什么是普洱茶 What is Pu’er tea?
2007-09-14 13:58阅读：
I. Definition
普洱茶是以云南省一定区域内的云南大叶种晒青毛茶为原料，经过后发酵加工而成的散茶和紧压茶。其外形色泽褐红，内质汤色红浓明亮，香气独特陈香，滋味醇厚回甘，叶底褐红。
Pu’er tea is a loose tea and compressed tea made of Shaiqingmao tea
leaves of Yunnan big leaves species in the certain area of Yunnan
province by fermenting process. Pu’er tea leaves has a brown and
red color shape, Pu’er tea soup is clear with red color, has a
special fragrant smell and pure and sweet flavor.
（一）普洱茶定义的内含
II. Signification of Pu’er tea definition
1．普洱茶的产地是云南境内的一定区域
历史上普洱茶的产地是指思茅、西双版纳等地，即古普洱府所辖地区。现在普洱茶的定义里所指的“一定区域”是指西双版纳、思茅、临沧、保山等大叶种茶树分布地区，即澜沧江流域。
1.
The producing area of
Pu’er tea is the certain areas in Yunnan province.
The producing area of Pu’er tea in history refers Simao,
Xishuangbanna areas
and so on, namely the areas ruled by ancient Pu’er government
office. The certain areas defined in current Pu’er tea definition
refers the distribution area of big leaves tea tree, such as
Xishuangbanna, Simao, Lingcang, Baoshan and so on, namely Lancang
river area.
2．云南大叶种鲜叶制成的晒青毛茶为原料
云南大叶种以外的其它品种（包括生长在云南的中、小叶茶树品种）制成的茶不是定义上的普洱茶。原料只能是晒青毛茶，烘青、炒青为“茶胚”制成的产品亦不属于“普洱茶”的范畴。
2.
Material is Shaiqingmao
tea leaves made of fresh leaves of Yunnan big leaves species.
The tea made of the other species besides Yunnan big leaves species
(including middle, small leaves species growing in Yunnan) is not
the defined Pu’er tea. The tea made of tea embryo of Hongqing,
Chaoqing doesn’t belong to range of Pu’er tea, and only Shaiqing
tea material does it.
3．普洱茶是后发酵茶
普洱茶需经后发酵（自然后发酵或人工后发酵）才得其真味，这也是业界“喝熟茶，藏生茶，品老茶”说法的内在原因。
3.
Pu’er tea is a ferment
tea
We can enjoy the real taste of Pu’er tea after it is fermented
(natural ferment or manpower ferment), this is the inner reason for
saying that “drink mature tea, hide fresh tea, taste old
tea”.
4．普洱茶分散茶和紧压茶两种形态
普洱茶具有独特的外形，除散茶外，紧压成型的普洱茶有各种形状，从外形上看，可将紧压茶分为饼茶（亦称七子饼茶，圆茶）、砖茶、沱茶、紧茶（亦称蘑菇沱）等。
4.
There are two forms of
Pu’er tea—loose tea and compressed tea
Pu’er tea bear a special shape, except loose tea, the formed Pu’er
tea has various shapes, according to it shape, the compressed tea
have following shapes, such as plate tea(round tea), brick tea, tea
top, pressing tea(mushroom) and so on.
（三）普洱茶的生长环境
澜仓江中下游是
古今普洱茶的原产地及集散地，这一带年平均温度17゜C～22゜C，年降雨量在1200～1800毫米，土壤PH值为4～6，属亚热带湿润气候类型。在这种海拔差异大、日光充足、雨量充沛的地方十分适宜茶树的生长，该地区是世界公认的茶树源产地及基因库，也是世界最宜茶区之一。
普洱是云南的一个地名，旧时称为“普洱府”——西南地区较大的茶叶集散地。在世界茶树发源地的西双版纳和思茅地区，生长着茂密的原始热带雨林，那里终年云雾缭绕，雨量充沛，日照充足，土壤中的有机质含量丰富，保水透气性好，是高等植物生长的最佳环境，这里也是普洱茶的主要产区。
(III) Growth environment of the Pu'er tea
The midstream and downstream of The Lanchuang river is the original
producing area and distributing area of Pu'er tea at all times, the
annual average temperature in this region is about 17℃- 22℃, and
the annual capacity of rainfall is 1200- 1800mm, soil PH value is
4-6, which belongs to the subtropical moist type climate. This
region where has big diversity of sea level, sufficient sunlight,
plentiful rainfall is very suitable for growth of Pu’er tea, this
region is universally acknowledged as the producing area and the
gene storage of tea tree, as well as one of the best areas where is
suitable for tea tree.
Pu'er is the name of a place of Yunnan, called “the office of Pu'er
“in old times –a larger tea distributing centre in the southwest.
As the world tea tree original area, Xishuangbanna and Simao areas,
growing the dense primitive tropical rain forest, having the cloud
and mist curling up perennially there and a plentiful rainfall, a
sufficient sunlight, and a abundant organic substance in the soil,
as well having a good water-protected and ventilate performance,
are the best environment for higher plant growth as well as the
main producing region of the Pu'er tea.v
