历年十二校联考阅读理解(2017-2)
2020-01-11 08:21阅读：
历年十二校联考阅读理解(2017-2)
2017-2
阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Hidden London: the city’s lesser known delights Dulwich
Picture Gallery
As much an excuse to enjoy the village charms of Dulwich
Village as to admire some delicate European masterworks, this
gallery is a southeast London charmer, which was founded in 1811.
Join a free guided tour to the permanent collection ( 3 pm Saturday
and Sunday), catch the latest temporary exhibition and admire the
lovely garden (open 1:30 pm to 3:30 pm Tuesdays)
Where: Gallery RD SE21 7AD
Train: West Dulwich
Temple Church
Featuring in the novel The Da Vinci Code and dating
back to the late 12th century, this is one of London’s
oldest and holiest medieval treasures. Built by the Knights
Templar, the church is divided into the Round ---- which contains
the statues of crusading knights, who tried to recover the Holy
Land from the Muslims in the Middle Ages and the Chancel, where the
priests and singers performing in church services sit.
Where: Temple EC4Y 7DE
Underground; Temple or Blackfriars
Chelsea Physics Garden
Endlessly satisfying the green-fingered, the plain curious or those
eager to discover botanical interests in central London, this
delightful walled garden was founded by the Apothecaries’ Society
in the 17th century and is one of the oldest botanical
gardens in London.
Where: 66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS
Underground: Sloane Square
Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art
Built between 1953 and 1958, the Estorick is Britain’s only gallery
devoted to Italian art. It draws together a fascinating collection
of Futurist masterpieces from Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla,
Carlo Carra and others, who emphasized the importance of modern
things, especially technology and machines.
Where: 39a Canonbury Sq N1 2AN
Underground: Highbury & Islington
36. When can you follow a free guide to visit Dulwich Picture
Gallery?
A. 3 pm on Sunday.
B.
3:30 pm on Tuesday.
C. 1:30 pm on Tuesday.
D.
1:30 pm on Saturday.
37. Which of the following has the longest
history?
A. Dulwich Picture Gallery.
B.
Temple Church.
C. Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art.
D. Chelsea Physics Garden.
38. Where should you go if you have an interest in
plants?
A. Gallery Rd SE21 7AD
B. Temple EC4Y
7DE
C. 66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS
D. 39a Canonbury Sq N1 2AN
39. If you want to enjoy Italian art, you may get off at
________.
A. West Dulwich
B. Blackfriars
C. Sloane Square
D. Highbury
40. In which part of a newspaper can you read the
text?
A. Nature.
B. Society.
C. Travel.
D.
Lifestyle.
B
The new study shows that we
spend more time using the mobile Internet than reading newspapers
or magazines. According to the European Interactive Advertising
Association (ELAA), the average European spends 4.8 hours reading
newspapers and magazines but 1.6 hours more using the mobile
Internet a week.
The EIAA questioned 15,000
people in 15 European countries, looking at how people are using
the Internet and its influence on their everyday lives. It has
found that the mobile Internet is increasingly finding its way into
the public awareness. Over 71 million Europeans now have Internet
access on their mobiles phones. In the UK, 10 million people now
access the Internet through their mobile phones and spend 6.3 hours
doing so in a week.
Unsurprisingly younger
generations in the UK are leading the way, with nearly half of the
country’s 16-to-24-year-olds and a quarter of 25-to-34-year-olds
using the mobile Internet, spending 6.5 and 6.2 hours online each
week.
Entertainment plays a major role
in our mobile Internet lives, with one in five British people using
their phones for online games, a third listening to the online
radio and 39 percent watching films, TV or other videos at least
once a week. One third of those using an Internet phone said they
received videos, images or other multimedia on their mobile, and 61
percent said they passed on contents they received.
From a communication point of
view, 80 percent of those questioned agreed that the Internet had
made it easier for them to stay in touch with friends and
family.
Alison
Fennah, director of the EIAA, said the mobile Internet use had come
to the point that marketers should be looking to develop strategies
that connect with consumers more effectively. “Better devices as
well as improved consumer motivation that start coming together in
2011 can make a great difference to extending the online
experience,” Fennah said.
41. How long does a European spend on the mobile Internet per
week according to the EIAA?
A. 6.2 hours.
B. 6.4 hours.
C. 4.8 hours.
D. 1.6 hours.
42. What do the words “doing so” mean in Paragraph 2 refer
to?
A. Reading papers and magazines.
B.
Playing computer games.
C. Watching films online.
D. Using the mobile
Internet.
43. What do people mainly use the mobile Internet
for?
A. Communication.
B. Study.
C. Amusement.
D.
Advertising.
44. It can be known from the passage that
________.
A. more than half of the young people in
the UK use the mobile Internet
B. the Internet is the most effective
way to stay in touch with friends and family.
C. the UK has the largest number
of people who use the mobile Internet in Europe.
D. better
devices and improved consumer motivation help extend the online
experience.
45. The author wrote the passage to tell us ________
.
A. how to use mobile phones to surf the
Internet
B. newspapers and magazines will
disappear soon
C. mobile surfing now is more popular
than reading
D. how the Internet influences our daily life
C
Most people will experience at least one wrong medical
diagnosis in their lifetime, resulting in health problems,
psychological suffering and financial cost, according to a new
report. Because diagnostic errors are generally discovered in
retrospect (回顾), researchers said more
work needs to be done to improve medical teams and find ways to
avoid errors that can change people’s life in the distant
future.
“Diagnosis is a collective effort that often involves a team
of health care professionals----from primary care physicians to
nurses,” said John Ball, chair of the committee which wrote the
report. “The type of a single physician observing a patient case
and deciding a diagnosis is not always accurate, and a diagnostic
error is not always due to human errors. Therefore, to make it
possible to reduce diagnostic errors, we have to look more broadly
at the entire process of how a diagnosis is made.”
The researchers said there are not enough data on diagnostic
errors, and efforts to improve diagnosis and reduce errors have not
been frequent. The medical culture discourages transparency and
makes it more difficult to correct them. The blame lies in
cooperation and communication between members of medical teams
treating patients, patients themselves, and their families. Besides
this, researchers found the healthcare system is not designed for
the collaboration needed in the diagnostic process and that
diagnosis will continue to worsen if new ideas are not put
forward.
The committee recommended more information, from electronic
health records to test results, be made more easily available to
families and caregivers, to help them better learn and understand
what is going on with their health. Creating an environment for
patients to question a diagnosis or add information about their
condition could also help better influence diagnosis.
Most significantly, the researchers said methods need to be
established to make communication between doctors and patients
easier. Doctors currently are not encouraged or paid to communicate
with patients as much as they should be.
46. It can be inferred from the new report that
_________.
A. diagnostic errors have a
great influence on people
B. new ways are found to avoid
diagnostic errors
C. nobody can avoid those
diagnostic errors
D. diagnostic errors are
difficult to be found
47. Why does the medical culture make the correction of
diagnostic errors so difficult ?
A. For lack of advanced
technological equipment.
B. For lack of strict rules of
managing the medical environment.
C. For lack of enough
professional knowledge about medicinal treatment.
D. For lack of cooperation and
communication between physicians , patients and
their families.
48. What does Para. 4 mainly talk about ?
A. Researches on the diagnostic
process
B. New ways to better protect
patients
C. Advice on reducing diagnostic
errors
D. Communication between
patients and doctors
49. Why is communication between doctors and patients not
much ?
A. Because of the different
belief
B. Because of the medical
situation
C. Because of being short of
money
D. Because of the current
rules
50. The passage most probably comes
from__________.
A. a hospital advertisement
B. a science book
C. a medical magazine
D. a research report
D
Great white sharks, the world’s largest predatory
(食肉的) fish, eat three to four times more
food than previously thought, an Australian study
shows.
The U.S. research from the 1980s estimated a meal of 30
kilograms could make a one-ton shark continue living for more than
six weeks.
That made assumptions that large sharks could survive long
periods without eating.
However, a University of Tasmania-led study published this
week in Scientific Reports found that 30kg was only enough for
12-15 days.
Researchers tagged
(给…….附上标签) a
dozen great white sharks at Neptune Islands off South Australia and
calculated their metabolic (新陈代谢的) rate
based on swimming speeds. They worked out how much energy the
sharks burned and how much food they required.
“Their metabolic rate is faster than we
assumed.”
Jayson Semmens was the lead author on the study. He said,
“They (U.S. researchers) picked a shark that probably wasn’t
working very hard at the time when they did it. At the time it was
a new study. They did some metabolic work similar to us but on one
shark.”
“The white sharks, which we tagged, are working pretty hard…
they’re coming up to some pretty high speed to catch the seals,” he
said, “Their metabolic rate is much faster than what we had
assumed. These animals are probably going to be feeding every day,
rather than several weeks.”
The research also sought to improve understanding of how
sharks fit into the ocean ecosystem.
“We don’t have a good handle on the population sizes of white
sharks. We know that sharks in general are under pressure around
the world from overfishing,” Semmens said, “Furthermore, they’re
long-lived, they reproduce late in their life and they produce a
small number of babies.”
Semmens said the effects of removing white sharks from the
ocean were thus far more important than realized. “They’re keeping
under control a lot more animals than we thought,” he said.
51.
The U.S. research made people believe that
___________.
A. large sharks could live without eating meat
B. sharks gained several kilograms in six weeks
C. a one-ton shark needed to eat 30 kg every
meal
D. large sharks could live without eating for several
weeks
52.
What is Semmens’ attitude towards U.S. researchers’ job?
________
A. Uninterested B.
Surprised C. Objective
D. Satisfied
53. The sharks’ metabolic rate calculated by the two research
groups is different probably because ___________.
A. they used
different research methods
B. they
studied sharks of different sizes
C. the
sharks they used for research were of different
species
D. the
sharks they used for research swam at different speeds
54. What do you know about white sharks?
___________
A. They play
an important role in ocean ecosystem.
B. They can
produce a large number of babies
C. They swim
more slowly than seals.
D. They live
a short life.
55. The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely
to _________.
A. inform
B. persuade
C. describe
D.
entertain
36. ABCDC 41. BDCDC
46. ADCBC
51. DCDAA
