一八四二年八月二十九日，道光二十二年七月二十四日，南京。
新浪博客
。
Sino-British Treaty of Nanking (Nanjing), 1842
(Ratifications exchanged at Hongkong, 26th June 1843.)
VICTORIA, by the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc., etc., etc. To All and Singular to whom these Presents shall come, Greeting !Whereas a Treaty between Us and Our Good Brother The Emperor of China, was concluded and signed, in the English and Chinese Languages, on board Our Ship the Cornwallis, at Nanking, on the Twenty-ninth day of August, in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-two, by the Plenipotentiaries of Us and of Our said Good Brother, duly and respectively authorized for that purpose;
which Treaty is hereunto annexed in Original.
TREATY
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, being desirous of putting an end to the misunderstandings and consequent hostilities which have arisen between the two Countries, have resolved to conclude a Treaty for that purpose, and have therefore named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, HENRY POTTINGER, Bart., a Major General in the Service of the East India Company, etc., etc.; And His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, the High Commiasioners KEYING, a Member of the Imperial House, a Guardian of the Crown Prince and General of the Garrison of Canton; and ELEPOO, of Imperial Kindred, graciously permitted to wear the insignia of the first rank, and the distinction of Peacock's feather, lately Minister and Governor General etc., and now Lieutenant-General Commanding at Chapoo: Who, after having communicated to each other their respective Full Powers and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon, and concluded, the following Articles:
ARTICLE I.
There shall henceforward be Peace and Friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their respective Subjects, who shall enjoy full security and protection for their persons and property within the Dominions of the other.
ARTICLE II.
His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees that British Subjects, with their families and establishments, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their Mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint at the
ARTICLE III.
It being obviously necessary and desirable, that British Subjects should have some Port whereat they may careen and refit their Ships, when required, and keep Stores for that purpose, His Majesty the Emperor of China cedes to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., the Island of Hongkong, to be possessed in perpetuity by Her Britannic Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, and to be governed by such Laws and Regulations as Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., shall see fit to direct.
ARTICLE IV.
The Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of Six Millions of Dollars as the value of Opium which was delivered up at Canton in the month of March 1839, as a Ransom for the lives of Her Britannic Majesty's Superintendent and Subjects, who had been imprisoned and threatened with death by the Chinese High Officers.
ARTICLE V.
The Government of China having compelled the British Merchants trading at Canton to deal exclusively with certain Chinese Merchants called Hong Merchants (or Cohong) who had been licensed by the Chinese Government for that purpose, the Emperor of China agrees to abolish that practice in future at all Ports where British Merchants may reside, and to permit them to carry on their mercantile transactions with whatever persons they please, and His Imperial Majesty further agrees to pay to the British Government the sum of Three Millions of Dollars, on acoount of Debts due to British Subjects by some of the said Hong Merchants (or Cohong), who have become insolvent, and who owe very large sums of money to Subjects of Her Britannic Majesty.
ARTICLE VI.
The Government of Her Britannic Majesty having been obliged to send out an Expedition to demand and obtain redress for the violent and unjust Proceedings of the Chinese High Authorities towards Her Britannic Majesty's Officer and Subjects, the Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of Twelve Millions of Dollars on account of the Expenses incurred, and Her Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary voluntarily agrees, on behalf of Her Majesty, to deduct from the said amount of Twelve Millions of Dollars, any sums which may have been received by Her Majesty's combined Forces as Ransom for Cities and Towns in China, subsequent to the 1st day of August 1841.
ARTICLE VII.
It is agreed that the Total amount of Twenty-one Millions of Dollars, described in the three preceding Articles, shall be paid as follows:
Six Millions immediately.
Six Millions in 1843. That is:NThree Millions on or before the 30th of the month of June, and Three Millions on or before the 31St of December.
Five Millions in 1844. That is:NTwo Millions and a Half on or before the 30th of June, and Two Millions and a half on or before the 31St of December.
Four Millions in 1845. That is:NTwo Millions on or before the 30th of June, and Two Millions on or before the 31st of December; and it is further stipulated, that Interest at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum, shall be paid by the Government of China on any portions of the above sums that are not punctually discharged at the periods fixed.
ARTICLE VIII.
The Emperor of China agrees to release unconditionally all Subjects of leer Britannic Majesty (whether Natives of Europe or India) who may be in confinement at this moment, in any part of the Chinese Empire.
ARTICLE IX.
The Emperor of China agrees to publish and promulgate, under His Imperial Sign Manual and Seal, a full and entire amnesty and act of indemnity, to all Subjects of China on account of their having resided under, or having had dealings and intercourse with, or having entered the Service of Her Britannic Majesty, or of Her Majesty's Officers, and His lmperial Majesty further engages to release all Chinese Subjects who may be at this moment in confinement for similar reasons.
ARTICLE X.
His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to establish at all the Ports which are by the 2nd Article of this Treaty to be thrown open for the resort of British Merchants, a fair and regular Tariff of Export and Import Customs and other Dues, which Tariff shall be publicly notified and promulgated for general information, and the Emperor further engages, that when British Merchandise shall have once paid at any of the said Ports the regulated Customs and Dues agreeable to the Tariff, to be hereafter fixed, such Merchandise may be conveyed by Chinese Merchants, to any Province or City in the interior of the Empire of China on paying a further amount as Transit Duties which shall not exceed per cent. On the tariff value of such goods.
ARTICLE Xl.
It is agreed that Her Britannic Majesty's Chief High Officer in China shall correspond with the Chinese High Officers, both at the Capital and in the Provinces, under the term 'Communication' [chinese characters]. The Subordinate British Officers and Chinese High Officers in the Provinces under the terms 'Statement' [chinese characters] on the part of the former, and on the part of the latter ' Declaration ' [chinese characters], and the Subordinates of both Countries on a footing of perfect equality. Merchants and others not holding official situations and, therefore, not included in the above, on both sides, to use the term ' Representation ' [chinese characters] in all Papers addressed to, or intended for the notice of the respective Governments.
ARTICLE XII.
On the assent of the Emperor of China to this Treaty being received and the discharge of the first instalment of money, Her Britannic Majesty's Forces will retire from Nanking and the Grand Canal, and will no longer molest or stop the Trade of China. The Military Post at Chinhai will also be withdrawn, but the Islands of Koolangsoo and that of Chusan will continue to be held by Her Majesty's Forces until the money payments, and the arrangements for opening the Ports to British Merchants be completed.
展拓香港界址专条
英国割占中国领土香港岛和九龙以后不久，并未放弃进一步占据中国领土的图谋。1894年中日甲午战争爆发以后，清军节节败退。港英当局认为有机可乘，正式提出展拓界址的主张。1894年11月9日，香港总督威廉·罗便臣以香港“防务安全”为由，向殖民部建议将香港界址展拓到大鹏湾、深圳湾一线，并将隐石岛、横澜、南丫岛和所有距香港3英里以内的海岛割让给英国。他还着重指出：“应当在中国从失败中恢复过来之前，向它强行提出这些要求。”威廉·罗便臣的建议实际上是后来扩界的蓝图。他的建议得到英国巨商的支持。英商遮打在给威廉·罗便臣的信中，曾以种种“理由”鼓吹扩界。他还说：50年后、甚至20年后，中国就可能成为充分武装的强国。扩界的事“机不可失”，“要干，现在就干”。
1895年5月，英国海陆军联合委员会发表《关于香港殖民地边界的报告》，再次提出扩界要求，并立即得到陆海军大臣赞同。
同年8月1日“吉田教案”发生后，港督威廉·罗便臣、香港总商会、英商中华社会及其香港分会喧嚣一时，要求趁机向中国提出开放西江和展拓香港界址等要求。
1897年冬，德俄两国先后出兵强占胶州湾和旅大，次年3月又强迫清政府签约租让。英法两国也投入了这一瓜分狂潮。1898年3月7日，法国向清政府提出了租借广州湾的要求。3月17日，英国驻华公使窦纳乐向英国首相索尔兹伯里报告说：法国已要求总理衙门保证将云南、贵州、广西、广东作为法国的势力范围。如果此项要求得逞，未来展拓香港界址将不可能实现。英国政府闻讯，决定以法国租借广州湾为借口，向清政府提出展拓香港界址的要求，并于3月28日向窦纳乐发出指示：要求总理衙门作出保证，如果法国租借广州湾，英国随时可以要求展拓香港界址。
几乎与此同时，英国向清政府提出了租借威海卫的要求。清政府对此不敢加以拒绝，但恳求英国不再提出其他领土要求。窦纳乐却强硬的表示，如果法国占南海口岸，英国必须另索取一处。
1898年4月2日，中英双方就香港扩界问题在总理衙门开始谈判。窦纳乐一开始即对清朝总理衙门大臣奕讠斤宣称：“香港殖民地不满足于它目前的界限，希望展拓界址”，“以为保卫香港之计”。次日，总理衙门大臣李鸿章会见窦纳乐，向他表示：“如果展拓范围不大”，可以“同意”。4月24日，窦纳乐根据英国外交部的指示，向李鸿章等出示展拓界址范围的地图，将大鹏湾到深圳湾一线以南、包括九龙城及许多岛屿在内的大片土地及水域，皆划入拓界的范围之内。李鸿章等没有料到英国胃口如此之大，坚决加以拒绝。窦纳乐要他们与德国租界的胶州湾和俄国租界的旅大相比较。李鸿章说，中国已经同意将威海卫租给英国。窦纳乐则强词夺理说，订租威海卫对中国也有利。李鸿章等屈从于压力，不再争辩，但坚决反对英国占领九龙城，理由是该处设有中国衙门。
5月19日，窦纳乐携带他一手拟就的中英《展拓香港界址专条》前来谈判。李鸿章等阅后表示同意，仅提出加上“九龙到新安陆路，中国官民照常行走”，“遇有两国交犯之事，仍照中英原约香港章程办理”两句话。至此，双方就拓界问题已达成协议。但因英国政府对谈判结果感到不满足，《专条》并未马上签订。5月25日，窦纳乐根据英国政府指示再次与总理衙门会谈，要求修改前议展拓香港界址的范围。其中最重要的是将东面界限由东经114°26′扩大至东经114°30′，使整个大鹏湾划归英国控制。英国在最后关头迫使中国做出额外让步。
6月5日，李鸿章提出，英国不得在此租借地修筑炮台。窦纳乐竟拍案咆哮反对。李鸿章听罢忍气吞声，无可奈何。
6月6日，总理衙门将中英《展拓香港界址专条》呈交光绪皇帝，请求批准画押，并且辩解说：“展拓界址与另占口岸不同，允议暂租专条尚可操纵由我。”
1898年6月9日，中英《展拓香港界址专条》在北京签字。中方签字代表是李鸿章、许应马癸，英方签字代表是窦纳乐。《专条》有中英两种文本，其内容如下：
“溯查多年来，素悉香港一处非展拓界址不足以资保卫。今中、英两国政府议定大略，按照粘附地图展拓英界，作为新租之地。其所定详细界线，应俟两国派员勘明后，再行画定，以99年为限期。又议定：所有现在九龙城内驻扎之中国官员，仍可在城内各司其事，惟不得与保卫香港之武备有所妨碍。其余新租之地，专归英国管辖。至九龙向通新安陆路，中国官民照常行走。又议定：仍留附近九龙城原旧码头一区，以便中国兵、商各船、渡艇任便往来停泊，且便城内官民任便行走。将来中国建造铁路至九龙英国管辖之界，临时商办。又议定：在所展界内，不可将居民迫令迁移，产业入官。若因修建衙署、筑造炮台等官工需用地段，皆应从公给价。自开办后，遇有两国交犯之事，仍照中英原约香港章程办理。查按照粘附地图，所租与英国之地内有大鹏湾、深圳湾水面，惟议定该两湾中国兵船，无论在局内或局外，仍可享用。”
《专条》规定，该约画押后，应于7月1日“开办施行”。
通过《专条》的签订，英国强租了沙头角海至深圳湾最短距离直线以南、界限街以北广大地区、附近大小岛屿235个以及大鹏湾、深圳湾水域，为期99年。此次“租借”，陆地面积达975．1平方公里，较原香港行政区扩大约11倍，水域较前扩大四五十倍。这些被强租的中国领土和领水后被称为香港“新界”，约占广州府新安县面积的2／3。
《展拓香港界址专条》的不平等性质昭然若揭。香港大学的法律专家史维理教授在《不平等条约（1898—1997）：中国、英国与香港新界》一书中认为：“1898年的北京条约（指《展拓香港界址专条》）是一个不平等条约。所以这样评价，是因为只有一方从中得到好处。中国暂时丧失了土地，但没有得到补偿。再者，在起草条约时，缔约双方并非处于平等谈判地位。”
次年3月19日，港英当局强迫清朝地方官员在香港签订了《香港英新租借合同》。该合同违背《展拓香港界址专条》粘附地图有关“新界”北部陆界的规定，完全控制了那条在地图上没有全部包括在英国租借地内的深圳河。
英国侵占香港岛和九龙实际上主要是在两次鸦片战争的过程中用军事手段实现的，经历了大大小小多次刀光剑影的厮杀。英国租借“新界”却未派一兵一卒，仅凭英国驻华公使窦纳乐的外交讹诈，即将面积更大的中国领土和领海置于英国的殖民统治之下。
英国在50多年内，逐步扩大侵占香港地区范围，是中国社会一步步陷入半封建、半殖民地深渊的明证。我们永远不应该忘记这一段沉甸甸的历史。
Sino-British Treaty of Nanking (Nanjing), 1842
(Ratifications exchanged at Hongkong, 26th June 1843.)
VICTORIA, by the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc., etc., etc. To All and Singular to whom these Presents shall come, Greeting !Whereas a Treaty between Us and Our Good Brother The Emperor of China, was concluded and signed, in the English and Chinese Languages, on board Our Ship the Cornwallis, at Nanking, on the Twenty-ninth day of August, in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-two, by the Plenipotentiaries of Us and of Our said Good Brother, duly and respectively authorized for that purpose;
which Treaty is hereunto annexed in Original.
TREATY
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, being desirous of putting an end to the misunderstandings and consequent hostilities which have arisen between the two Countries, have resolved to conclude a Treaty for that purpose, and have therefore named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, HENRY POTTINGER, Bart., a Major General in the Service of the East India Company, etc., etc.; And His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China, the High Commiasioners KEYING, a Member of the Imperial House, a Guardian of the Crown Prince and General of the Garrison of Canton; and ELEPOO, of Imperial Kindred, graciously permitted to wear the insignia of the first rank, and the distinction of Peacock's feather, lately Minister and Governor General etc., and now Lieutenant-General Commanding at Chapoo: Who, after having communicated to each other their respective Full Powers and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon, and concluded, the following Articles:
ARTICLE I.
There shall henceforward be Peace and Friendship between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of China, and between their respective Subjects, who shall enjoy full security and protection for their persons and property within the Dominions of the other.
ARTICLE II.
His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees that British Subjects, with their families and establishments, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their Mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint at the
ARTICLE III.
It being obviously necessary and desirable, that British Subjects should have some Port whereat they may careen and refit their Ships, when required, and keep Stores for that purpose, His Majesty the Emperor of China cedes to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., the Island of Hongkong, to be possessed in perpetuity by Her Britannic Majesty, Her Heirs and Successors, and to be governed by such Laws and Regulations as Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., shall see fit to direct.
ARTICLE IV.
The Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of Six Millions of Dollars as the value of Opium which was delivered up at Canton in the month of March 1839, as a Ransom for the lives of Her Britannic Majesty's Superintendent and Subjects, who had been imprisoned and threatened with death by the Chinese High Officers.
ARTICLE V.
The Government of China having compelled the British Merchants trading at Canton to deal exclusively with certain Chinese Merchants called Hong Merchants (or Cohong) who had been licensed by the Chinese Government for that purpose, the Emperor of China agrees to abolish that practice in future at all Ports where British Merchants may reside, and to permit them to carry on their mercantile transactions with whatever persons they please, and His Imperial Majesty further agrees to pay to the British Government the sum of Three Millions of Dollars, on acoount of Debts due to British Subjects by some of the said Hong Merchants (or Cohong), who have become insolvent, and who owe very large sums of money to Subjects of Her Britannic Majesty.
ARTICLE VI.
The Government of Her Britannic Majesty having been obliged to send out an Expedition to demand and obtain redress for the violent and unjust Proceedings of the Chinese High Authorities towards Her Britannic Majesty's Officer and Subjects, the Emperor of China agrees to pay the sum of Twelve Millions of Dollars on account of the Expenses incurred, and Her Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary voluntarily agrees, on behalf of Her Majesty, to deduct from the said amount of Twelve Millions of Dollars, any sums which may have been received by Her Majesty's combined Forces as Ransom for Cities and Towns in China, subsequent to the 1st day of August 1841.
ARTICLE VII.
It is agreed that the Total amount of Twenty-one Millions of Dollars, described in the three preceding Articles, shall be paid as follows:
Six Millions immediately.
Six Millions in 1843. That is:NThree Millions on or before the 30th of the month of June, and Three Millions on or before the 31St of December.
Five Millions in 1844. That is:NTwo Millions and a Half on or before the 30th of June, and Two Millions and a half on or before the 31St of December.
Four Millions in 1845. That is:NTwo Millions on or before the 30th of June, and Two Millions on or before the 31st of December; and it is further stipulated, that Interest at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum, shall be paid by the Government of China on any portions of the above sums that are not punctually discharged at the periods fixed.
ARTICLE VIII.
The Emperor of China agrees to release unconditionally all Subjects of leer Britannic Majesty (whether Natives of Europe or India) who may be in confinement at this moment, in any part of the Chinese Empire.
ARTICLE IX.
The Emperor of China agrees to publish and promulgate, under His Imperial Sign Manual and Seal, a full and entire amnesty and act of indemnity, to all Subjects of China on account of their having resided under, or having had dealings and intercourse with, or having entered the Service of Her Britannic Majesty, or of Her Majesty's Officers, and His lmperial Majesty further engages to release all Chinese Subjects who may be at this moment in confinement for similar reasons.
ARTICLE X.
His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees to establish at all the Ports which are by the 2nd Article of this Treaty to be thrown open for the resort of British Merchants, a fair and regular Tariff of Export and Import Customs and other Dues, which Tariff shall be publicly notified and promulgated for general information, and the Emperor further engages, that when British Merchandise shall have once paid at any of the said Ports the regulated Customs and Dues agreeable to the Tariff, to be hereafter fixed, such Merchandise may be conveyed by Chinese Merchants, to any Province or City in the interior of the Empire of China on paying a further amount as Transit Duties which shall not exceed per cent. On the tariff value of such goods.
ARTICLE Xl.
It is agreed that Her Britannic Majesty's Chief High Officer in China shall correspond with the Chinese High Officers, both at the Capital and in the Provinces, under the term 'Communication' [chinese characters]. The Subordinate British Officers and Chinese High Officers in the Provinces under the terms 'Statement' [chinese characters] on the part of the former, and on the part of the latter ' Declaration ' [chinese characters], and the Subordinates of both Countries on a footing of perfect equality. Merchants and others not holding official situations and, therefore, not included in the above, on both sides, to use the term ' Representation ' [chinese characters] in all Papers addressed to, or intended for the notice of the respective Governments.
ARTICLE XII.
On the assent of the Emperor of China to this Treaty being received and the discharge of the first instalment of money, Her Britannic Majesty's Forces will retire from Nanking and the Grand Canal, and will no longer molest or stop the Trade of China. The Military Post at Chinhai will also be withdrawn, but the Islands of Koolangsoo and that of Chusan will continue to be held by Her Majesty's Forces until the money payments, and the arrangements for opening the Ports to British Merchants be completed.
展拓香港界址专条
英国割占中国领土香港岛和九龙以后不久，并未放弃进一步占据中国领土的图谋。1894年中日甲午战争爆发以后，清军节节败退。港英当局认为有机可乘，正式提出展拓界址的主张。1894年11月9日，香港总督威廉·罗便臣以香港“防务安全”为由，向殖民部建议将香港界址展拓到大鹏湾、深圳湾一线，并将隐石岛、横澜、南丫岛和所有距香港3英里以内的海岛割让给英国。他还着重指出：“应当在中国从失败中恢复过来之前，向它强行提出这些要求。”威廉·罗便臣的建议实际上是后来扩界的蓝图。他的建议得到英国巨商的支持。英商遮打在给威廉·罗便臣的信中，曾以种种“理由”鼓吹扩界。他还说：50年后、甚至20年后，中国就可能成为充分武装的强国。扩界的事“机不可失”，“要干，现在就干”。
1895年5月，英国海陆军联合委员会发表《关于香港殖民地边界的报告》，再次提出扩界要求，并立即得到陆海军大臣赞同。
同年8月1日“吉田教案”发生后，港督威廉·罗便臣、香港总商会、英商中华社会及其香港分会喧嚣一时，要求趁机向中国提出开放西江和展拓香港界址等要求。
1897年冬，德俄两国先后出兵强占胶州湾和旅大，次年3月又强迫清政府签约租让。英法两国也投入了这一瓜分狂潮。1898年3月7日，法国向清政府提出了租借广州湾的要求。3月17日，英国驻华公使窦纳乐向英国首相索尔兹伯里报告说：法国已要求总理衙门保证将云南、贵州、广西、广东作为法国的势力范围。如果此项要求得逞，未来展拓香港界址将不可能实现。英国政府闻讯，决定以法国租借广州湾为借口，向清政府提出展拓香港界址的要求，并于3月28日向窦纳乐发出指示：要求总理衙门作出保证，如果法国租借广州湾，英国随时可以要求展拓香港界址。
几乎与此同时，英国向清政府提出了租借威海卫的要求。清政府对此不敢加以拒绝，但恳求英国不再提出其他领土要求。窦纳乐却强硬的表示，如果法国占南海口岸，英国必须另索取一处。
1898年4月2日，中英双方就香港扩界问题在总理衙门开始谈判。窦纳乐一开始即对清朝总理衙门大臣奕讠斤宣称：“香港殖民地不满足于它目前的界限，希望展拓界址”，“以为保卫香港之计”。次日，总理衙门大臣李鸿章会见窦纳乐，向他表示：“如果展拓范围不大”，可以“同意”。4月24日，窦纳乐根据英国外交部的指示，向李鸿章等出示展拓界址范围的地图，将大鹏湾到深圳湾一线以南、包括九龙城及许多岛屿在内的大片土地及水域，皆划入拓界的范围之内。李鸿章等没有料到英国胃口如此之大，坚决加以拒绝。窦纳乐要他们与德国租界的胶州湾和俄国租界的旅大相比较。李鸿章说，中国已经同意将威海卫租给英国。窦纳乐则强词夺理说，订租威海卫对中国也有利。李鸿章等屈从于压力，不再争辩，但坚决反对英国占领九龙城，理由是该处设有中国衙门。
5月19日，窦纳乐携带他一手拟就的中英《展拓香港界址专条》前来谈判。李鸿章等阅后表示同意，仅提出加上“九龙到新安陆路，中国官民照常行走”，“遇有两国交犯之事，仍照中英原约香港章程办理”两句话。至此，双方就拓界问题已达成协议。但因英国政府对谈判结果感到不满足，《专条》并未马上签订。5月25日，窦纳乐根据英国政府指示再次与总理衙门会谈，要求修改前议展拓香港界址的范围。其中最重要的是将东面界限由东经114°26′扩大至东经114°30′，使整个大鹏湾划归英国控制。英国在最后关头迫使中国做出额外让步。
6月5日，李鸿章提出，英国不得在此租借地修筑炮台。窦纳乐竟拍案咆哮反对。李鸿章听罢忍气吞声，无可奈何。
6月6日，总理衙门将中英《展拓香港界址专条》呈交光绪皇帝，请求批准画押，并且辩解说：“展拓界址与另占口岸不同，允议暂租专条尚可操纵由我。”
1898年6月9日，中英《展拓香港界址专条》在北京签字。中方签字代表是李鸿章、许应马癸，英方签字代表是窦纳乐。《专条》有中英两种文本，其内容如下：
“溯查多年来，素悉香港一处非展拓界址不足以资保卫。今中、英两国政府议定大略，按照粘附地图展拓英界，作为新租之地。其所定详细界线，应俟两国派员勘明后，再行画定，以99年为限期。又议定：所有现在九龙城内驻扎之中国官员，仍可在城内各司其事，惟不得与保卫香港之武备有所妨碍。其余新租之地，专归英国管辖。至九龙向通新安陆路，中国官民照常行走。又议定：仍留附近九龙城原旧码头一区，以便中国兵、商各船、渡艇任便往来停泊，且便城内官民任便行走。将来中国建造铁路至九龙英国管辖之界，临时商办。又议定：在所展界内，不可将居民迫令迁移，产业入官。若因修建衙署、筑造炮台等官工需用地段，皆应从公给价。自开办后，遇有两国交犯之事，仍照中英原约香港章程办理。查按照粘附地图，所租与英国之地内有大鹏湾、深圳湾水面，惟议定该两湾中国兵船，无论在局内或局外，仍可享用。”
《专条》规定，该约画押后，应于7月1日“开办施行”。
通过《专条》的签订，英国强租了沙头角海至深圳湾最短距离直线以南、界限街以北广大地区、附近大小岛屿235个以及大鹏湾、深圳湾水域，为期99年。此次“租借”，陆地面积达975．1平方公里，较原香港行政区扩大约11倍，水域较前扩大四五十倍。这些被强租的中国领土和领水后被称为香港“新界”，约占广州府新安县面积的2／3。
《展拓香港界址专条》的不平等性质昭然若揭。香港大学的法律专家史维理教授在《不平等条约（1898—1997）：中国、英国与香港新界》一书中认为：“1898年的北京条约（指《展拓香港界址专条》）是一个不平等条约。所以这样评价，是因为只有一方从中得到好处。中国暂时丧失了土地，但没有得到补偿。再者，在起草条约时，缔约双方并非处于平等谈判地位。”
次年3月19日，港英当局强迫清朝地方官员在香港签订了《香港英新租借合同》。该合同违背《展拓香港界址专条》粘附地图有关“新界”北部陆界的规定，完全控制了那条在地图上没有全部包括在英国租借地内的深圳河。
英国侵占香港岛和九龙实际上主要是在两次鸦片战争的过程中用军事手段实现的，经历了大大小小多次刀光剑影的厮杀。英国租借“新界”却未派一兵一卒，仅凭英国驻华公使窦纳乐的外交讹诈，即将面积更大的中国领土和领海置于英国的殖民统治之下。
英国在50多年内，逐步扩大侵占香港地区范围，是中国社会一步步陷入半封建、半殖民地深渊的明证。我们永远不应该忘记这一段沉甸甸的历史。