train stopped suddenly and Laura was thrown to the floor together
with the man with the moustache. Somebody screamed. The lights went
out. It was quarter past 6 on a cold, wet December evening.
Task 2
【答案】
A.
1) a
2) b
3) d
4) c
B.
1) T
2) T
3) F
C.
wondered; television plays; exciting; every cigarette lighter; tape
recorder; held in a certain way; the touch of a gold ring against
the hand of; reveal; How wrong they were
【原文】
X was a secret agent. He had rented a furnished room in a
provincial town not far from the public park and had been there two
weeks. He was standing at the window looking out at the dull beds
of geraniums, the park gates and the cold, uninviting statue of
Queen Victoria that stood across the street from him, It was
raining hard and the few people who passed by looked wet and
miserable. X was miserable, too. How, he wondered, could anybody
think there was anything interesting about the life of a secret
agent? He knew it was because people had seen so many television
plays about glamorous spies that they thought the life of a secret
agent was exciting. They were convinced that every cigarette
lighter concealed a secret tape recorder; that a fountain pen held
in a certain way would open a locked door, that the touch of a gold
ring against the hand of an enemy would make him reveal all his
secrets. How wrong they were! He looked round his room. The
wallpaper was in the worst possible taste, the pictures horrible,
the carpet worn, dirty and faded; and he was cold. This was the
third Monday he had come to the window to look out. He prayed it
would be the last.
As if in answer to his prayer, a
certain meeting he had been sent to investigate was about to take
place. He took out his camera. Just beneath the statue two women
had stopped to speak. He knew one of them, and it was she who
pointed in his direction. The other woman looked up towards him and
in that brief moment he photographed her.
Task 3
【答案】
A.
Names
|
Ideal Careers
|
Harry
|
Sailor
|
Nora
|
Farmer(if she were a man)
|
Robert
|
Civil engineer
|
Peter
|
Racing driver or explorer
|
B.
1) a
2) b
3) c
4) b
5) d
【原文】
Harry: Well, Robert, have you made up your mind yet what you want
to do when you leave college?
Nora: Oh Harry. Surely he's a bit young to decide on his career. He
hasn't even got to college yet.
Harry: Not at all, Nora. It's wisest to decide in good time. Look
at me, for example. I really wanted to be a sailor, but now I spend
my days sitting at a desk in an office. Yes, it's silly to train
for the wrong job. And after all, Robert will be going to college
soon.
Nora: Now if I were a man I'd be a farmer. To see the crops
growing--that's my idea of a good life.
Harry: Yes, and to see the money rolling in is more
important still.
Robert: Well, that's not the way I look at it, Dad. It's the job I
care about, not the money.
Harry: Maybe not; but you'll learn to care about the money
too, when you've got a family to keep.
Nora: And of course Peter — well, he's keen to be a racing
driver, or else an explorer.
Robert: Oh, Peter's not old enough to make up his mind about such
things.
Harry: You haven't answered my question yet, Robert. What
would you like to do?
Nora: Are you sure you don't want to be a farmer, Robert?
Or a market gardener?
Robert: No, I'm sorry Mum, but I don't want to at all. I'd rather
be a civil engineer. I want to build roads and bridges.
Harry: Not ships? Isn't it better to be a shipbuilding
engineer?
Robert: Look here, is it my career we're planning, or yours?
Harry: All fight, all right, there's no need to lose your
temper. But you'd better win that scholarship first.
Task 4
【答案】
I. correspondents; columnist
A. may not need either
B. to go to places where events take place and write stories about
them
II. first; bigger; better; who will soon leave to work for
other people
III. working hours; free time; work long hours to begin
with
【原文】
Here are some of the things a young man or woman should not do when
he first asks an editor for a job:
He should not tell the
editor that he wants to be a foreign correspondent or a columnist.
Very probably the editor does not need either. He wants a reporter
who will go to such places as government offices and police
stations and write a true story of what is happening there. Being a
foreign correspondent or a columnist will come later.
A young person should not
tell tile editor that newspaper work is only the first step on the
way to bigger and better jobs, such as those in government. The
editor must take a lot of time and trouble teaching someone to be a
good newspaperman or woman. He does not like the idea of teaching
people who are soon going to leave him to work for someone
else.
A young journalist should
accept the working hours and free time the editor gives him. As a
new journalist, it is very probable that he will work longer hours
than others and work on weekends. The editor did the same when he
was a young newspaperman with no experience. He expects a
journalist to understand how things are on a newspaper.
Task 5
【答案】
A.
1) acd
2) abe
B.
1) she is the wrong sex
2) she wears the wrong
clothes
【原文】
SYLVIA: We've got a new manager in our department.
LARRY: Oh? You hoped to get that job, didn't you?
SYLVIA: Yes, I did.
LARRY: I'm sorry. That's too bad. Who is it? Who got the job, I
mean?
SYLVIA: Someone called Drexler. Carl Drexler. He's been with the
company only two years. I've been here longer. And I know more
about the job, too!
LARRY: Hmm. Why do you think they gave it to him and not to
you?
SYLVIA: Because I'm the wrong sex, of course !
LARRY: You mean you didn't get the job because you're a
woman?
SYLVIA: Yes, that was probably it! It isn't fair.
LARRY: What sort of clothes does he wear?
SYLVTA: A dark suit. White shirt. A tie. Why?
LARRY: Perhaps that had something to do with it.
SYLVIA: You mean you think I didn't get the job because I come to
work in jeans and a sweater?
LARRY: It's possible, isn't it?
SYLVIA: Do you really think I should wear different
clothes?
LARRY: Well. . . perhaps you should think about it.
SYLVTA: Why should I wear a skirt? Or a dress?
LARRY: I'm not saying you should. I'm saying you should think
about it. That's all!
SYLVIA: Why should I do that? I'm good at my job! That's the only
important thing!
LARRY: Hmm. Perhaps it should be the only important thing. But it
isn't. Not inthis company.
Task 6
【答案】
A.
|
Former Jobs
|
When Laid-off
|
Why Laid-off
|
1st man
|
Car salesman
|
Recently
|
Low sales, due to the increase of
interest rates
|
2nd man
|
Worker at a vacuum cleaner
plant
|
10 months ago
|
Plant moved to Singapore where workers
are paid much less
|
B.
1
st speaker(bcd)
2
nd
speaker(ae)
C.
1) F
2) F
【原文】
Al: Is this the right line to file a claim?
Bob: Yeah. It's the same line for everything. You just stand here
and wait.
Al: Oh. Is there always such a long line?
Bob: Every week. Sometimes longer. Is this your first time
here?
Al: Yes.
Bob: What happened? Your plant closed down?
Al: No. I'm a car salesman, or, I was a car salesman. But we
just aren't selling cars. It's the interest rates. Two years ago, I
averaged ten new cars a month. Do you know how many cars I sold
last month? One. One car to a lady who had the cash. But the
interest rates are up again. The boss let three of us go. How about
you?
Bob: I worked at a vacuum cleaner plant with about fifty workers.
We put in a good day's work. But the machinery was getting old. As
a matter of fact, the whole plant was old. So the management
decided to build a new plant. You know where? In Singapore. The
workers here made about seven dollars an hour, a couple of people
made eight or nine an hour. You know how much they're paying the
workers in Singapore? $2.50 an hour! Anyway, all fifty of us got
laid off.
Al: How long ago was that?
Bob: They closed down ten months ago.
Al: Any luck finding another job?
Bob: Nothing. I have one, sometimes two, interviews a week. Last
week I thought I had something.
They liked my experience
with machines. But I never heard from them again.
Al: At least you know something about machines. All I can do
is talk.
Bob: Maybe you'll talk yourself into another job. Good luck. I'll
see you here next week.
Al: I hope not. I hope I'll have something by then.
Task 7
【答案】
A.
1) F
2) F
3) T
4) F
5) T
6)
F
B.
1) According to the first speaker, it is frustrating because the
teacher cannot see clearly the results of his efforts.
2) According to the second speaker, English language teaching is a
good job, because it guarantees a stable income and regular working
hours and means less pressure. He also likes the way elderly
teacher are.
【原文】
Interviewer: Do you prefer what you're doing to teaching?
John Smith: Yes, one of the things I found a bit frustrating about
teaching was that it was rather,
very intangible than um, especially if you're teaching in England
and most of the students know quite a lot of English before they
arrive. They learn a lot of English outside the classroom, in pubs
or coffee shops or other places, with the families they're living
with. It's very difficult to pin down how much they learn from your
actual lesson, whereas in marketing um, again there are lots of
areas that are gray rather than black or white, but there are quite
a few other areas where one can see quite clearly the results of
one's efforts.
Interviewer: What did you do after you quit your job in
advertising?
Second Man: In fact, I became a journalist and I worked as a
freelance. I didn't have a full-time job with any newspaper. I just
had to contribute things as they came along and 1 wrote for
magazines, and I did quite a lot of broadcasting for the VOA. Well,
this was in a way the opposite of advertising because I enjoyed it
a lot but I found it very hard to earn enough money to live
on.
Interviewer: And then you decided to be a teacher?
Second Man: Well, and so I thought. Well, I must do something which
produces an income that I can be sure of. While I was working as a
journalist I had done an article for a magazine about the English
language teaching world and m fact I had come to the school where I
now teach as a journalist and interviewed a lot of the people. And
I thought it seemed a very nice place and I thought that the
classes I visited had a very, very nice feeling about them, and so
I thought, well, I'll see if they'll have me.
Interviewer: Why do you prefer teaching to
advertising?
Second Man: Well, partly because in teaching you work regular
hours. It I advertising you just had to stay at the office until
the work was finished [I see.] and it could be three o'clock in the
morning. [Oh, dean] Also you were very often made to work at
weekends. Often some job would come up that was very important and
they said it had to be finished — it had to go into the newspapers
next week.
Interviewer: So there was a lot mom pressure.
Second Man: There was a lot more pressure in advertising. Also, the
people I worked with when I was first in advertising were young
hopeful people like myself. By the end I was working with a lot of
old people who quite honestly were awful. And I kept looking at
them and saying, 'Am I going to be like that?' And I thought if I
am I'd better get out, whereas the English language teachers I saw,
who were older people I thought, well, they seemed quite nice. And
I wouldn't mind being like that myself.
Task 8
【答案】
The interview with Michale:
Does he work?
|
No.
|
Why or why not?
|
The work he used to do was not what
interested him and what he likes to do cannot earn him enough money
to support himself.
|
What are the advantages of not having
to work?
|
1) You do not have to get up it you
don’t feel like it.
2) You can spend your time on the things you want to do.
|
Why does he feel justified in not
working?
|
He believes he does things which are
enjoyable for him and useful to people and the
community.
|
The interview with Chris:
What is the value of work in the
current society?
|
Very little value other than
supporting oneself and ones family.
|
What are the two main aspects of
work?
|
1) It is a bread-winning
process.
2) The activities in it can be valuable to society.
|
What does he think of the work of a
car factory worker?
|
He thinks it harmful to both the
environment and the society, for cars add to pollution and consume
the scarce resources.
|
What does he think of the work of a
doctor?
|
He thinks it a valuable job in any
society.
|
What kind of job does he
do?
|
He is perhaps a university
teacher.
What does he think of his work?
He regarded his job a “white collar” job, which he does with his
mind and receives mental satisfaction from it.
|
【原文】
Matthew:
Michael, do you go out to work?
Michael:
Not regularly, no. I... I used to; I used
to have a job in a publishing company, but I
decided it wasn't really what I wanted to do and
that what I wanted to do wouldn't earn me much money, so I gave up
working and luckily I had a private income from my family to
support me and now I do the things I want to do. Some of them get
paid like lecturing and teaching, and others don't.
Matthew: What are the advantages of not having to go to work from
nine till five?
Michael: Ah... there' re two advantages really. One is that if you
feel tired you don't have to get up, and the other is that you can
spend your time doing things you want to do rather than being
forced to do the same thing all the time.
Matthew: But surely that's in a sense very self-indulgent and very
lucky because most of us have to go out and earn our livings. Do
you feel justified in having this privileged position?
Michael: Yes, because I think I use it well. I do things which I
think are useful to people and the community and which I enjoy
doing.
Matthew: Chris, what do you think the value of work is?
Chris: Well, I think in our present-day society, for most people,
work has very little value at all. Most of us go out to work for
about eight to nine hours of our working day. We do things which
are either totally futile and totally useless or have very little
justification whatsoever, and for most of us the only reason for
working is that we need to keep ourselves alive, to pay for
somewhere to live, to pay to feed our children.
Matthew: But surely people wouldn't know what to do if they didn't
have to go to work?
Chris: Well, again this raises the sort of two main aspects of
work. Should we think of 'work only as a sort of bread-winning
process, and this is very much the role it has in current society,
or should we take a much wider perspective on work and think of all
the possible sort of activities that human beings could be doing
during the day? I think the sort of distinction currently is
between say, someone who works in a car factory and who produces
cars which are just adding to pollution, to over-consumption of
vital resources, who is doing something which is very harmful, both
to our environment and to, probably society, to contrast his work
with someone perhaps like a doctor, who I think in any society
could be justified as doing a very valuable job and one which
incidentally is satisfying to the person who is doing it.
Matthew: What do you do? Is your job just a breadwinning process or
do you get some satisfaction out of doing it?
Chris: Well, in the job I do find that most of the satisfaction is
a mental one; it's coming to grips with the problems of my subject
and with the problems of teaching in the University. Clearly this
is the type of satisfaction that most people doing what we call in
England 'white-collar' jobs. This is quite different from the sort
of craftsman, who is either working that his hands or with his
skills on a machine, or from people perhaps who are using artistic
skills, which are of a quite different character. Certainly it's
becoming a phenomena that people who do 'white-collar jobs during
the day, who work with their minds to some extent, people who work
on computers, people who are office clerks, bank employees, these
people have fairly soul-destroying jobs which nevertheless don't
involve much physical effort, that they tend to come home and do
'do-it-yourself' activities at home. They make cupboard, paint
their houses, repair their cars, which somehow provide the sort of
physical job satisfaction that they're denied in their working
day.
Task 9
【答案】
A.
Interviewees
|
Like their jobs
(percent)
|
Dislike their jobs
(percent)
|
Like jobs in part
(percent)
|
Men
|
91
|
5
|
4
|
Women
|
84
|
12
|
4
|
Men/Women 18-24
|
70
|
20
|
6
|
Men/Women 25-29
|
88
|
9
|
3
|
Men/Women 30-39
|
92
|
8
|
0
|
White-collar workers
|
87
|
8
|
4
|
Blue-collar workers
|
91
|
5
|
3
|
B.
1) No major change. For some→“less paperwork”
Some:→less working hours
Others:→earn more money.
2) Most adults→would go on working.
Esp. young adults (18 to 24)→9 out of 10 would go on working
【原文】
Are most workers today feeling bored and dissatisfied with their
jobs? It is often claimed that they are. Yet a study conducted by
Parade magazine more than 20 years ago showed that people at that
time felt the opposite.
Parade asked questions of a
representative sampling of adult Americans from coast to coast. The
sampling included different sexes, age groups, and
occupations.
The interviewees were asked to make
a choice from one of the following three to describe their feelings
towards their work.
A. Like their jobs.
B. Dislike their jobs.
C. Like their jobs in part,
Results showed that 91 percent of
the male interviewees and 84 percent of the females chose A, while
only 5 percent men and 12 percent women interviewed chose B. The
rest said that they liked their jobs in part and they comprised a
very tow percentage.
In all the three age groups — from
18 to 24, from 25 to 29 and 30 to 39 — those who liked their
jobs made up the majority. 70 percent, 88 percent and 92 percent
respectively choose A. Those choosing B accounted for 20 percent, 9
percent and 8 percent of different age groups. And the rest, 6
percent, 3 percent and 0 percent respectively claimed that they
only liked their jobs in part.
The difference in responses among
people with different occupations is small. Among the white-collar
employees, those choosing A, B and C are 87 percent, 8 percent and
4 percent of the total. And for the blue-collar employees, 91
percent, 5 percent and 3 percent choose A, B and C
respectively.
It is interesting to note that
there are few differences in attitude between men and women,
professionals and factory workers. In each group, the largest
number reported that they liked their jobs.
Next, Parade asked, 'If there were
one thing you could change about your job, what would it be?' It
was expected that many would wish to make their jobs less boring,
but very few gave this reply. No major changes were reported. Some
wished for 'less paperwork'; many would shorten their working
hours, but others would like more hours in order to earn more
money. No serious complaints were made.
Most people have to work in order
to live. But what would happen if someone had enough money to stop
working? Parade asked, 'If you inherited a million dollars, would
you go on working — either at your present job or something you
liked better--or would you quit work?' The answers showed that most
adults would prefer to work, even if they didn't have to. This is
true especially of the younger adults aged 18-24. Of these, nine
out often said they would go on working, even if they suddenly
became millionaires.
Task 10
【答案】
A.
|
According to Mother
|
According to Cathy
|
Intelligence
|
very bright
|
reasonably intelligent
|
Interests
|
music and dancing
|
tennis and swimming, talking to
people
|
Career inclination
|
teacher or vet
|
hairdresser
|
B.
1) F
2) T
C.
1) b
2) a
D.
1. She really enjoyed meeting new people.
2. She had good qualifications in English and Maths.
3. She did not mind hard work, even if it was not always
pleasant.
4. She liked living away form home.
【原文】
Officer: Come in, please take a seat. I'm the careers officer.
You're Cathy, aren't you?
Mother: That's right. This is Catherine Hunt, and I'm her
mother.
Officer: How do you do, Mrs. Hunt? Hello, Catherine.
Cathy: Hello. Pleased to meet you.
Officer: And you'd like some advice about choosing a career?-
Mother: Yes, she would. Wouldn't you, Catherine?
Cathy: Yes, please.
Officer: Well, just let me ask a few questions to begin with. How
old are you, Catherine?
Mother: She's nineteen. Well, she's almost nineteen.
Officer: And what qualifications have you got?
Mother: Well, qualifications from school, of course. Very good
results she got. And she got certificates for ballet and for
playing the piano.
Officer: Is that what you're interested in, Catherine, dancing and
music?
Cathy: Well...
Mother: Ever since she was a little girl, she's been very keen on
music and dancing. She ought to
be a music teacher or something. She's quite willing to train for a
few more years to get the right job, aren't you, Catherine?
Cathy: Well, if it's a good idea.
Mother: There you are, you see. She's a good girl really, a bit
lazy and disorganized sometimes,
but she's very bright. I'm sure the careers officer will
have lots of jobs for you.
Officer: Well, I'm afraid it's not as easy as that. There are many
young people these days who can't
find the job they want.
Mother: I told you, Catherine. I told you, you shouldn't wear that
dress. You have to look smart to
get a job these days.
Officer: I think she looks very nice. Mrs. Hunt, will you come into
the other office for a moment
and look at some of the information we have there. I'm sure you'd
like to see how we can help young people.
Mother: Yes, I'd love to. Mind you, I think Catherine would be a
nice teacher. She could work with young children. She'd like that.
Or she could be a vet. She's always looking after sick
animals.
Officer: I'm afraid there's a lot of competition. You need very
good results to be a vet. This way, Mrs. Hunt. Just wait a minute,
Catherine.
(
The mother exits.)
Officer: There are just one or two more things, Catherine.
Cathy: Do call me Cathy.
Officer: OK, Cathy. Are you really interested in being a vet?
Cathy: Not really. Anyway, I'm not bright enough. I'm reasonably
intelligent, but I'm not brilliant. I'm afraid my mother is a bit
over-optimistic.
Officer: Yes, I guessed that. She's a bit overpowering, isn't she,
your mum?
Cathy: A bit. But she's very kind.
Officer: I'm sure she is. So, you're interested in ballet and
music, are you?
Cathy: Not really. My mother sent me to lessons when I was six, so
I'm quite good, I suppose. But I don't think I want to do that for
the rest of my life, especially music. It's so lonely.
Officer: What do you enjoy doing?
Cathy: Well, I like playing tennis, and swimming. Oh, I went to
France with the school choir last year. I really enjoyed that. And
I like talking to people. But I suppose you mean real interests —
things that would help me to get a job?
Officer: No. I'm more interested in what you really want to do. You
like talking to people, do you?
Cathy: Oh yes, I really enjoy meeting new people.
Officer: Do you think you would enjoy teaching?
Cathy: No, no, I don't really. I was never very interested in
school work, and I'd like to do something different. Anyway,
there's a teacher training college very near us. It would be just
like going to school again.
Officer: So you don't want to go on training?
Cathy: Oh, I wouldn't mind at all, not for something useful. I
wondered about being a hairdresser — you meet lots of people, and
you learn to do something properly—but I don't know. It doesn't
seem very worthwhile.
Officer: What about nursing?
Cathy: Nursing? In a hospital? Oh, I couldn't do that, I'm not good
enough.
Officer: Yes, you are. You've got good qualifications in English
and Maths. But it is very hard work.
Cathy: Oh, I don't mind that.
Officer: And it's not very pleasant sometimes.
Cathy: That doesn't worry me either. Mum's right. I do look after
sick animals. I looked after our dog when it was run over by a car.
My mother was sick, but I didn't mind. I was too worried about the
dog. Do you really think I could be a nurse?
Officer: I think you could be a very good nurse. You'd have to
leave home, of course.
Cathy: I rather think I should enjoy that.
Officer: Well, don't decide all at once. Here's some information
about one or two other things which might suit you. Have a look
through it before you make up your mind.
Task 11
【原文】
I began my career during college, reporting on news stories at a
Toronto radio station. The station’s program manager was also a
professor who taught one of my classes. I convinced him that she
needed a youth reporter because that year was International Youth
Year. After graduation, I took a job as a television news reporter
and later, news anchor. But sports reporting was something
different, so I decided to try it. Figure skating was my first
assignment.
I had two months until my new job began. It was like waiting an
entire summer for school to start. I spent those two months talking
to figure skating coaches and judges. I read boring rule books. I
drove to the rinks where the skaters trained, and made notes about
our conversations. I even took a lesson, which made some of the
skaters laugh.
