英语十六种修辞手法解读
2019-07-05 11:58阅读:
英语十六种修辞手法解读
文章语句有了修辞,就像给素描加上了丰富的色彩,变得曼妙动人,所以,写作造句中我们要善于使用修辞手法。英语有16种比较常用的修辞手法,今天和大家讲一下其中的8种修辞手法,以及解释和例句,它们分别是:
Simile明喻
Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻
Metonymy转喻
Synecdoche 提喻
Synesthesia通感
Personification拟人
Hyperbole 夸张
Parallelism 排比,
平行
Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法
Allegory 讽喻,比方
Irony 反语
Pun 双关
Rhetorical question 修辞疑问
Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶
Paradox
pan >似是而非
Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法
Climax 渐进法,层进法
Anticlimax 渐降法。
1.Simile明喻
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as
though, similar to, such as等。
例如:
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to
hear him crow.
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just
walked out of a fairy tale.
2.Metaphor隐喻,暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.
例如:
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad
supper.
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some
few to be chewed and digested.
3.Metonymy转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.
I. 以容器代替内容,例如:
1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.
2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.
II. 以工具代替事物的名称,例如:
Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.
III. 以作者代替作品,例如:
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
VI. 以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.
我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。
3.Synecdoche提喻
提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.
例如:
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his
factory.(部分代整体)
他的厂里约有100名工人.
Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳.
2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)
他是本世纪的牛顿.
3>.The fox goes very well with your
cap.(整体代部分)
这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。
5.Synaesthesia通感
这种修辞法是以视.听、触、嗅、味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来,借联想引起感觉转移,“以感觉写感觉”。
通感技巧的运用,能突破语言的局限,丰富表情达意的审美情趣,起到增强文采的艺术效果.比如:欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“
微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”.
例如:
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily
like voice.(用视觉形容听觉,鸟落在树上,由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.
2>.Taste the music of Mozart.
(用嗅觉形容听觉)
品尝Mozart的音乐。
6.Personification拟人
拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.
例如:
1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered
heads.
(把夜拟人化)
2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in
the woods.
(把鸟拟人化)
7.Hyperbole夸张
夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..
例如:
1>.I beg a thousand pardons.
2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon
and the stars.
3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured
out.
8.Parallelism 排比, 平行
这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.
例如:
1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one
can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly
happy till all are happy.
2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered
for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to
answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be
answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to
answer for them separately.
………
……