新浪博客

where用法详解——7(练习3,4,5）

2018-01-04 15:07阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/5535975306

练习三
where考点
一、引导定语从句
where引导定语从句时是作关系副词，在从句里代替先行词充当地点状语的成分，相当于介词（in / at / on / ...）+which。
1. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to the only planet ___ life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
 此题选B。本题考查定语从句，where在定语从句中作状语，修饰先行词 the only planet。
2. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ___ she w
ould stay for an hour.
A. where B. who C. which D. what
此题选A。本题考查定语从句，where在定语从句中作状语，修饰先行词the training centre。
 另外，应注意where引导的两种形式相对特殊的定语从句：
 （一）先行词为表“模糊化地点”的名词
 在近年来高考英语对于where的考查中，先行词不仅仅是限于明显的表示具体地点的名词，也有表模糊化地点或表抽象化地点的名词，在这一类先行词后也可由where引导定语从句，在定语从句中作状语。这类模糊化的或表抽象的地点名词有：point, position, situation, condition, state，atmosphere, case, scene, business, stage等。例如：
3. I have reached a point in my life ___ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
 此题选B。本题考查定语从句，where在定语从句中作状语，修饰先行词a point。整个句子可分解为：I have reached a point in my life；At the point I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
此题选D。本题考查定语从句，where在定语从句中作状语，修饰先行词a situation。整个句子可分解为：It’s helpful to put children in a situation; In this situation they can see themselves differently.
 5. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ___ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
A. where B. when C. who D. which
 此题选A。本题考查定语从句，where在定语从句中作状语，修饰先行词cases。整个句子可分解为：Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers; In these cases consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
 （二） 由“介词+where”引导定语从句
 在定语从句中，where还可以作介词的宾语，即由“介词+where”引导定语从句。外研版选修六中有一个例句：
The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel, from where the boats attempted their landings.
划线部分相当于...,and from on the cliff...或and from on which...，on which代替on the cliff，在从句中作介宾。
6. She stood near the window, _______ she could see what happened.
A. from where B. where C. from which D. that
此题选A。from where 引导定语从句，where代替near the window。
 二、引导地点状语从句
where引导地点状语从句时是作从属连词，意为“在……的地方”或“到……的地方”。
7. Today, we will begin ___ we stopped yesterday, so that no point will be left out.
A. when B. where C. how D. what
 此题选B。本句为where引导的地点状语从句。句意为：今天我们将从我们昨天停下的地方开始，这样就不会落下任何要点。
 【注意】
 指具体地点时，地点状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，地点状语从句须放在主句之前。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Wherever there I smoke, there is a fire. 无风不起浪。
另外要特别注意区分where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句：
8. — Mom, what did your doctor say? — He advised me to live _______ the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where
 此题选D。此题很多学生错选了选项B或C，这是由于学生没有搞清where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句之间的区别。where引导的地点状语从句前面没有先行词，而where引导的定语从句必须有先行词，相当于介词+which。在本题的备选项中，选项C如果改为at the place where / in which 也可作为正确答案。
 三、引导名词性从句
where引导名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)时是作连接副词。
9. — Have you finished the book？
— No. I’ve read up to ___ the children discover the secret cave.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
 此题选D。考查where引导的宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。宾语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，故排除选项A、B、C。句意为：— 你读完那本书了吗? — 没有，我已经读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的那个地方了。
10. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ___ the best jobs are.
此题选A。考查where引导的表语从句，where在从句中做表语。
 四、使用where的注意事项
 （一） 正确分析句子的结构，注意where与其他句式的结合
 近年来高考英语为了增加试题的难度，在设计题干时往往会采用一些复杂的句式，而不是单单只考查一个简单的句式。
11. The place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which, where B. at which, which C. at which, where D. which, in which
 此题选C。本题主句为：The place should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. 第一个空填at which 引导修饰the place的定语从句：at which the bridge is supposed to be built；第二个空填 where，引导表语从句。
12. — Where did you get to know her?
— It was on the farm ___ we worked.
A. that B. there C. which D. where
 此题选D。关系副词where在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词the farm。而很多学生易误选A，错把其当成强调句，实际上本句是省略从句的强调句。根据上下文补充完整应该为：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her. 而且本句中的where可以换为on which。
13. Could it be in the room ___ we had a talk last night ___ you left your keys?
A. that, where B. in which, where C. where, that D. where, where
 此题选C。第一个空填 where，引导定语从句，说明是在哪个房间；第二个空填that，构成强调结构的疑问形式：Could it be in the room that you left your keys?
 （二）正确分析句子所缺的成分
14. — Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
— Yes，there’s one point ___ we must insist on．
A．why B． where C． how D． /
15. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___ she needed to decide what to do. （2007 江西卷，32）
A. that B. what C. which D. where
14题应选D，先行词one point在定语从句中做动词短语insist on 的宾语，因此可用关系代词that 或省略不填；15题应选D，整个句子可分解为：After graduation she reached a point in her career; At the point she needed to decide what to do. 本句中缺少一个状语，所以选用关系副词where来引导，相当于at which。
16. — I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
— That’s ___ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
 此题选A。本题考查表语从句，agree为不及物动词，不能直接加宾语，故排除what，而how表示方式，when表示时间，均不符合语境。where在此处表示抽象的地点，故选A。

练习四
　　where引导定语从句时相当于“介词 + which”，表示“……的地方”。这时，where在从句中作地点状语，前面有表示地点的先行词，引导的从句修饰先行词。
　　例1 The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training center with her sister _______ she would stay for an hour.
 　　A. where B. who C. which D. what
　　例1的句意为“这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课，她将在那里待一个小时”。where相当于at which，在从句中作地点状语，故选A。
　　where在引导定语从句时，要注意以下两点：
　　（1） 先行词必须是表示地点的名词，且where在从句中必须作状语。“只要先行词是表示地点的名词，就要用where来引导定语从句”的认识是片面的。
　　例2 The science museum,_______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
 　　A. which B. what C. that D. where
　　例2的句意为“最近一次去英国旅游时，我们参观了科学博物馆，它是伦敦的旅游景点之一”。中间的分句是一个非限制性定语从句，填入的引导词在从句中作visited的宾语，而非地点状语，所以应该选which而不是where。
　　（2） 当where引导定语从句时，表示地点的先行词并不一定是实际的地方，也可以是point, situation, race和job等词，这时where分别表示“达到……程度”“在……情况下”“在比赛中”“在工作中”等。
　　例3 I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. （2009年浙江卷第14题）
　　A. which B. where C. whether D. why
　　例3的句意为“我已经到了应该自己做决定的那个人生阶段”。where修饰先行词point，在从句中作地点状语，故选B。
　　二、where在状语从句中的用法
　　where引导状语从句时相当于“in / at / to / from the place where”，表示“在……的地方”。这时，where前面没有先行词，它引导的从句是主句的地点状语。
　　例4 Today, we will begin _______ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. （2010年重庆卷第32题）
　　A. when B. where C. how D. what
　　例4的句意为“今天，我们将从昨天停下的地方开始讲解，这样就不会漏掉要点”。这是一个状语从句，where 引导的从句修饰主句的谓语begin。也可转换为where 引导的定语从句来表示： we will begin from the place where we stopped yesterday。
　　三、where在名词性从句中的用法
　　where引导名词性从句时，在从句中作地点状语，相当于“the place where”。与引导定语从句时不同的是，此时句中不需要先行词。
　　例5 ―I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
　　―That’s _______ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. （
　　A. where B. how C. when D. what
　　例5中，回答者的意思是“那就是我不同意的地方，你应该过一种更加积极的生活”，根据句意，应该选用表示地点的引导词。how和when表示方式和时间，可以排除；虽然what可作宾语，但agree是不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，所以也可以排除，因此选where。
　　
练习五
翻译下列句子。
1.有志者事竟成。(Where引导状语从句)
2.那是我父亲工作的大楼。(Where引导定语从句)
3.司机问我想上哪儿去。(where 引导宾语从句)
4.书在你原来放的地方。(where 引导表语从句)
5.她回到她妈妈坐的地方。((where 引导介词 to 的宾语从句))
6.请呆在原处。(Where引导状语从句)
Keys:
1.Where there is a will, there is a way.
2.That is the building where my father worked.
3.The driver asked me where I wanted to go.
4.The book is where you left it.
5.She came back to where her mother was sitting.
6.Please stay where you are.

我的更多文章

下载客户端阅读体验更佳

APP专享