C A scientist working at her lab bench and a
six-month-old baby playing with his food
might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is
engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the
physical world,and the baby is,well, just playing…right?Perhaps,but
some developmental psychologistshave argued that this“play”is more like a
scientific investigation than one might think.
在实验室平台工作的科学家和一个 6个月大与食物玩耍的婴儿看起来几乎没有相似的地方。毕竟，科学家正在从事严肃的研究以揭露物理世界非常本质，而婴儿只是在玩耍，对吗？也许吧，但是一些发展心理学家指出，此类“玩耍”比我们想象中的更类似于科学研究。 Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time
the bowl of rice is pus
hed over the table edge,it falls in the
ground---and, in the process, it brings
out important evidence about how physical objects interact ; bowls
of rice do not flood in mid-air, but
require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not
born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever
clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of
object support through repeated experiments and then build on this
knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though
their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the
scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about
the natural world ), overall approach (gathering direct evidence
from the world), and logic (are my observations what I
expected?).
仔细观察一下在桌子上玩耍的婴儿。每当一个饭碗被推到桌子边缘，再随后掉在地上 --
在此过程中，它带来了一个重要的证据，即物理客体如何反应；饭碗不会浮在空中，
需要支撑才可以放在桌面上。
很可能婴儿不是一出生就知道宇宙的一些基本的现象；也没有人清楚的教会它这些。相反，婴儿可能会通过重复的实验形成一种物质支撑的想法，随后建立知识以学习更多关于物质如何反应。尽管他们的范围和工具不同，婴儿的研究和科学家的实验似乎拥有了同一目标
（了解自然世界），一致的方法（从世界中收集直接证据）和逻辑（观察我期待的。） Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about
more than just the physical world in this way---that they
investigate human psychology and the rules of language using
similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated
experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory,
that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have
different views and desires from what he or she has, for example,
unlike the child , Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove
chocolate. 一些心理学家认为婴幼儿通过这种方式学习的不仅仅是自然世界 --
他们用同样的方法研究人类心理和语言规则。例如，这可能仅仅以通过重复实验，证据收集和最终推翻一个理论，婴儿将开始接受一个概念，即其它人可能有与他或她不同的想法和需求。例如，母亲可能和小孩不一样，她们事实上不喜欢DOVE巧克力。 Viewing childhood
development as a scientific investigation throws on how children
learn ,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and
scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much
alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort
---the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world---is
simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution
provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain
their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same
drive that served them as children. The same cognitive systems that
make young children feel good about figuring something out may have
been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, ”It
is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are
big children.” 把童年发展视为一项科学研究来了解儿童如何学习，而且它还向科学和科学家提供了一个很好的前景。为什么婴儿和科学家有那么多相似之处？心理学家把科学看作一种努力--即对探知、解释和理解我们世界的渴望。这种努力仅仅来自我们婴儿时期。也许进化向人类婴儿提供解释这个世界的好奇心和本能驱动。而科学家只是把自己当作儿童简单地利用相同的驱动。婴儿有一个认知体系，即他们解决某事后会感觉良好，而同一个认知系统已被成年科学家使用。正如一些心理学家所说，“并不是儿童是小科学家，而是科学家是大儿童。” 50. According to some developmental
psychologists, 根据一些发展心理学家， A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a
game.
婴儿只玩游戏 B. scientific research into
babies’games is possible
科学研究婴儿游戏是可能 C. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly
investigated 婴儿玩耍的天性已被彻底的研究 D. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s
experiment 婴儿玩耍某种程度上和科学家做实验类似 51.We learn from Paragraph 2 that 我们可以从第二段得出 A. scientists and babies seem to observe
the world differently 科学家和婴儿似乎用不同的方式观察这个世界 B. scientists and babies often interact with each
other 科学家和婴儿经常互动 C. babies are born with the knowledge of object
support 婴儿一出生就知道物质支撑的知识 D. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists
do 婴儿似乎和科学家一样收集证据 52. Children may learn the rules of
language by
婴儿通过 学会语言规则 A. exploring the physical world
探索世界 B. investigating human psychology研究人类心理 C. repeating their own experiments 重复他们的实验 D. observing their parents’ behaviors观察父母的行为 53. What is themain idea of the last
paragraph? 最后一段的主要大意是什么？ A. The world may be more clearly
explained through children’s play. 通过小孩的玩耍可以更好地解释这个世界 B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding
of science. 研究婴儿的玩耍可能更好地理解科学 C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things
than scientists. 儿童解决问题的能力要强于科学家 D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as
he grows. 科学家研究的驱动会随着他长大而变强 54. What is the author’s tone when he
discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’
play? 当作者讨论科学家研究和婴儿玩耍的联系时，他的语气是？ A. Convincing. 说服 B. Confused.
困惑 C.
Confidence.有信心 D.
Cautious.谨慎。 企鹅号3450782003，weixin: 3450782003 微博:http://weibo.com/esqqz 博客：http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/6053194683 优酷：http://i.youku.com/englishsqqz
