2014年考研英语真题解析之排序题
2014-01-04 23:38阅读：
2014年考研英语真题解析之排序题
武汉新东方国内部 刘琦
今年的新题型正如之前预测的确实考查了排序题，希望我12月7日发的专门针对排序题解题方法的那篇长微博能够多少对大家有点裨益。当然，本文将延续12月7日所发长微博中的解题思路，来看看如何应对今年的排序真题。
首先，不可规避的依然是宏观文章结构问题。根据之前所述，考研文章较为常见的文章结构为：
1）问题解决型文章
该类文章行文逻辑为：提出问题---分析问题---解决问题
2）观点争论型
该类文章行文逻辑为：他人/错误/旧的观点----自己的/正确的/新的观点---证明自己的观点
3）总---分
2014年的真题文章是个较为典型的总---分结构文章。因此本文在第一段的确定方面显得尤为重要。
本文的第一段结合已给定位置的A段首句可知，定是围绕archaeological
sites展开。排除已给定的AE两段，剩下的BCDFG段中，B段开头的In another
case，F段开头的however导致该两段的排除。DG首句围绕survey展开，只有C段尾句的archaeological
sites与A段首句对应，根据首尾承接原则， 41题的C确定。
确定首段后，再看42题，处于AE两段中间的42题承上（A）启下（E）的作用，AE两段共同点在于archaeological
sites，剩下段落中只有F段首探讨该词组，故42题F确定。D段的in one case，B段一开头的in another
case使得DB这种排序已然确定。接下来，只需确定43题即可。E段尾句的Aerial
surveys（空中测量）与G段首句的Ground
surveys（地面测量）是对并列结构词，代表测量的两种方式。故43题G确定。从而最终确定排序答案。
附今年真题原文并参考答案，供同学们参考。
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For
Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs
into a coherent text by choosing from the list A
-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A and E
have been correctly placed Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET
(10 points)
[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily
observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, the
pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in
southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most
archaeological sites have been located by means of careful
searching, while many others have been discovered by accident.
Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a
butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911.
Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of
the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.
[B]In another case, American archaeologists Rene Million and
George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city
of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico
City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest
human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the
city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of
simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.
[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are
looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the
ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations
on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield
useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become
important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain
archaeological sites.
[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire
landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the
ancient Maya city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of
small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial
photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement
maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population
around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when
Copan collapsed.
[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on
systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools
and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of
radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or
spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath
the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of
interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or
fields.
[F] Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by
archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can
take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb
of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found
in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the
Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the
late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evan combed antique
dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny
engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that
dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s
interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the
Minoan palace at Knossos (Knossós) on the island of Crete, in
1900.
[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places
where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of
walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of
pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for
buried materials at selected points across a landscape.
Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such
technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal
detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and
the landscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are
helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look,
and presenting the results of archaeological research.
41 -- A --42 --E –43 -- 44
-- 45
参考答案： C F G D B
