用ING形式作宾语的动词归纳

2010-09-10 08:34阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/1150792890

在英语中, 有些(短语)动词不能用动词不定式而只能用动名词作宾语. 这类(短语)动词在中学教材中大致分为以下五种:
一只能用V ing形式作宾语的动词
常见的有finish, mind, enjoy, practice, suggest, excuse, delay, imagine, prevent, advise, allow, avoid, appreciate, stand, risk, give up, put off 等.
注意: 1) consider 当 “考虑” 讲时, 后跟V ing 作宾语; 当 “认为”讲时, 须用动词不定式的复合结构作宾补.
2) advise,permit,allow, 也可跟不定式的复合结构,即: advise.(permit, allow) sb to do sth
如: Charles Babbage is generally considered ________ the first computer,(MET93)
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
析: 题干中的considered 意为 “认为” 而invent 显然是发生在谓语is considered 之前的动作,故选不定式的完成式.
二含有to的短语词后接V-ing形式作宾语
常见的有: be(get) used to 习惯于; look forward to 盼望;pay attention to 注意; get down to 开始认真干;lead to导向;prefer doing sth. to doing 宁愿…… 而不愿干…….

Stick to 坚持;devote one’s life(time, oneself) to 献身于,致力于; object to 反对; in addition to 除……之外; on the way to 正要成为,等等
例如: She looks forward every spring to _________ the flower-lined garden.( 上海95 )
A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in
析: 本题旨在考查look forward to 短语动词,只因中间插入了every spring 而增加了难度. 本题只能选D. 如果选B, visit 后边少一个to.
三接V-ing 和to作宾语均可,但含义全然不同的(短语)动词
常见的有: go on doing 继续干同一件事, go on to do 接着干另一件事; try doing 试着做, try to do 尽力(设法)做; feel like doing 想做, would like to do　愿意干；can’t help (to) do 不能帮助干, can’t help doing 忍不住要做; stop doing 停止做, stop to do 停下去做; mean doing 意味着做, mean to do 打算做; remember doing 记得做了, remember doing 记得做了, remember to do 记得要做; forget doing 忘记做了, forget to do 忘记去做; regret doing 后悔做了, regret to doing 遗憾要做,等等.
例: --You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
–Well, now I regret _______ that. (NMET95)
A. to do B. to be read C. to have done D. having done
析: 从题干中第一句和答语中now I regret 得知动作已经做了,即 “后悔做了那件事”, 故选D
四 be busy, be worth 等后接V-ing形式,但worthy则用be worthy to be done 或be worthy of being done 例:
--What do you think of the book?
–Oh, excellent. It’s worth _________ a second time. (MET89)
A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being reading
分析: be worth doing 结构是主动形式表示被动含义(doing 必须是vt. 如果doing 是vt. 则必须加上适当的介词才行).故本题应选C.
五 want, need, require 后接V-ing形式,可与不定式的被动式互换
例: This sentence needs _________. (MET85)
A. a improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved
分析: need improving = need to be improved 两者虽然表达形式不同,但同样都表达了被动含义. 故此题应选C.
另外, like, love, prefer, hate, begin, start 等词后接V-ing 形式与接to do 作宾语区别不大,加 V-ing多指习惯性的长期行为; 加to do 多表示特殊的一次性的动作. 但这些词前有would时,则一律用不定式作宾语.

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