英语中的倒装和满足倒装的条件（附练习及答案）
2010-10-15 23:10阅读：
英语句子的顺序和汉语类似都是主语在前，谓语在后
a. The boy came in.
b. In came the
boy
a. I will never forget that day .
b. Never will
I forget that day.
a. We can succeed only by hard
work.
b. Only by hard work can we succeed.
五大句型： 主语+谓语
倒装的意义:强调突出某一部分或保持句子的平衡结构
倒装分为:
①全部倒装(结构:谓语动词/be+主语)
②部分倒装
(助动词/情态动词/be+主语+谓语
)
一：全部倒装
是指整个谓语放到主语的前面，即谓语在前，主语在后。有下列几种：
1)状语+谓语(必须是vi.)+主语(必须是n.)
地点状语 here/there/in front
of…
方向状语away/in/out/down/up/off…
时间状语now/then/next/thus(这样)
Eg: A good many buildings stand
there.
There are/stand a good many
buildings.
There goes the bell!
Away went the girl.
Now comes our monitor.
Thus ended the meeting.
Here we are.
(2)表语+系动词+主语(n.)
Eg: Among the speakers was China's then Premier Zhu
Rongji.
Present at the meeting was
Mr. Wang.
Fastened to the pole was the
national flag.
*注意：（1）在此句式中全倒装必须符合三个条件：
1. 表示时间、地点或方向的副词位于句首
2. 名词作主语 3.
谓语为不及物动词且时态为一般现在时或过去时。
（2）主语是人称代词时不倒装。
Here it is.
Away he went.
二：部分倒装
即将谓语的一部分（如情态动词/助动词）提到主语之前。是倒装句的重点，也是高考考查的热点之一。部分倒装主要有以下几种情况：
1． 在疑问句中：
What does your father do?
How are you? Would you like a
cup of tea or a beer?
2. only +状语在句首
Only then did I realize that I was
wrong.
Only when the war was over in 1918
was he able to get happily back to work.
注意：如果only 后没有状语即使在句首也不倒装，或Only修饰状语位于句末亦不倒装。 例如：
Only a doctor can do it.
You can do it successfully only in this way.
3. 否定副词在句首。这类副词主要有：hardly, seldom, little,
not , not, neither, not only， no sooner…than,
hardly/scarcely …when, at no time 等。
Little does he care about
what others think.
Not a single mistake did he
make. Never shall I forget it.
Not until he came back did I
leave.
At no time should you leave
your post.
Hardly had I reached home
than it began to rain.
注意：此类倒装中尤其要注意
not until
的倒装情况：until所在部分不倒装。
Hardly/Scarcely…when ,No sooner
…than…句式中主从句的时态问题：hardly/scarcely/no sooner 所 在部分用过去完成时，when/than
后的句子用过去时。
4. 由so/neither/nor
引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或东西）.
She is a teacher. So is her
brother. You can’t drive. Neither /Nor can I
.
注意：如果是重复相同的意思，不倒装。例如：
---It was cold
yesterday.
---So it
was.
此类句式和下列句式的区别：
If you (don’t) go there,
(neither/nor)/so will/shall I.
5. so …that 句型，如果so 在句首。
So loudly did he speak that
even people in the next room could hear him.
So shallow was the water that
there were no fish in the lake.
注意本句式是so 所在的句子部分倒装，that 后的句子不倒装。
6. 一些表示祝愿的句子。
May you succeed!
May you all be happy!
Long live the Party!
7. 省略了if 的虚拟条件句。
Had I been informed earlier,
I could have done something.=If I had been informed…
Should anyone call, tell him
to wait for me here.=If anyone should call, …
Were I not busy with my
present work, I would be quite willing to do what you asked me
to.
=If I were not busy…
8.
注意下面的几种情况：类似倒装或称之为“伪倒装”：只把表语、宾语、状语提至句首。这类情况既不是全倒装，也不同于部分倒装，只把主语、表语、状语提到句首，谓语动词并不倒装。
(1) as 引导的让步状语从句
Child as he is, he is very
brave. Young as he is, he knows a
lot.
(2) however与no matter how
引导的让步状语从句
However great the difficulty
may be, we won’t lose heart.
= No matter how great the …
(3) 感叹句：
What a warm welcome they
received! How fast he ran!
(4) the more…the more…
The farther away a thing is,
the smaller it looks.
【随堂练】
1.--I used to smoke a lot.
--__________.
A.So did I
B. So do I C. So used I
D. So I
did
2.--You forgot your purse when you went out.
--Good heavens, __________.
A.so did I
B.so I did
C. I did so D. I so
did
3.--David has made great progress recently.
--_______ and _______.
A. So he has; so you have
B. So he has; so have
you
C. So he has; so do you
D. So has he; so you have
4. If Bob’s wife doesn’t agree to sign the
papers, _____.
A. neither he will
B. neither does
he
C. nor will he
D. he won’t neither
5. ___ snacks and drink, but they also brought cards for
entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
(04上海)
A. Not only they brought
B. Not only did they
bring
C. Not only brought they
D. Not only they did
bring
6. Not only ___ interested in football but ___
beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is, all his
students are
B. the teacher himself is, are
all his students
C. is the teacher himself, are
all his students
D. is the teacher himself, all
his students are
7. Not until all the fish died in the river ___ how serious
the pollution was.
A. the villagers did realize
B. the villagers realized
C. did the villagers realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize
8. Only when the war was over ___ to his
hometown.
A. did the young soldier return
B. the young soldier
returned
C. returned the young soldier
D. the young soldier
did return
ＫＥＹＳ： ＡＢ B
Ｃ ＢＤＣＡ
[课后练习]
1. Unsatisfied ___ with the payment, he took the job
just to get some work experience.
A. though was he
B. though he was
C. he was though D.
was he though
2. The computer was used in teaching. As a
result, not only ___, but students became more
interested in the lesson.
A. saved was teachers’ energy
B.
was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved
D. was saved
teachers’ energy.
3. Not until the motorbike looked almost new___
repairing and cleaning it.
A.he stopped
B. did he stop
C. stopped he
D. he did stop
4. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,
____.
A. he will either B.
neither will he
C. he neither will
