必修五 U3 过去分词做状语
2017-09-15 17:36阅读：
必修五 U3
过去分词做状语
Hit by a lack of fresh air, my
head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛（P18
L20）
过去分词hit在句中作状语，表示与主句中动作伴随发生的状况
Worried about the journey, I was
unsettled for the first few
days.
我很担心这次旅行,
所以头几天心里总是不踏实。
worried about the journey
为过去分词作状语, 在此处作原因状语。
（1）
过去分词做状语时与主语的关系
过去分词做状语时，若其逻辑主语是句子的主语，则与句中主语含有逻辑上的被动关系。
（2）
过去分词的句法功能
过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随，有时在其前还可以带上连词，以示明确。
1．
作时间状语。
Once discovered, the enemies were
completely wiped out.
2．
作原因状语
Moved by his words, I accepted his
present.
3．
作条件状语
United we stand, divided we
fail.
4．
作让步状语
Although tired, they continued to
work.
5．
作方式或伴随状语
The teacher stood there, surrounded
by many students.
注意：
1)
作状语的过去分词通常与句子的主语存在着被动关系，她所表示的动作通常和谓语动词属于同一时间范畴，也可表示先于谓语动词发生的动作。有时为了强调先发生的动作，也可用having
been done.
e.g. Having been told many times, he
can’t still remember it.
（3）
过去分词作状语的位置
过去分词作状语时，多放在句首，也可放在后面或者插在中间，一般要用逗号同其他部分隔开。
例：
1)
Dealt with in a proper way, waste can
be turned into useful
things.如果处理得当，废品也可转化成有用的东西。
2)
United，we stand; divided,
we fall. (=If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we
fall) 合则立，分必夸。
3)
The table set, they began to
dine.摆放好桌子，他们开始吃饭了。
4)
He stood there silently, moved to
years. 他沉默地站在那儿，感动地流下了眼泪。
（4）过去分词的逻辑主语要跟主句的主语一致,否则不能用过去分词作状语,应用状语从句。
（误）Checked carefully, some spelling
mistakes can be avoided.
（正）If the composition is checked
carefully, some spelling mistakes can be
avoided.
过去分词作定语或状语时，该分词及修饰成分相当一句定语或状语从句，变为定语从句或状语从句中，该从句应该具备两个特征：
1）从句的主语和主句中的先行词一致；
2）谓语动词为被动语态形式。
过去分词短语作状语详解
Ex.1. Combine these
two sentences using the past participate as the
adverbial.
1. I was frightened by the loud
noise. I went to see what was happening.
Frightenedby the
loud noise, I went to see what was
happening.
2. He was hit by the lack of fresh
air. He got a bad headache.
Hit by the lack
of fresh air, he got a bad headache.
3.I felt very tired after the long
journey. I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space
station.
Tired after the
long journey, I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space
station.
4. The museum was built in 1910. The
museum is almost 100 years old.
Built in 1910,
the museum is almost 100 years old.
5. The little girl was frightened by
the noise outside. The little girl dared not sleep in her
bedroom.
Frightenedby the
noise outside, the little girl dared not sleep in her
bedroom.
6. The student was given some advice
by the famous scientist. The student was not worried about his
scientific experiment any more.
Given some advice
by the famous scientist, the student was not worried about his
scientific experiment any more.
Ex.2. Combine these
two sentences using the past participate as the
attribute.
1. Soon we lost sight of that famous
astronomer. He is called Li Qiang.
Soon we lost sight of that famous
astronomer called Li Qiang.
2. I am going to buy a painting. It
is copied from Vincent van Gogh.
I am going to buy a painting
copied from Vincent van Gogh.
3. The castle is under repair.
It was built in 1432
The castle built in 1432 is
under repair.
4. I like that old private house. It
is built of wood and mud.
I like that old private house
built of wood and mud.
5. The vehicle is mentioned in the
book. The vehicle is unknown to me.
The vehicle mentioned in the
book is unknown to me.
6. The room is completely empty. The
room is connected to the rest of the house by a long
passage.
The room connected to the rest
of the house by a long passage is completely
empty.
7. The queen was sitting in a royal
carriage. The carriage was drawn b four
horses.
The queen was sitting in a royal
carriage drawn by four horses.
二、过去分词作状语的用法
过去分词或过去分词短语常用于以下几种状语：
分类
|
说明
|
举例
|
时间状语
|
可用于时间状语从句，也可在过去分词前加上连
词“when，while，until”
等，使其时间意义更明确
|
1）Seen
from the hill，the park looks very
beautiful.
=When it is seen from the
hill，the pa |
