2012年考研英语(一)新题型7选5答案解析
2012-01-07 23:16阅读:
How computers
can cure cultural diabetes
Think of those fleeting moments when you
look out of an aero-plane window and realize that you are flying,
higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than a
brown-paper envelope, or your cell-phone in the palm of your hand.
Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky
inheritor of a dream come true.
The second half of the 20th century saw a
collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs
and visionaries labor to create a fabulous machine that
could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and
theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the
mai
l as well as the mail carrier. 41. Not only did they
develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had
also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions
of people every day.
41. 选[C];
理由是上文提到一些人士,比如天才geniuses,
武士warriors,
企业家entrepreneurs
and 翻唱组合(visionaries)
等发明了一台神奇的机器(create a fabulous
machine, 后面又提到这些机器的例子。【C】选项中出现了关键的代词they,它用来指代前面提到的一些人名,谓语代词develop such a
device属于同义词替换来达到主题一致这一重要原则。
The networked computer is an
amazing device, the first media machine that serves as the mode of
production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can
upload stuff to the network), site of reception (you can download
stuff and interact with it), and locus of praise and critique (you
can talk about the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). The
computer is the 21st century's culture machine.
But for all the reasons
there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with
caution. 42. This is because the networked computer has
sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading - between
passive consumption and active creation - whose outcome will shape
our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine. I call
it a secret war for two reasons. First, most people do not
realize that there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep
them in passive consumption mode. Second, the majority of people
who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the
significance of what they are doing.
42. 选[D],主要理由是整个段落是在分析原因。第一句讲到有理由来庆祝电脑带来的好处(即上一段提到的好处),但我们必须也要谨慎小心(tread with
caution),因此作者在这一段是要转折其对电脑的态度了。接下来这句话I call it a secret
war很重要,说明这一句前面应该提到这些关键词a secret
war,
最后作者列出了其中的两个理由。解题关键:转折关系;关键词重复;代词指代。
All animals download, but only a few upload
anything besides faces and their own bodies. Beavers build dams,
birds make nests and termites create mounds, yet for the most part,
the animal kingdom moves through the world downloading. Humans are
unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn
around and use them to create superfluous material goods -
paintings, sculpture and architecture - and superfluous experiences
- music, literature, religion and philosophy. 43. Of course,
it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture
and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming
culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond
downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of
humanity.
43. 选[A]。上文提到动物和人的一些区别特征,[A]选项里刚好有these
superfluous things
这些指示代词来指代前面提到的这些东西,所以这个选项也恰好是对前面的句子内容在总结归纳。
For all the possibilities of our new culture
machines, most people are still stuck in download mode. Even after
the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of production
remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a
slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and
a huge percentage remaining content to just consume. 44. One
reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that
for the past half-century, much of the world's media culture has
been defined by a single medium - television - and television is
defined by downloading.
44. 选[F],是在分析原因,选项中出现了关键词重复pyramid of
production,和选项[D]构成强烈的干扰,但是一比较我们发现,尽管都是在说原因,但是原因离得关键名词不同,选项[D]的关键词是computer(电脑),也就是主题词不同,属于主题词要一致的做题依据。
Television is a one-way spigot gushing into our
homes. The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn
the power off after they have turned it on. 45. The
networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse
the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more
importantly, meaningful uploading.
45. 选[G],networked
computer和上文的TV构成转折关系(Reverse the
flow)。
What counts as meaningful
uploading? My definition revolves around the concept of
'stickiness' - creations and experiences to which others adhere.