commit及其派生词用法详解
2012-06-05 01:07阅读：
commit及其派生词用法详解
commit是四级必会单词，我们对其了解通常在commit
suicide和commit a
crime中，殊不知，commit的用法非常广泛，以下是从OALD（《牛津高阶英语学习词典》）等综合摘录的用法。
commit
crime
1 [ transitive
] ~ a crime, etc. to do sth wrong
or illegal
to commit
murder/adultery(注：n.通奸)
Most crimes are committed by young men.
Appalling（注：adj.可怕的）
crimes committed against innocent children
suicide
2 [ transitive
] ~ suicide to kill yourself
deliberately
promise/say definitely
3 [ transitive
, often passive
] to promise sincerely that you will definitely
do sth, keep to an agreement or arrangement, etc
~ sb/yourself (to sth/to doing sth)
The President is committed to reforming
health care.
Borrowers should think carefully before committing
themselves to taking out a loan.
~ sb/yourself to do sth Both
sides committed themselves to settle the dispute
peacefully.
注：个人认为，commit sb/yourself to do
sth用法较少，因为《柯林斯英语学习词典》和《韦氏高级英语学习词典》完全没有提及此用法，还是不用为佳。这样更好：
Both sides committed themselves to settling the dispute
peacefully.
4 [ transitive
] ~ yourself (to sth) to give an
opinion or make a decision openly so that it is then difficult to
change it
You don't have to commit yourself now, just think about
it.
be loyal
5 [ intransitive
] ~ (to sb/sth) to be completely
loyal to one person, organization, etc. or give all your time and
effort to your work, an activity, etc
Why are so many men scared to commit?
(= say they will be loyal to one
person)
money/time
6 [ transitive
] ~ sth to spend money or time on
sth/sb
The council has committed large amounts of money to
housing projects.
to hospital/prison
7 [ transitive
, often passive
] ~ sb to sth to order sb to be
sent to a hospital, prison, etc
She was committed to a psychiatric
hospital.
sb for trial
8 [ transitive
] ~ sb to send sb for trial in
court
sth to memory
9 [ transitive
] ~ sth to memory to learn sth well
enough to remember it exactly
She committed the instructions to memory.
sth to paper/writing
10 [ transitive
] ~ sth to paper/writing to write
sth down
一共这个10个用法，其实都挺常用的。commit的派生词也很多，除了我们熟知的commitment以外，还有：
committed，adj.,尽心尽力的，坚定的，从以上意义5派生而来，反义词是uncommitted.
Committal,
n,收监，拘押；送入精神病院。从以上意思7派生而来。
non-committal，adj.,态度不明朗的，不承担责任的，含糊的，从意义4派生而来。
如：The doctor was non-committal about when I could drive
again.
a non-committal reply/tone.
注意non-committal并不是committal的反义词。表示“含糊的”，我们原来有2个单词：vague和ambiguous，现在又多了一个non-committal，挺好的。
committee，也是我们比较熟的，n,委员会，应该是从以上意义3或4派生而来（即:负有责任的、表态做决定的人）。
另：commitment，也复习一下，
承诺，义务；献身，努力
主要有：make a commitment to do
something.承诺
We made a commitment to keep working
together.我们作了承诺要继续在一起工作。
government's commitment to public
service.义务
The company's commitment to providing quality at a reasonable
price is a key to succeed.义务
commitments to the family.义务
family commitments义务
A career as an actor requires one hundred percent
commitment.努力。
最后，比较一下：
如果说“承诺做某事”之意，可以用make a commitment to do
sth.或者commit oneself to (doing)sth.或be
committed to (doing)sth.这里有人经常搞错。
