上外邵毅老师基础翻译讲座——论香港施政报告英文版
2015-04-30 21:24阅读：
地道的原源
-----论香港施政报告英文版
（注：正文部分根据上海外国语大学邵毅教授在第六届全国应用翻译研讨会上主题发言演讲整理，仅供学习交流使用）
引子：语言服务最基础性的活动还是翻译。有人规范翻译市场，有人引领CAT和机器翻译技术潮流，有人拓展语言服务领域，有人构架服务项目模型，还有人做翻译培训，但除了高校，怕少有人能不秉承功利主义而踏踏实实地研究翻译了。虽然北大、北语、上外和广外MTI很讲求翻译和市场对接，但他们还有一大批前辈在认认真真地研究翻译。邵毅教授就是其中一位，还有厦大的连淑能老前辈等等等等。
希望我们不要迷失在语言服务行业发展的大潮中，给心里腾出一块地给翻译。毕竟，翻译能力还是搞翻译人安身立命的根本。
音频链接：
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mgiQk5M
密码：g39i
一，
句子层面的翻译方法与技巧
（一） 调整译文主语
1，
香港的发展已经走上正确的轨道,
随着去年施政报告提出的十大基建的落实，就业机会及经济效益会增加，成为香港经济发展的动力。
HongKong is on the right track with its
development. The implementation of the ten major
infrastructure projects announced in the Last Policy Address will
increase employment opportunities and economic benefits which will
give fresh impetus to our economic growth.
（二）句式整合与切分
1，句式整合
(1)人口急剧老龄化，市民对医疗服务与日俱增。
Our rapidly aging population has increased
demand for health care services.
(2)如果供应量不能及时调节，就会出现市场波动和其他后果。
Failure to make timely
adjustment in supply will trigger market fluctuations and
other social consequences.
2, 句式切分
（1）
知识经济讲求“品牌”….,
这些软实力加起来就是香港的无形资产，使我们无惧竞争。
Such “soft powers” are Hongkong’s
intangible assets and are vital for a knowledge-based economy.
With these, we fear no competition.
3, 句式既整合又切分
（1）
香港企业已把握内地市场带来的庞大机遇。同时，他们也面临前所未有的挑战，尤其是在珠三角洲从事制造业务的港资企业。
Many Hongkong enterprises have capitalized on the enormous
opportunities in the mainland market but
they are also facing unprecedented challenges.
This is particularly the case for Honkong enterprises
with manufacturing operations in PRD.
（三）调整译文语序
（1）
回归十年来，我们曾走过崎岖不平的路，遇过困难，也挨过苦，到重新站起来的时候我们已经跟以前不一样了，我们对未来更坚定，目标更明确，信心更充沛。
In the ten years since reunification, we have experienced
various ups and downs. And when we found our footing, we were no
longer the same: we now have a stronger faith in the
future, are more confident and know where
we are going.
（四）转换表达方式
1，转化为反面表达
减少优秀雇员流失：retain
quality staff
2, 转换短语词性
良好的行政与立法关系可以令政府施政更加顺畅，政策更有效推行，社会更加和谐。
A good relationship between the Executive Authorities and
legislature is conducive to smooth governance,
high efficiency in policy implementation and a
harmonious society.
3, 转换语态
复原期亦会较长和艰巨，我们决不能轻视。
The recovery will take longer,
be more difficult and certainly cannot be taken
lightly.
二，准确翻译，地道中文表达方法和中文特定结构表达法
（一）准确翻译地道中文表达法
（1）
香港人经得起风浪，多年来都是在困难中自强不息，奋勇前进，创造奇迹。
Hongkong people are known for our resilience in the
face of adversity. All those years, we have worked
miracles in times of difficulty, making continuous
improvements and progress.
(2)A,
自九七年亚洲金融风暴以来，香港经历种种折腾…
Since the financial crisis in 1997, challenges have
come one after another…
B,
(其后经济复苏，我们经历了数年的不景气，通胀又在出现…),
我深深感受到了十多年来市民所受到的折腾。
I deeply shared the frustrations endured by our
people over the past decade.
(3)今天，
笼屋，板间房和*房等蜗居成为数以万计的香港居民无奈的选择。
Cramped living space in cage homes, cubicle apartments and
sub-divided flats has become the reluctant choice for
tens of thousands of Hongkong people.
(4)（有意见认为小班教学是提高教与学质量的其中一种方法），
故不宜“一刀切”规定所有学校减少每班人数。
As such, a one-size-fits-all approach requiring
all schools reduce the class size should be
avoided.
(5) 我们没有分化的本钱
We cannot be afford to be divided.
(二)
准确简洁的翻译出中文特定结构表达法
1，”….度“结构：
幅度，速度，深度，广度等
2，“….化“结构：常规化，制度化，普及化，多元化等
(1)
我们会将计划常规化，….
We plan to make it a regular
service,…
（2）
鉴于成效良好，我们会将服务常规化。
Given its success, we will make the scheme
permanent.
（3）
政府在本年度开始讲”自在人生自学计划“普及化。
The government will turn the Capacity Mileage Building
Program into a recurrent project this year
onwards(不知道是不是project)
(4)
体育的普及化，精英化，盛世化是政府发展体育的策略。
On
sports development, the government’s strategy is to promote
sports in community, to support elite sports and to
develop HongKong into a prime destination for hosting major
international sports events.
(5)
发展教育行业不但为香港迈向多元化，国际化和专业化发展奠下坚实的基础，….
Developing our education services will bolster the
pluralistic, international and professional outlook of
Hongkong.
(6)
为推动香港经济多元化发展，我们会继续发展六项优势产业。
To diversify our economy, we will develop six
industries where we enjoy clear advantages.
多元化也可以对应英文名词短语，如：
（7）我们认为政治人才来源于多元化，有政党人士，学者，商界及专业人士，也有来自公务员系统的精英。
We believe in creating a diverse pool of
political talents consisting of political party members, academics,
business, professionals and elite civil servants.
3，“….性“结构：争议性，开创性，可行性等
三，英文动词的地道选用
（一）中文短语对应英文单个动词
（1）
众所周知，香港法治健全，资金自由出入，信息流通，金融业人才荟萃，经济充满活力，这些都是香港发展为国际金融中心的基本条件。
Hongkong boats a sound legal system, free flow of
capital and information, a large pool of financial talent and a
vibrant economy. All these underpin our status as a
global financial centre.
(2)
整体而言，要解决贫富差距问题，不能靠政府的短期优惠，这只是非常时期的舒困措施。
Short-term benefits offered by the government cannot
bridge the wealth gap. They are only relief measures
for exceptional times.
(3)
香港的金融市场自从去年九月就饱受环球金融海啸冲击。
Hongkong’s financial market has been buffeted by
global financial tsunami since September last year.
(4)
住房供应短缺一日不解决，我们就不得不限制外来需求和压抑炒卖需求。
As long as
