从皇帝到公民
2023-12-28 00:11阅读:
My Grandfather Prince Chun
I was born in Peking in the mansion of Prince Chun on
February 7, 1906. My grandfather Yi Huan, the seventh son of
Emperor Tao Kuang (reigned 1821-50), was the first Prince Chun.
Although my father was only his fifth son the inherited the title
as the eldest, third and fourth sons died in childhood and the
second son was taken into the palace to become the emperor Kuang
Hsu (reigned 1875-1908), I was the eldest son of the second Prince
Chun. I was nearly three when on November 13 1908 the empress
dowager Tzu Hsi suddenly decided to make me the heir to the throne
as she and ht emperor Kuang Hsu lay seriously ill. I became
the adopted son of Emperor Tung Chih (reigned 1862-740 and the
ritual heir of his cousin Kuang Hsu. Within two days of my entering
the palace both Kuang Hsu and the Empress Dowager were dead, On
December 2, I ascended the imperial throne as the tenth ruler of
the Cing Dynasty and last emperor of China. Before
three years were out the 1911 Revolution against the Ching Dynasty
broke out and I abdicated.
My earliest memories are of the time of my
abdication, but to make things clearer it would be best to start
with my grandfather and my family.
In that blackest of eras, the late Ching Dynasty, the
family of Prince Chun were for half a century the faithful servants
of the empress dowager Tzu Hsi, and my grandfather in paricular
devoted his life to her service.
My grandfather was born in 1842 and died in
1890, Looking through the records of the imperial family one can
see that he received few honours during the eleven-year reign of
his brother, Emperor Hsien Feng 9reigned 1851-61), but that in the
six months or so after Hsien Feng's death, when Tzu Hsi had just
been made Empress Dowager, he was suddenly loaded with titles and
positions.
我的祖父淳王子
1906年2月7日,我出生在北京淳王府。我的祖父奕是陶匡帝的第七个儿子(1821-50年在位),是第一个纯亲王。虽然我的父亲只是他的第五个儿子,继承了这个头衔,因为长子、三子和四子在童年时就去世了,次子被带进宫成为皇帝光绪(1875年至1908年在位),但我是第二个醇亲王的长子。1908年11月13日,我快三岁的时候,慈禧太后和光绪病重,突然决定立我为皇位继承人(1862年-1940年在位,堂弟光绪之仪嗣。入宫两日内,光绪和太后双双驾崩。12月2日,我即位,成为清朝第十任统治者,中国最后一位皇帝。三年前,辛亥反清革命爆发,我退位。)。
我最早的记忆是我退位的时候,但为了让事情更清楚,最好从我的祖父和家人开始。
在晚清那个最黑暗的时代,醇亲王一家半个世纪以来一直是慈禧太后的忠实侍从,而我的祖父却把一生都奉献给了慈禧太后。
我的祖父生于1842年,卒于1890年。查阅皇室的记录,可以看出,在他弟弟咸丰皇帝(1851-61年在位)统治的十一年里,他几乎没有获得什么荣誉,但在咸丰去世后的六个月左右,当慈禧刚刚被立为皇太后时,他突然被封号和职位所累。