怎样去判断To是介词还是动词不定式？
2016-03-19 11:12阅读：
To作介词与作动词不定式的区别
虽然介词to与动词不定式符号to在形式上相同，但用法不同。为了使同学们更好地掌握介词to与动词不定式符号to的用法，现将其主要区别归纳如下：
一、 介词to
首先，介词to是有意义的，经常表示“向”、“往”、“直到……为止”、“给”、“对于”、“按”、“比”，既可以指时间、方向、距离、对象或结果，又可以指程度、直接或间接关系，后面必须接名词、代词或数词，构成介词短语，它的短语不能在句子中作相当名词的成分。第二，它们的形式不同，介词是在名词或动词之后。第三，在所作的成分上，介词题通常作表语、宾语补足语、状语或后置定语。例如：
1. As far as I know, Mrs
Lee
has been to New
York.据我所知，李女士到过纽约。（作表语）
2. The shed is to the side of
the house .小棚屋在房子的一边。（作表语） 3.
It's no good leaving things to the last moment.
把事情留到最后时刻来做是没有好处的。（作宾语补足语）
4. Let's drink to her birthday. 让我们为她的生日干杯。（作目的状语） 5. He was taken
to hospital for treatm
ent他被送到医院治疗。（作地点状语） 6. Land to the east of the Urals is called
Asia.乌拉尔山以东的陆地称为亚洲。（作后置定语）
二、 动词不定式to
首先，动词不定式符号to无词义。第二，它的形式是后面必须接动词原形，构成不定式短语，第三，在所作的成分上不定式to
do通常作主语、表语、状语、宾语、宾语补足语或后置定语。例如：
1. To see is to
believe.眼见为实。（to see作主语）
2. My aim is to speak English fluently.我的目标是讲好英语。 （作表语） 3. It is
never too late to learn.学习从来不迟。（作结果状语）
4. She went home to look after her little sister. 她回家为了照顾她的小妹妹。
（作目的状语）
5. I decided to go home. 我希望回家。（作宾语）
6. I asked him to clean the classroom. 我叫他打扫教室。 （作宾语补足语） 7. He has
many things to do.他有好多事要做。（作后置定语）
三、to常作介词的一些短语
pay attention to, stick to, lead to, be used to,
devote...to, get down to, belong to,
come to, look forward to, refer to, turn to, drink to, object to,
to doing 的用法很少 我这边归纳了一份
一、动词 介词to 动名词
1.
admit
to
doing
sth
承认做了某事
2.
apply
to
doing
sth
适用于做某事
3.
object
to
doing
sth
反对做某事
4.
see
to
doing
sth
负责做某事
5.
stick
to
doing
sth
坚持做某事
6.
take
to
doing
sth
喜欢上做某事,逐渐习惯做某事
应用实例：
He
admitted
having
stolen
the
money.
他承认偷了钱.
These
methods
apply
to
learning
English.
这些方法适用于英语学习.
He
objected
to
being
treated
like
a
child.
他反对被当作小孩子看待.
Reporters
should
stick
to
investigating
the
facts.
记者应坚持调查事实.
Soon
he
took
to
sleeping
late.
不久他就养成了睡懒觉的习惯.
二、动词 宾语 介词to 动名词
7.
apply
oneself
to
doing
sth
专心致力于做某事
8.
devote
sth
to
doing
sth
把……献给做某事
9.
devote
oneself
to
doing
sth
献身于做某事
10.
limit
sth
to
doing
sth
把…限制在做某事的范围内
11.
reduce
sb
to
doing
sth
使某人沦为做某事
12.
give
one’s
life
to
doing
sth
献身于做某事
13.
give
one’s
mind
to
doing
sth
专心做某事
14.
have
a
dislike
to
doing
sth
厌恶做某事
15.
have
an
eye
to
doing
sth
注意做某事
16.
have
an
objection
to
doing
sth
反对(反感)做某事
17.
pay
attention
to
doing
sth
注意做某事
18.
set
one’s
mind
to
doing
sth
决心做某事
19.make
a
contribution
to
doing
sth
为某事作出贡献
应用实例：
She
applied
herself
to
learning
English.
她专心学习英语.
Hunger
reduced
them
to
stealing.
饥饿使他们沦落为盗贼.
She
devoted
herself
to
helping
the
poor.
她致力于帮助穷人.
I
have
a
strong
dislike
to
playing
cards
for
money.
我极讨厌打牌赌博.
He
has
a
strong
objection
to
getting
up
so
early.他很反感这么早就起床.
You
should
pay
more
attention
to
uniting
and
working
with
those
who
differ
with
you.
你应该更注意团结那些自己意见不同的人一道工作.
三、be 形容词（含过去分词） 介词to 动名词
20.
be
equal
to
doing
sth
等于做某事,能胜任做某事
21.
be
used
to
doing
sth
习惯于做某事
22.
be
opposed
to
doing
sth
反对做某事
23.
be
reduced
to
doing
sth使某人沦为做某事
24.
be
devoted
to
doing
sth
把时间(钱,精力等)献给做某事
25.
be
limited
to
doing
sth把……限制在做某事的范围内
应用实例：
This
is
equal
to
saying
that
he’s
a
cheat.
这就等于说他是个骗子.
She
is
used
to
living
in
the
country.
她习惯于住在乡下.
I’m
opposed
to
telling
him
the
news
at
once.
我反对马上告诉他这消息.
This
dictionary
is
devoted
to
explaining
word
usage.
这本词典是解释词的用法的.
四、其他结构 介词to 动名词
26.
get
down
to
doing
sth开始做某事,认真处理某事
27.
look
forward
to
doing
sth
盼望做某事
28.
What
do
you
say
to
doing
sth?
你认为做某事如何?
应用实例：
We
are
looking
forward
to
receiving
his
letter.
我们盼望收到他的回信.
It’s
time
we
got
down
to
some
serious
work.
我们该认真干点正事了.
What
do
you
say
to
having
a
glass
of
beer?
喝杯啤酒如何?
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