨】volunteer
v. 志愿
n.
志愿者
Some graduates
volunteer to work in the
countryside.一些大学生自愿到农村去。
She now helps in a local school
as a volunteer three days a week.
目前她在当地的一家学校做志愿工作，一周去3天。
【语法点拨】不定式to
do可以作目的状语（其否定形式：not to
do），相当于in order to
do和so as to do (so as to
do只能放在句中，不能位于句首)。如：
One should get enough exercise
to keep healthy.
为了维持身体健康，一个人要有足够的锻炼。
To find a better
job, a lot of people choose to go to the big
cities.
为了找份更好的工作，很多人愿意到大城市去。
22. Proudly reading my
words, I glanced around the room,
only to find my classmates bearing big smiles
on their faces and tears in their eyes.
自豪地阅读我写的内容时，我环顾整个房间，却发现我的同学笑得眼泪都要流出来了。
【句式分析】本句是简单句，包含有三个非谓语短语，reading
my words 和only to
find…分别作时间状语和结果状语，bearing…作宾补。
【词语点拨】glance
vi瞥；浏览；后面常跟at,
through, over等介词
I picked up the phone book and
glanced through it.
我拿起电话簿，匆匆扫了一遍。
He glanced at
his watch and left the
room.他匆匆看了一下手表，离开了房间。
【语法点拨】动词不定式作结果状语时，通常表示出乎意料的结果，常被just或only修饰，置于句末，用逗号和句子分开。如：
I went to the classroom,
only to find nobody
there.我去了教室，却没有见到一个人。
He rushed to the door,
only to discover that it was locked and
barred.
他冲到门边,
却发现门已被锁死了。
23. At 12 years old she
won a Guinness Record when she became the
youngest
female to win the
women’s world title for platform diving at the
WorldChampionships in Australia in
1991.
1991年，12岁的伏明霞就获得了一项吉尼斯纪录，当时她参加了在澳大利亚举行的跳台跳水世界锦标赛，成为最年轻的女子世界冠军。
【句式分析】本句是复合句，when在句中引导状语从句，to
win the women’s world title…作定语，修饰the
youngest female。
【词语点拨】championship
n.冠军称号；锦标赛
We are proud for you to win the
championship.我们为你赢得冠军而骄傲。
All the gold medals for the
championship fell to the
team.
本届锦标赛的所有金牌都被这个队夺得。
【语法点拨】动词不定式作定语，具体用法参见第18句。
24. To get
rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow
process and it is not possible to speed it up with any
measures like taking a shower or having a cup
of tea or coffee.
把酒精从体内消除是个缓慢的过程，也不可能通过任何措施如洗澡或喝杯茶或咖啡来加速其消除的过程。
【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，To
get rid of alcohol和to speed it
up在句中都作主语。
【词语点拨】1)get rid
of 摆脱；除去
How to get rid of
air pollution is still a big problem.
如何清除空气污染仍然是个大问题。
2)measure n.
尺寸；措施；手段
vt. & vi.
测量；有……长（宽、高等）
A clock measures
time.钟是用来计量时间的。
This room measures
ten metres across.这个房间宽十米。
Mr. Smith asked the tailor to
make some new clothes to his own
measure.
史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做新衣服。
We must take
measures to prevent the water from being
polluted.
我们必须采取措施防止水被污染。
【语法点拨】动词不定式作主语：具体用法参见第20句。
25. Having
identified the target group, researchers
find out as much as possible about those in the target group, such
as their likes and dislikes, and how the product would
fit into their lives.
明确了广告的目标群体后，研究人员就会尽量获取这个群体的有关信息，例如他们的好恶，以及如何使产品适应他们的生活。
【句式分析】本句是复合句，how在句中引导定语从句，Having
identified the target
group是现在分词的完成形式作状语。
【词语点拨】identify
vt.
识别，认出
Could you identify
your bike among a hundred others.
你能从100自行车中认出你的那一辆吗？
The bad weather is
identified as the possible cause of the
accident.
坏天气被认为可能导致了这个事故。
【语法点拨】having
done可以作状语，此时，它代表的动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，它的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致。如：
Not having tried
his best, he failed in the exam.
由于没有尽最大努力，他这次考试没能通过。
Having known
the situation well, they could deal with
the problem efficiently.
由于对形势的深刻了解，他们有效地处理了问题。
26. Having heard
wolves howling in the forest, Lala
accelerated her walk up the path to the caves
fearing that there might be wild beasts
lying in wait for her.
拉拉沿着回洞穴的路走着，听到狼群在森林里嚎叫，她的步伐加快了，担心会有野兽在等者伏击她。
【句式分析】本句是复合句，that引导宾语从句，Having
heard
和fearing…在句中作状语。
【词语点拨】1)accelerate
v.
加快，加速
In order to catch up with
and surpass the advanced world levels we’ll have to
accelerate our
speed.要赶超世界先进水平，我们还得快马加鞭。
Sunshine, fresh air, and rest
often accelerate a person’s recovery from
sickness.
阳光 、
新鲜空气和休息常会促使病人早日康复。
2)lie
vi.平躺；位于（lay,
lain）；撒谎（lied,
lied）；n.撒谎
The factory lies
to the west of
town.工厂在小镇的西边。
