ne表示一个已发生（发生在谓语动词动作之前）的被动动作。
①He had run in order
to catch the bus.
（
一般式的主动式）
②The bridge
to be completed next month will bring great
convenience to the people along the river. (
一般式的被动式)
③He pretended
to be listening attentively.
(
进行式)
Shanghai is the first city in the world
to have built a
high-speed maglev train. (
完成式主动式)
This work of art seemed
to have been created several
centuries ago. (
完成式的被动式)
（2）v-ing形式：
形式
|
主动式
|
被 动
式
|
一般式
|
doing
|
being done
|
完成式
|
having done
|
having been done
|
含义：doing 常表示一个主动、进行的动作;
being done表一个被动、进行的动作：“---正被---”;
having
done表示一个已发生（发生在谓语动词动作之前）的主动动作；
having been done表示一个已发生（发生在谓语动词动作之前）的被动动作。
²
He sat in a
chair,
reading a novel. (一般式主动
式)
²
The build
being built now will be finished next week.
(一般式被动
式)
²
Having
finished his homework, he went playing. (完成式主动
式)
²
Having been
shown the classroom, we were taken to see the library.
(完成式被动
式
(3)过去分词：含义：表示被动、完成。不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成意义，没有被动意义：the fallen
leaves掉下了的树叶；可以和be动词、系动词构成短语的过去分词常表示状态或结果，没有被动或完成意义（这类过去分词被称为分词式形容词）。
Lost in thoughts，he didn’t realize the danger.
be lost
in陷入(思考、惊异等状态)，这里lost不表被动，表示状态。
2.所做成分
项目/成分
|
主语
|
表语
|
宾语
|
宾补
|
定语
|
状语
|
动词-ing形式
|
现在分词
|
|
△
|
|
△
|
△
|
△
|
动名词
|
△
|
△
|
△
|
|
△
|
|
不定式
|
|
△
|
△
|
△
|
△
|
△
|
△
|
过去分词
|
|
|
△
|
|
△
|
△
|
△
|
II.基本知识
1.
动词不定式在句中充当的成分
①作主语To see once is better than to hear a hundred times.
在很多情况下，常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。
It is important for us to learn English very
well.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。
②作动词的宾语，常用在以下动词后want,
help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，afford,
beg,
prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，happen，seem等。
He promised to come here at nine，but he didn’t.他答应9点钟到这儿,但没来。
在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。
I found it impossible to finish the work on
time.我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。
③作定语（常后置）。
由only, last, next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语;
不定式还可用作名词代词的的定语 (ability, anything, attempt, chance, curiosity,
desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need,
nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right,
something) 等。
He is always the last one to leave.他总是最后一个离开。I have no desire to
travel.
注：如
句子主语是不定式动作的发出者，不定式用主动形式表被动。动词不定式动词若是不及物动词，这个动词就应有必要的介词。I
haven’t decided which hotel to stay
at.
I found no
one to play
with.
④作状语
I walked slowly on the ice in order not to fall down. (表目的)
They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.
(表出乎意料结果)
She was
happy to hear the news. (表原因)
不定式常用于修饰下列形容词：able, afraid, angry, anxious, apt适合的、聪明的, careful,
careless, certain, clever, considerate为他人着想的、体谅的, delighted,
difficult, eager, easy, fit, frightened , happy, interesting,
likely, lucky, quick, ready, comfortable , right, sorry, surprised,
sure, thoughtful, thoughtless欠考虑的、粗心的, unable, unwilling, wrong
etc.
如
主语与不定式动词之间有动宾关系，不定式用主动形式表被动;动词不定式动词若是不及物动词，这个动词就应有必要的介词。The
house is comfortable to live
in.
⑤作独立副词成分。
To speak frankly, I don’t like your attitude.
⑥与疑问词连用。疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where,
how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
When to start has not been decided.什么时候出发还没有定。
He didn’t know what to do next.
I haven’t decided whether to go to Japan.我没有决定是否到日本去。
⑦不定式的复合结构
It is+adj.+for\of +sb(sth) + 动词不定式构成的复合结构。
It is necessary for you to finish the work before
Friday.你有必要在星期五前做完这项工作。
It’s brave of you to go into the burning building to save the
baby!
你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿
⑧
不带to
的动词不定式
▲在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let,make,have;hear,see,feel,smell,watch,notice,look,listen,observe等。
The teacher often makes me rewrite the
composition.老师常常让我把作文重写。
注意：被动语态中to要还原：I am often made by the teacher to rewrite the
composition.
▲下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better(best)最好;would
rather---（than）---=would sooner---than---=would---rather
than---宁愿----（也不---）； can not but---= can but---=can not help
but---=can not choose but---“不得不\只好---”；但can not help ding
sth“情不自禁做某事”;may\might as well---最好----；do no more
than---只不过---
They can not but accept his advice.我只好接受他的建议。
▲在except, but 之前有动词do作实义动词，则except, but
后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反之则接带to的动词不定式。
We have no choice but to wait.我们除了等待别无选择（我们只好等待）。
There is no choice but to go there.
There is nothing to do but read a book.
2.
动名词在句中充当的成分
①作主语
Teaching offers something besides money and
power.
②作表语Seeing is believing.
③作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语：
建议冒险去献身：advise, suggest, risk, devote oneself to
忍受期待不停顿：bear/stand(忍受), look forward to, stop
放弃延期悔失去：give up, delay, put off, regret, miss
坚持欣赏（想）要（实）践（完）成：keep (on)/insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate,
feel like, practice, finish
注意原谅避反对：pay attention to, excuse, escape, avoid, object to
考虑要求不自禁：consider, require, cannot help
允许习惯不介意：forbid; permit, be/get used to/be accustomed to, mind
值得开始想动名：be worth, set about, imagine
His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room but allows him to
smoke outside the room.
他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。
用“meipscarf”的谐音“妹不食（吃）咖啡”来记后面只能接doing作宾语的动词（短语）：m(mind\miss),e(enjoy\escape\excuse\explain),i(imagine\insiston),p(practise\permit\pardon\put
off),s(suggest\succeedin\setabout),c(consider),a(advise\allow\admit\appreciate\avoid),r(risk\resist),f(fancy\forbid\feel
like\fail in)
在want, need, require等表示“需要”的动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思：My hair needs
cutting. (= My hair needs to be cut.)
④作定语，它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用途或或功能。
The factory built a swimming pool last year.游泳池
注意：
①动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格 + 动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格 +动名词构成，
在句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：
Do you mind my closing the door? Do you mind me closing the
door?
I can’t stand Lao Chang’s talking like that about other
comrades.
②动名词的某些固定结构
▲It is + no use, no good(fun,a great pleasure, a
waste of time/money,a bore...)等名词+doing sth.
It is no use crying.哭没有用。
It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。
It is a waste of time trying to explain．设法解释是浪费时间。
▲It is + useless+doing sth．
It is useless speaking.光说没用。
▲There’s (no) point (in) doing sth.
做---有（没有）意义。
▲There is no + v-ing “…是不可能的”。
There is no knowing how old she is.(= I t is impossible to know how
old she is.)
There is no telling where she’s gone.(= It is impossible /
difficult to know where she’s gone.)
▲make a point of + doing “认为…是必要的”
Our family make a point of going to church every Sunday.(= Our
family make it a rule to go to church every Sunday.)
▲be on the point of + doing “将要…”
He was on the point of leaving.
▲on (upon) + doing “一…就…”
On hearing the news, I changed my plans.(= As soon as I heard the
news, I changed my plans.)
▲go + doing (大部分指运动和游戏)
He went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc.
▲动名词短语常用在以下结构中
have difficulty/ trouble (in) + doing sth
have fun (in) + doing sth/
have a good time (in) + doing sth/have a hard time (in) + doing
sth
▲feel like + 名词“想要”=would like to +原形动词
Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗?
I don't feel like reading tonight．今晚我不想读书。
3.
分词在句中充当的成分
①作定语。作定语的分词如果是单个分词，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。
The boring snow made the bored boys go home. (= The snow
which
was boring made the boys
who felt bored go home)
②作表语、宾语补足语。能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see, hear, keep, find, notice, watch,
think, want, smell, observe，catch等。注意：感官动词后面接
不定式do
sth作宾补和接
现在分词doing
sth作宾补含义不一样：前者表示全过程或结果，后者表示正在进行的动作。
The story is boring.
I saw him entering the library. (现在分词作宾补，“我看到他正进入图书馆”)
I saw him enter the library. (省to不定式作宾补，“我看见他进入了图书馆”)
I caught them stealing my apples．(现在分词作宾补，“我抓住他们正在偷我的苹果”)
③作状语。分词作状语可以表示时间,原因, 条件,结果,伴随情况。
Having read all the required papers, he answered the questions
fluently.（时间）
Being short of money, I decided to apply for the work.（原因）
Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital.（原因）
If going there by plane, we’ll have to pay twice as much.（条件）
Unless asked to answer questions, the pupils were not supposed to
talk in Mrs Smith’s class.（条件）
The farmer used
a new insecticide, thus raising the average
yield by 15%.（结果）
He sat in a rocking chair, watching TV.（伴随）
III.非谓语动词比较
1.做主语和宾语时的比较
一般来说，表示客观性、一般性行为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。Looking after children
is her job.照看小孩
To clean the classroom is his job
today.打扫教室
注意下列重点内容：
①有些词后面既可以接不定式．亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意
A. remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意义(=having
done)，接不定式，表示将来意义。
B. mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要……mean doing：意味着，就是
C. stop：stop to do停下来，要干另一件事（不定式作目的状语）stop doing停止做（动名词作宾语）
D. try：try to do，努力干……try doing：尝试干……
E. want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，接不定式就要i用被动式，这时主语与动名词之间为动宾关系。These
young trees require looking after（=to be looked after）.The matter
needs thinking over(=to be thought over).
F. go on：go on to do继续干和原来不同的另一件事（不定式作目的状语）go on
doing继续干原来同一件事（动名词作宾语）
H. be considered to have done被认为已经做了……consider…to be认为是……consider
doing考虑做某事
I. be（get）used to doing习惯于……be used to do被用来做……
J. can’t help doing情不自禁做……can’t help to do不能帮助做……
2.做宾补时的比较：
非谓语动词作宾补，要看它和宾语的关系。
When I came in, I saw
her dancing
happily.
The mother will have
the doctor examine her
son again.
Yesterday I had
my hair cut.
When I got home I found
the window broken and
the thief gone away already.
The thief was brought into the room with
his hands
tied.
3.做表语时的比较
动名词往往表示经常性的动作，不定时往往表示一次性的动作。分词做表语表明主语的特征和状态。现在分词作表语，多指事物“令人/让人----”；过去分词作表语往往指人“感到----”。
Her job is
cleaning offices.(What is her job?)
(=Cleaning offices is her job.)
Our job today is
to clean the office.(=To clean the
office is our job today.)
The news is very
exciting.
They are very
tired after a long walk.
4.做定语时的比较：
非谓语动词作定语，要看它和被修饰词的关系。其中动名词做定语，往往表示先行词的用途或功能。一些与感觉有关的动词的现在分词作定语，多指事物“令人/让人----”：
the surprising news=the news is
surprising；一些与感觉有关的动词的过去分词作定语，多用来指人，人的声音或表情：the excited boys=the
boys were excited。
I like reading books
written by Lu Xun.
The woman
standing over there is our English
teacher.
The house
to be built (=which will be built/which is
to be built) next year will be our new library.
The house
being built (=which is being built) now
will be our new library.
The house
built (=which was built) last year is our
new library now.
5.做状语时的比较：
非谓语动词作状语，要看它和主语的关系。
动词不定式多做目的、结果和原因状语，且多放在句末；
分词可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式状语，多置于句首，做伴随状语，多放在后面。
①目的状语：通常用不定式表示。不定式前还可加上in order，so as来加强说话的口气。但so as to通常不用于句首。In
order to(不用so as to) see better, we took front seats.
②时间状语：分词作时间状语可以换成时间状语从句。现在分词作时间状语一般位于句首，有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词。过去分词作时间状语前面可加上时间连词。
Arriving (=When he arrived) at the bus stop, he found his
sister there.
Having (=When we have)
made full preparations, we are
ready for an examination.
After
finishing his homework, he went to bed.
Seen (=When the town is seen) from the hill, the town looks
more beautiful.
对比：
Seeing(=When we see) from the hill, we found the town
more beautiful.
Locked (=When he was looked) up in the room, he found
himself isolated from the outer world.
③原因状语：不定式作原因状语往往用于形容词之后,这些形容词通常是happy, sorry, fortunate, angry,
glad, ashamed, discouraged, delighted, frightened,
shocked等。分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句，一般位于句首。
I'm very sorry
to have kept you waiting so
long.让你久等了
Being (=Since he was) ill all last year, he lived in
a sanatorium.
Having (=Since they had)
been asked to stay,
they couldn't possibly leave right away.
Moved (=As he was moved) by the heroic deeds of the
PLA man, he burst into tears.
④条件状语：通常用分词来表示，相当于条件状语从句，一般位于句首。
Turning to the left，you will see the post office.
=If you turn to the left，you will see the post office.
=Turn to the left，and you will see the post office.
Given (=If he had been given) more time, he would be able to
do better.
⑤结果状语从句：不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to，such+名词+as to，too…to，enough
to和only to等结构。现在分词作结果状语常表示自然的结果。
His is such a sad story
as to arouse out sympathy.
The man died young,
leaving nothing but debt.(自然的结果)
I worked late into the night,
only to find I had not
finished half of the job.(出乎意料的结果)
⑥让步状语：通常由过去分词来表示，而且前面通常有表示让步意义的though。
(Though )
wounded, the soldier managed to get to the village
safely.
⑦伴随或方式状语：分词作伴随状语通常位于句尾，表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态。
They walked along the streets,
talking and
laughing.
He went into the house,
followed by some children.
注意：分词的独立主格结构（了解）
有时分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致(即分词不和句子主语构成主动或被动关系)，这时分词须带上自身的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。在句中多作伴随、时间、原因、条件等状语。这种结构可以看成是
“with/without + 宾语(名词或代词) +
宾补(分词、不定式、形容词、名词、介词短语等)”的复合结构去掉了with/without。
①
Weather permitting, we will go out.= With
weather permitting, we will go out.
②The teacher having finished the lesson, the students left the
classroom.= With the teacher having finished the lesson, the
students left the classroom.
③某些固定结构generally / frankly speaking …,judging from / by
…等中，分词不与句子的主语构成主动或被动关系，这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词。
Judging by his dress, he comes from a wealthy family.从他的衣着判断
Frankly speaking, I don't like him at all.坦率地说
注：有些现在分词可以作介词用：如concerning=regarding关于,
considering=respecting考虑到等。
Considering his age, he is tall.考虑了他的年龄
I have nothing to say concerning his speech.关于他的演讲
IV.关于there be 的非谓语形式（了解）
there be非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语
1.作动词宾语时，通常用there to be结构，而不用there being。
They hate there to be long queues everywhere..他们不愿意处处都要排长队。
We have no objection to there being a meeting
here．我们并不反对在这里开会。
2.作状语多用there being结构，但若置于介词for之后要用there to be
There being nobody else at hand, I had to do by
myself．由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语)
It’s too early for there to be
anybody up．太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)
2007--2010年高考英语试题分类汇编——非谓语动词
1. —It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
—________ her this weekend? [2007 全国卷I]
A. Why not visit
B. why not to visit
C. Why not visiting
D. Why don’t visit
2. —The last one ________ pays the meal.
—Agreed! [2007 全国卷I]
A. arrived
B. arrives
C. to arrive
D. arriving
3. I smell something ________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back
in a minute? [2007 全国卷I]
A. burning
B. burnt
C. being burnt
D. to be burnt
4. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be
heard outside the classroom. [2007 全国卷II]
A. opened and closed
B. to be opened and closed
C. being opened and
closed
D. to open and close
5. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice
______ him. [2007 上海卷]
A. calling
B.
called
C. being called
D. to call
6. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish
you good luck. [2007 上海卷]
A. being persuaded
B. persuading
C. to be persuaded
D. to persuade
7. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished
building at that time. [2007 上海卷]
A. to be completed
B. having been completed
C. completed
D. being completed
8. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the
most recent ________at the end of last March. [2007 山东卷]A．has been
launched
B．having been launched
C．being launched
D．to be launched
9. Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete
stop. [2007 山东卷]
A．to seal
B．to be seated
C．seating
D．seated
10. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work
________, he gladly accepted it. [2007 安徽卷]
A. finished
B. finishing
C. having
finished
D. was finished
11. —Robert is indeed a wise man.—Oh, yes. How often I have
regretted ______ his advice! [2007 安徽卷]
A. to take
B.
taking
C. not to take
D. not taking
12. —Excuse me sir,where is Room 301?—Just a minute.I’ll have Bob
____you to your room. [2007 北京卷]
A.show
B.shows
C. to show
D.
showing
13. He is a student at Oxford University, __________ for a degree
in computer science. [2007 北京卷]
A. studied
B. studying
C. to have studied
D. to be studying
14. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her
written English
in a short period. [2007 福建卷]
A.improved
B.improving
C.to improve
D.improve
15. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work
my mind, I
almost break down. [2007 福建卷]
A.filled
B.filling
C.to fill
D.being filled
16. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________,
and asked myself what I was going to do. [2007 湖南卷]
A. moved
B
moving
C. to
move
D. being moved
17. “Things _________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to
myself. [2007 湖南卷]
A. lost
B. losing
C. to lose
D. have lost
18. —Can I smoke here?—Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here. [2007
江苏卷]
A. people smoking
B. people smoke
C. to smoke
D. smoking
19. My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I
was twelve. [2007 江苏卷]
A. feeling well
B. feeling good
C. feel well
D. feel good
20. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to
make them ______ in his lectures. [2007 江苏卷]
A. interested
B. interesting
C.
interest
D. to
interest
21. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there
for a space flight. [2007 江西卷]
A.training
B.being trained
C.to have trained
D.to be
trained
22.
that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than
her. [2007 陕西卷]
A.To have said
B.Having said
C.To say
D.Saying
23. All the staff {n our company are considering
to the city centre for the fashion show. [2007
上海春]
A．to go
B．going
C．to have gone
D．having gone
24.
the safety of gas, the
government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.
[2007 上海春]
A．To ensure
B．Ensuring
C．Having ensured.
D．To have ensured
25. She wants her paintings
in the
gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular. [2007
上海春]
A．display
B．to display
C．displaying
D．displayed
26. Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would
come to see him soon. [2007 四川卷]
A．said
B．says
C．saying
D．to say
27. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every
day. [2007 四川卷]
A.
watered
B.
watering
C. water
D.
to water
28. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the
entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. [2007 天津卷]
A. to let
B. letting
C. let
D. having
let
29. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to
struggle ______.[2007 浙江卷]
A. to be heard
B. to have
heard
C. hearing
D. being heard
30. ______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built
more green houses. [2007 浙江卷]
A. Driven
B.
Being driven
C. To drive
D. Having driven
31. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons
_______ for the day. [2007 重庆卷]
A. finishing
B. finished
C. had finished
D. were
finished
32. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was
reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
[2007 辽宁卷]
A. breaking
B. having broken
C. to have broken
D. break
33. You can't imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the
snowstorm. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. walked
B. walk
C.
to walk
D.
walking
1. ______ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly
realized he had left the cheque in the car. （2008福建）A. Waiting
B.
To wait
C.
Having Waited
D. To have waited
2. — Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me?
（2008福建）—No problem.
A. seat
B. sit
C.
seated
D.
sat
3. The message is very important, so it is supposed
as soon
as possible. (2008陕西卷)
A. to be sent
B. to send
C. being sent
D. sending
4.
around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s
Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (2008陕西卷)
A.
Having shown
B. To be shown
C. Having been shown
D. To
show
5.
to reach them on the phone, we sent an email
instead（2008重庆）
A. Fail
B. Failed
C. To fail
D. Having
failed
6. --- They are quiet, aren’t they?--- Yes. They are accustomed
_______ at meals. （2008江苏卷）
A. to talk
B. to not talk
C. to
talking
D. to not talking
7. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear
English _______ as much as we can. （2008江苏卷）
A. speak
B. speaking
C. spoken
D. to speak
8. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let
out loud shouts of victory. （2008天津卷）
A. To throw
B. Thrown
C. Throwing
D. Being thrown
9. We had an anxious couple of weeks _____ for the results of the
experiment. （2008四川卷）
A. wait
B. to be waiting
C. waited
D. waiting
10. Lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made ______ in the
restaurant. （2008山东）
A. working
B. work
C. to work
D. worked
11. The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the
meeting. （全国卷II）
A. picked up
B.
picks up
C.
pick up
D. picking up
12. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so
good______.（2008全国卷1）
A. to be breathed
B. to breathe
C. breathing
D. being breathed
13. He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to
smoke a cigarette. (2008辽宁卷)
A. to stop
B. stopping
C. to have
slopped
D. having
stopped
14. Please remain______; the winner of the prize will be announced
soon. (2008辽宁卷B)
A. seating
B. seated
C.
to seat
D. to be
seated
15. We finished the run in less than half the time
____.（2008江西卷C）
A. allowing
B. to allow
C. allowed
D. allows
16.
the
website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a
lot about firefighting. (2008湖南卷)
A. Having searched
B. To search
C. Searching
D. Search
17. The trees ___ in the storm have been moved off the road.
(2008湖南卷)
A. being blown down
B. blown down
C. blowing down
D to blow
down
18.
the
project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
(2008湖南卷)
A. Completing
B.Complete
C.Completed
D.To complete
19. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried
____alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. (2008湖南卷)
A. living
B. to live
C. to be living
D. having lived
20. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like
that little doll on her bed. （2008北京卷）
A. Seeing
B. To see
C. See
D.
Seen
21. –Did the book give the information you needed?–Yes. But _____
it, I had to read the entire book. （2008北京卷）
A. to find
B. find
C. to finding
D. finding
22. I feel greatly honored ____into their society. A. to welcome B.
welcoming C. to be welcomed
D. welcomed
23. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so
popular, and ____ better ones of your own. （2008北京卷）
A.
introduces
B. to introduce
C. introducing
D. introduced
24.______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the
warmth of spring. （2008安徽卷）
A. To walk.
B. Walking
C. Walked
D. Having walked
25. As a new driver, I have to practise _________ the car in my
small garage again and again. (2008上海春招)
A. parking
B. to park
C. parked
D. park
26. Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have
been forced ________their homes. (2008上海春招)
A. leaving
B. to leave
C.
to be left
D. being left
27. Throughout history, the language _____ by a powerful group
spreads across a civilization. (2008上海春招)
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. to speak
D. to
be spoken
28. If we have illegal immigrants ___ in, many local workers will
lose their jobs. (2008上海春招)
A. came
B. coming
C. to come
D.
having come
29. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the
bicycle _____ to balance it. (2008年上海卷)
A. having tried
B. trying
C. to try
D. tried
30. If there’s a lot of work _____, I’m happy to just keep on until
it is finished. (2008年上海卷)
A. to do
B. to be
doing
C. done
D.
doing
31. Something as simple as _____ some cold water may clear your
mind and relive pressure. (2008年上海卷)
A. to drink
B. drinking
C. to be drinking
D. drunk
32. Ideally _____ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the
New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.
(2008年上海卷)
A. locating
B.
being located
C. having been located
D. located
1. 09安徽卷28．The play
next month aims mainly to reflect the local
culture．
A．produced
B．being produced
C．to be
produced
D．having been produced
2. 09北京卷24. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ___
on his own farm.
A. grown
B. being grown
C. to be grown
D. to grow
3. 09北京卷28. All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___
information in a more effective way.
A. presenting
B. presented
C. being presented
D. to
present
4. 09北京卷34. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters
unless we changed our dog.
A. Being bitten
B.
Bitten
C. Having bitten
D. To be bitten
5. 09福建卷32.
not to miss the flight at
15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding
B. Reminded
C. To remind
D. Having reminded
6. 09福建卷34. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in
Qingdao,
the 60th anniversary of
the
founding of the PLA Navy.
A. marking
B. marked
C. having marked
D. being marked
7. 09湖南卷21. Every evening after dinner, if not ______ from work, I
will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired
B. tiring
C. tired
D. to be tired
8. 09湖南卷25. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker,
_____ in a
small apartment near Boston and
______ what
to do about his future.
A. living; wondering
B.
lived; wondering
C. lived; wondered D. living;
wondered
9. 09湖南卷29. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make
it easier for it ______.
A. reusing
B. reused
C. reuses
D. to be reused
10. 09湖南卷31. Please do me a favor —______ my friend Mr. Smith to
Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
A. to invite
B. inviting
C. invite
D. invited
11. 09江苏卷26. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000
college graduates this year as short-term
teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _____
reduce unemployment pressures.
A. help
B. to have helped
C. to help
D. having
helped
12. 09江苏卷32. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our
school. _____ the ceremony of the 50th
Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and
abroad.
A. Attend
B. To attend
C. Attending
D. Having attended
13. 09江西卷22. ______ the right kind of training, these teenage
soccer players may one day grow into the
international stars.
A. Giving
B. Having given
C.
To give
D.
Given
14. 09江西卷34. The government plans to bring in new laws _____
parents to take more responsibility for the
education of their children.
A. forced
B. forcing
C. to be forced
D. having forced
15. 09辽宁卷22. When we visited my old family home, memory came ______
back
A. flooding
B. to
flood
C. flood
D. flooded
16. 09辽宁卷27.
, you need to give all you have and try your best.
A
Being a winner
B To be a winner
C Be a
winner
D Having been a winner
17. 09宁夏、海南卷35.Now that we're discussed our problem, are people
happy with the decisions ______?
A. taking
B. take
C. taken
D.
to take
18. 09全国II卷16. They use computers to keep the traffic ______
smoothly.
A. being run
B. run
C. to run
D. running
19. 09山东卷22. We are invited to a party _______in our club next
Friday.
A. to be held
B. held
C. being held
D. holding
20. 09上海卷35. Bill suggested
______ a meeting on what to do
for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A. having held
|
B. to hold
|
C. holding
|
D. hold
|
21. 09上海卷39. David threatened
______ his neighbor to the
police if the damages were not paid.
A. to be reported
|
B. reporting
|
C. to report
|
D. having reported
|
22. 09四川卷2. He told us whether _______a picnic was still under
discussion
A. to have
B. having
C. have
D.
had
23. 09四川卷4. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _______until the
plane has come to a complete stop.
A. seated
B. seating
C. to seat
D. seat
24. 09四川卷10. ______ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told
B. Telling
C. Having told
D. Having been
told
25. 09天津卷4. ______ the project in time, the staff were working at
weekends.
A. Competing
B. Having completed
C. To have completed
D. To complete
26. 09天津卷9. _____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have
set up wind farms on their land.
A. Being encouraged
B. Encouraging
C. Encouraged
D. Having encouraged
27. 09浙江卷3. ______ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the
first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. To be tried
B. Tired
C. Tiring
D. Being
tired
28. 09浙江卷7. There is a great deal of evidence
that music activities engage
different parts of the
brain.
A. indicate
B. indicating
C. to
indicate
D. to be indicating
29. 09重庆卷25. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with
his old one.
A. comparing
B. compares
C. to compare
D. compared
30. 09重庆卷29. With the world changing fast, we have something new
_______with all by ourselves every day.
A. deal
B. dealt
C. to deal
D. dealing
31. 09上海卷31. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east
of the city, _____ all four people on board.
A. killed
|
B. killing
|
C. kills
|
D. to kill
|
32. 09上海卷33. With the government’s aid, those ______ by the
earthquake have moved to the new
settlements.
A. affect
|
B. affecting
|
C. affected D.were
affected
|
（10福建）1. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,
supplies to Yushu,
Qinghai Province after the earthquake.
A. sending
B. to send
C. having sent
D. to have sent
2. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained
abroad due to the volcanic ash
cloud.
A. sticking
B. stuck
C. to be stuck
D. to have stuck
（10上海）3. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her
colleagues
with her stories.
A. amused
B. amusing
C. to amuse
D. to be
amused
4.
the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in
height.
A. Approaching
B. Approached
C. To approach
D. To be
approached
5. Thai is the only way we can imagine
the overuse of water in
students' bathrooms.
A. reducing
B. to reduce
C. reduced
D. reduce
（10安徽）6. He had a wonderful childhood, _____with his mother to all
corners of the world
A. travel
B.
to travel
C.
traveled
D.
traveling
（10湖南）7. Listen! Do you hear someone
for help?
A. calling
B. call
C. to call
D. called
8. Dina,
for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a
position at a local advertising agency.
A. struggling
B. struggled
C. having
struggled
D. to struggle
9. So far nobody has claimed the money
in the library.
A. discovered
B. to be discovered
C.
discovering
D. having discovered
（10江西）10 The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for
bargains.
A keep
B kept
C
keeping
D to keep
11 There were many talented actors out there just waiting
______.
A to discover
B to be discovered
C discovered
D being discovered
（10山东）12. I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this
term.
A. completing
B. to
complete
C. completed
D. being completed
（10天津）13. It rained heavily in the south，
serious flooding in several
provinces.
A. caused
B. having caused
C. causing
D. to
cause
（10四川）14. A great number of students
said they were forced to
practise the piano.
A. to question
B. to be questioned
C. questioned
D. questioning
15.The lawyer listened with full attention，
to miss any point．
A．not trying
B．trying not
C．to try not
D．not to try
（10全国Ⅰ）16.Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______ from
the library.
A. to borrow
B. to be borrowed
C. borrowed
D. borrowing
17. With Father’s Day around the corner ,I have taken some money
out of the bank ______presents for my dad.
A.
buy
B. to buy
C.
buying
D. to have bought
（10江苏）18. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school
damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________the students to return
to their classrooms.
A. enabling
B. having enabled
C. to enable
D. to have enabled
（10陕西）19._____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the
mountain is a sea of trees .
A. Seen
B. Seeing C. Having
seen
D. To see
20. His first book
next month is based on a true story.
A. published
B. to be published
C. to publish
D. being published
（10全国Ⅱ）21.Though_________to see us,
the professor gave us a
warm welcome.
A. surprising
B. as surprised
C. surprised
D
being surprised
（10湖北）22. ________（油漆成）red, the building stands out among the rest
and looks very attractive. (paint)
23. After she completes the project, she’ll have ________（没什么要担心的）.
(worry)
（10辽宁）24.We were astonished _______ the temple still in its
original condition.
A．finding
B．to find
C．find
D．to be found
（10辽宁）25.Alexander tried to get his work
_______in the
medical circles.
A. to recognize
B. recognizing
C.
recognize
D.
recognized
（10北京）26.
at my classmates' faces, I read the same
excitement in their eyes.
A. Looking
B. Look
C. To look
D. Looked
27. I'm calling to enquire about the position
in yesterday's China Daily.
A. advertised
B. to be advertised
C. advertising
D. having
advertised
（10重庆）28. The news shocked the public, _______to great concern
about students’ safety at school.
A. having led
B. led
C. leading
D. to lead
29. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one
______first is the library.
A. repaired
B. being repaired
C. repairing
D. to be repaired
（10浙江）30. The traffic rule says young children under the age of
four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A. being weighed
B. to weigh
C. weighed
D.
weighing
07年题答案：1-5ACACA
6-10DCBDA
11-15DABAB
16-20BADDA
21-25DBBAD26-30CABAA
31-33BCD
08年答案：1-5CCACD
6-10DCCDA
11-15CBBBC
16-20DBDAA
21-25ACCBA
26-32BBBBABD
09年答案：1-5 CADBB
6-10 ACADC 11-15
CCDBA 16-20
BCDAC
21-25
CAADD
26-30
CBBDC
31-32
BC
10年答案
1. 答案：A考点：非谓语动词解析：表示伴随。从 “were working”可以判断是进行时态,排除C。
2. 答案：B考点：remain后接动词的用法解析：remain是高考的重点词汇。当它做系动词时，后面接过去分词作表语。
3答案：A考点：本题考查非谓语动词。解析：keep+sb. /sth.
+done,根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系，故选A.
4答案：A考点：本题考查非谓语动词。解析：考察现在分词作状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。
5答案：B考点：此处考查非谓语动词。解析：此处应该用不定式the way to do sth表示做……的途径、方式。the only
way to do……,we can imagine 做定语，前面省略了that.
6答案：D.
考点：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。解析：主语（he）与动词travel之间存在主动关系，故用traveling作原因状语。
7答案：A考点：考查非谓语动词。解析：该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾补，根据
someone与call的主动关系排除D项。hear后接不定式作宾补时应省略to，由此排除C项。由Listen可判断此处表示正在求救，故选A项。
8
答案：C考点：考查非谓语动词。解析：该空，分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took
a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。
9答案：A考点：考查非谓语动词解析：该空在句中作后置定语修饰the money，根据the
money与discover的被动关系，排除C、D两项。B项表示的是“将要被发现”的意思，根据句意“到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆被发现的钱”可判断选A项。
10答案：C考点：考察非谓语。解析：句子主语lady和keep 之间是主动关系, 而且walk和keep 同时发生。
11答案：B.考点：考察非谓语。解析：演员等待被发现, 用被动, 发现发生在等待之后, 所以用不定式.
12答案：B考点：本题考查非谓语动词的使用。解析：句意应为“这个学期结束前，我要做很多阅读练习。”由于时间状语before the
end of this term表达未来的时间，所以空格处使用动词不定式表示将来，充当readings的定语。
13答案：C. 考点：考查非谓语动词。句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾。
解析：空格后serious flooding是rained
heavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语
14答案：C 考点：考查非谓语动词作定语。解析： question与students
存在被动关系，question表示的动作也已完成，故用过去分词。
15答案：B考点：考查现在分词短语做伴随状语及动词不定式的否定式。解析：句中listen和try not to
miss为同时进行的动作，故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。
16题答案：C句意：怀特夫人像学生们展示了一些从图书馆借来的老地图。解答：根据选项此题考察非谓语动词，题干中空格划在名词maps后，空格后部分是对maps解释说明，因此此题考察非谓语动词做定语。非谓语动词做状语，首先判断动词与所修饰名词的主动还是被动关系，borrow和maps是被动关系，被动关系时非谓语动词形式有三种：
to be done, being done, done，to be done表示动作将要发生，being
done表示动作正在发生，done表示用作已经完成，根据句意borrow的动作已经完成，因此选择C。
17题答案：B句意：父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。解答：根据选项此题考察非谓语动词。题干中空格划在名词后，但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明，而是说明取钱的目的，因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语，非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的，因此选择B。
18选A. enabling 表示他在捐献后的结果
19A.【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系，且其动作在谓语动词动作之前已经完成，用过去分词，选A。
20B.【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词做后置定语，由时间状语next
month可知所填非谓语动词表示将来的动作，用动词不定式，其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词book,不定式与逻辑主语是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，选B。
21【答案】C【解析】省略结构和非谓语动词考查。补完整为：Though he was
surprised，主语一致，省略主语和系动词。
22. 答案：“painted”。考点：非谓语动词 解析：过去分词作状语，主语 “the building”是动作
“paint”的作用对象
23. 答案：nothing to worry about 考点：不定式作后置定语解析：动词 “worry”与被修饰的名词
“nothing” 形成动宾关系，由于 “worry” 是不及物动词，后面须加上加上介词 “about”。
24答案：B句意：我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然还是原来的状况。解析：考查非谓语动词。be astonished
后应该跟动词不定式做状语。
25答案：D句意：亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。解析：考查非谓语动词用法。宾语work和recognize之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
26. 答案：A考点：本题考查非谓语动词。解析：look与句子主语I为主动关系，因此用looking.
27. 答案：A考点:本题考查非谓语动词。句意：我打电话来咨询下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。解析：the
position肯定是被advertise，此处的分词可以理解为一个定语从句which was advertised
28. 答案C考点：考查非谓语动词。解析：句意为：这个消息使公众震惊，也引起了人们对学生在校安全的关注。The
news和lead之间是主谓关系，并作shocked的伴随状语，所以用leading。
29 答案D考点：考查非谓语动词。解析： the
one指代前面提到的buildings与repair是动宾关系，由前半句房屋需要修缮可知修缮这个动作发生在need之后，所以用to
be repaired.
30答案：D考点：本题考查非谓语动词。解析：根据句子结构：主语：the traffic
rule；谓语动词：says；宾语从句：young children under the age of four and ____
less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat。宾语从句中的主干为：young
children must be in a child safety seat。under the age of four and
____ less than 40
pounds用于修饰宾语从句主语children。动词weigh与名词children是主动关系，所以选择weighing。句意：交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。
