plent of,much,many,a lot of和lots of 到底怎么用...
2017-12-11 15:55阅读：
1. some和any的用法：
两者修饰可数单数名词，表某一个；任何一个； 修饰可数复数名词和不可数名词，表一些；有些。
一般的用法：some用于肯定句；any用于疑问句，否定句或条件句。
I am looking for some
matches.
Do you have any matches? I
do not have any matches.
特殊的用法：
(A) 在期望对方肯定的回答时，问句也用some。
Will you lend me some
money? (=Please lend me some
money.)
(B) any表任何或任何一个时，也可用于肯定句。
Come any day you like.
some和any后没有名词时，当做代名词， 此外两者也可做副词。
Some of them are my
students.〔代名词）
Is your mother
any better?（副词）
2. many和much的用法：
many修饰复数可数名词，表许多； much修饰不可数名词，表量或程度。
He has many friends, but
few true ones.
There hasn't been much good
weather recently.
many a:
many a和many同义，但语气比较强，并且要与单数名词及单数形动词连用。
Many a prisoner has been
set free. (=Many prisoners have
been set free.)
as many和so many均等于the same number
of。 前有as, like时, 只用so many。
These are not all the
books I have. These are
as many more upstairs.
They worked like so many
ants.
as much等于the same amount of,
表同量和同一事情。
He bought two pounds of
sugar and as much tea.
〔同量）
I was not in the least
surprised, for I had fully
expected as much. 〔同一事情）
many和much之后不接名词时，作为代名词；另外much也可用副词。
Many of them were very
tired.
I don't eat much for
lunch. 〔代名词）
He is much taller than I.
（副词〕
3. (a) few和(a) little的用法：
(a) few用在复数可数名词之前，(a) little用在不可数名词之前。
He took a few
biscuits. (=several)
He took few biscuits(=not
many)
He took a little
butter. (=some)
He took little butter.
(=not much)
few可由bardly any或almost no所取代，含否定的意味。
The composition is well
written; it has few (=hardly
any) mistakes.
Few (=Almost no) men
can solve it.
a few相当于some, several, 含肯定的意味。
He has a few
(=some or several) friends.
a little和little之间的差别，就和a few和few的差别一样，只是(a)
little须修饰不可数名词，表量或程度。
He grows worse; there
is little hope of his
recovery.
He is not much
better, but there is a
little hope.
4. 其他的数量形容词：
(1) plenty of, a
lot of, lots of均表许多，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。
The room contained plenty
of (or a lot of or
lots of) students.（复数名词）
The room contained plenty
of (or a lot of or
lots of) furniture.（不可数名词）
(2) a great (or a
good) deal of, a large
(or a small) quantity of,
a large (or a small)
amount of, 均表（量）， 修饰不可数名词。
The room contained a
great deal of furniture. （不可数名词）
The room contained a
good deal of furniture. （不可数名词）
The room contained a
large quantity of furniture.
（不可数名词）
The room contained a
large amount of furniture.
（不可数名词）
The room contained a
small quantity of furniture.
（不可数名词）
The room contained a
small amount of furniture.
（不可数名词）
(3) a number of
“许多；一些”；a great (large, good)
number of “许多”，修饰复数可数名词，并且要与复数动词连用。
A number of books
are missing from the library.
The number of books
from the library is large.
（the number of
＋复数名词←→单数动词）
The room contained a
great (or large or good)
number of students.（复数可数名词）
(4) enough的用法：
(A) 可接复数可数名词和不可数名词。
There are enough chairs.
（可数）
There is enough
furniture. （不可数）
(B) 可放在年修饰名词的前后。
We don't have enough
time. =We don't have time
enough.
(5) hundreds of, dozens
of, thousands of, scores of
＋复数可数名词
冠词或数词(one, two...) ＋
(hundred, dozen, thousand, score)
复数可数名词
(6) the rest of
“其余的”， 可接复数可数名词及不可数名词，作主词时，接可数名词则用复数动词，接不可数名词则用单数动词。
The rest of the
students are absent. （复数可数名词）
The rest of the
water was thrown away. 不可数名词）
注：the rest作代名词， 等于 the
others， 和复数动词连用。
5. 不可名词量的表示语：
(1) 不可数名词可加表单位的形容片语，表示数的观念。其公式为：
数词＋单位词＋of＋不可数名词
(2) 各类表单位的形容词片语。
(A) 物质名词：
a piece (suit) of
armour;
a piece (slice) of
cake;
a piece (an article)
of furniture;
a piece of jewelry;
a piece (sheet) of
paper;
a cake of soap;
a piece (slice) of
bacon;
a piece (stick) of
chalk;
a bit (blade) of
grass;
a piece (strip) of
land;
a bit (grain) of
rice;
a bowl of soup;
(B) 抽象名词
a word of abuse;
an item (a bit) of
business;
an attack of fever;
a bit (an amount)
of interest;
a fit of passion;
a piece (word) of
advice;
a piece of evidence;
a piece (an item)
of information;
a piece (an item)
of news;
(C) 自然现象：
a flash of lightening;
a bolt of thunder;
6. 名词种类的表示语：kind of, sort
of, type of,
(1) 三者都可接可数名词及不可数名词，其后的冠词a
(an)常被省略。
What kind of (a)
pencil did you buy?
I don't like that
sort of game.
(2) kind of, sort
of, type of之前可加a, the, some,
any, etc.
I had a kind of
suspicion that he was
cheating.
