郭老师讲初中英语语法：被动语态讲解及练习
2010-08-14 07:06阅读：
语法专讲
巧记一， 二，三，轻松学被动
被动语态是历年来中考的考点之一。在学习被动语态时，一定要彻底地弄明白，搞清楚。再认真审题，相信能够百战百胜。那么，如何更容易地了解和掌握被动语态呢？请牢记“一变二套三注意”。
一变
变主动为被动或变被动为主动时
，把原句的主语和宾语互换，注意被动语态的构成“be + 过去分词”。如：We grew a tree yesterday.
→A tree was grown
yesterday by us.
二套
被动语态的构成为“be
+ 过去分词”。在不同的时态中，过去分词保持不变，而be动词随着时态有不同的变化，如：
am/ is/
are（一般现在时）；was/ were （一般过去时）；have/ has been(
现在完成时)；am/ is/are being
（现在进行时）等。若含有情态动词，则用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。
例如：The flowers are
being watered by them. 他们正在浇花。
The plan has been found by
me. 钢笔已经被我找到了。
Homework must be finished
first. 必须要先完成作业。
三注意
① 句中含有双宾语如give/ buy sb sth 时，一般要把间接宾语（sb）变成被动句的主语，若将直接宾语( sth )
变成主语，则在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。常用to的介词有give, show, pass, hand, lend, send
等；常用介词for
的动词有borrow, buy,
make 等。
如：The eraser was
passed to me at last. 最后，橡皮被传递给了我。
A new toy was bought for me as
my birthday present by him.
他给我买了一个玩具，作为我的生日礼物。
②
主动句中，谓语是含有介词或副词的动词短语，变为被动句时，介词或副词不能省略。常见的词组有listen to, take care of, pay attention to
等。
如： We often talk
with the old politely.
→The old are often talked with politely by us.
③ 主动句中作宾补的不带to的动词不定式，变被动时要加上to.常见的词组有hear/ see sb do sth, make sb
do sth 等。
如：we make the boy
stand outside.
→The boy was
made to stand by us.
被动语态专练场
主动被动互变
1. People speak English in many
countries.
________________________________________
2. The bike is being repaired.
(A worker)
________________________________________
3. He taught me Chinese last
term.
________________________________________
4. The reading – room must be
kept clean.
________________________________________
5. Mum will buy me a T – shirt
tomorrow.
________________________________________
6. She was seen reading a book.
(I)
________________________________________
7. They let the dog
go.
________________________________________
8. The books have been taken
from the library. (The little
boy)
________________________________________
眼明手快单词变形
9. Look! The students
___________ the street. ( cross )
10. Listen! A girl is heard
__________ in the next room. ( sing
)
11. The 29th
Olympics __________in Beijing next year.
( will hold )
12. I think he __________ this
work tomorrow morning. ( finish )
13. This building _________in
zoo. ( build )
14. Do you know who
___________the telephone? ( invent
)
15. They told me
__________earlier tomorrow. ( come
)
16. The boy is often seen
__________ baseball by us. ( play
)
单项选的就是你
（
）17. She was seen ______ at this time
yesterday.
A. dance
B. dancing
C. danced D. to
dance
（
）18. The meeting ______ at 4 this afternoon.
A. began
B. will begin
C. is begun D. will be
begin
（
）19. The man ______for more than ten hours a
day.
A. made to work
B. was made working
C. was made work D. was
made to work
（
）20. The teacher must ______ carefully in
class.
A. listen
B. be listened
C. be listened to D. be
listening
（
）21. A lot of tall buildings ________in our city last
year.
A. are built
B. was built
C. were built D. can be
built
（
）22. Our classroom is clean and tidy. It ________every
day.
A. is cleaned
B. is cleaning
C. cleans D.
cleaned
（
）23. How long may this book ________?
A. be keeping
B. kept
C. be kept D. is kept
（
）24. When your homework _______, please hand it
in.
A. did
B. do C. done
D. is done
参考答案
被动语态专练
1.
English is spoken in many countries ( by
people ).
2.
A worker is repairing the
bike
3. Chinese was taught to me by
him last term.
4. The students must keep the
reading – room clean.
5. I will be bought a T – shirt
by Mum tomorrow.
/ A T– shirt will be bought for
me by Mum tomorrow.
6. I saw her reading a
book.
7. The boy is let to go by
them.
8. The little boy has taken the
books away from the library.
9. are crossing
10. singing 11.will be
held 12. will / can finish
13. was built
14. invented 15.
to come 16. to play
17–20 BBDC
21–24 CACD
