【写作】语法与写作：Sentence Types
2014-10-18 17:30阅读：
Sentence Types
There are only four sentence types, and they are categorized
according to what type and how many independent and dependent
clauses you will find in each.
Ÿ
Simple Sentences
Ÿ
Compound Sentences
Ÿ
Complex Sentences
Ÿ
Compound-Complex Sentences
Simple Sentences
Simple Sentences contain only one independent
clause.
e.g. The balloons floated away.
e.g. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness
and inability to inspire.
Compound Sentences
When you join two (or more) independent clauses,
you will create a compound sentence.
组合方式1：小句1+逗号+
并列连词+小句2
The most common way to construct a compound sentence is by
using coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS).
e.g. We could go to the beach, or
we could go up to the mountains.
e.g. The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on
since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn’t
until my third year in high school that the possibility took
hold.
Coordinating
Conjunction
|
Relationship
|
F
|
for
|
reason
|
A
|
and
|
addition
|
N
|
nor
|
not another
option
|
B
|
but
|
contrast
|
O
|
or
|
another option
|
Y
|
yet
|
contrasting
addition
|
S
|
so
|
result
|
组合方式2：小句1+分号+
小句2
e.g. The old car finally stopped; we were
all relieved.
组合方式3：小句1+分号+
副词连词, + 小句2
The old car finally stopped; therefore,
we were all relieved.
Addition
|
Emphasis
|
Comparison
or Contrast
|
Cause or
Effect
|
Time
|
in addition
furthermore
moreover
further
|
in fact
indeed
|
however
nevertheless
nonetheless
otherwise
in contrast
in comparison
|
as a result
consequently
hence
therefore
thus
|
finally
meanwhile
next
|
Complex Sentences
When you compose a sentence by joining at least one dependent
clause and an independent clause, you create a complex sentence.
Learning to write complex sentences is the best way to improve your
writing style.
e.g. When our class was assigned to Mr.
Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year
in that most tedious of subjects.
Cause or
Effect
|
Concession
|
Condition
|
Comparison
or Contrast
|
Purpose
|
Space or
Time
|
as
because
since
|
though
although
even though
even if
|
if
since
unless
when
whenever
|
while
as
rather than
|
in order that
so that
|
before
since
once
after
while
when
until
|
Compound-Complex Sentences
A compound-complex sentence consists of more than one
independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Compound: We could go to the beach, or we could go up
to the mountains.
Compound-Complex: We could go to the beach,
or we could go up to the mountains
since it might rain on the coast.
