高二英语人教版选修8名词性从句专题练习
2013-11-25 11:05阅读:
二、名词性从句
1.
主语从句:是在复合句中充当主语的从句,常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
Eg: That the earth turns around the
sun is known to all.
It doesn’t interest
me whether you succeed or not.
(1)提示:①连词that引导主语从句放在句首时,无词义,不作句子成分,但不能省略。
②if引导的主语从句不能放在句首,而whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放句尾。
Eg:If he will succeed is not sure . (x)
Whether it is true remains a question.
(√)
(2)连接代词who, whom, whose, what,
which有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语或定语;
(3)连接副词when, where, why, how有词义,在从句中担任状语。
Eg: ________ we need is more pratice.
我们所需要的是更多的训练。
_________ is here gets a prize.
不管谁来,都能获奖。
__________ I have done is only for you.
我所做的任何事都只是为了你。
_________ team will win the championship is un
certain.
哪支队会获得冠军还是未知数。
_________the meeting will be held hasn’t been decided.
在哪里举行会议还没定下来。
__________he will returned is the most important question.
他什么时候回来是最重要的问题
________they are reducing price does not matter。
他们为什么减价并不重要。
___________you do it is all right with me.
你无论怎样做这件事对我来说都行。
(4)由
it作形式主语的几种情况:
①It+系动词+名词+that从句。(常用的名词有a
fact事实; an honor 荣耀; a wonder
奇迹; good news 好消息; an ashame
遗憾,耻辱; a pity遗憾; no wonder难怪;
common sense常识)。
Eg: 难怪他取得了那么大的进步。
It’s no wonder that he’s made so
much progress.
你昨天没参加讲座真遗憾。__________________you didn’t attend the lecture
yesterday.
②It+系动词+形容词+that从句。(常用的形容词有:important重要的;likely可能的;unlikely不可能的;necessary需要的;natural自然的;strange奇怪的;obvious明显的;clear清晰的;certain明确的;wrong错误的;right正确的)。
Eg: 很可能明天会有一场暴雨。______________________there will be a heavy
rain tomorrow.
真奇怪你竟然喜欢他。____________________you should like him.
③It+不及物动词+that从句(常用的不及物动词有:seem似乎;happen发生,碰巧;seem看上去;显得appear)
Eg: 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。
It happened to me that I had been
away when he called.
你好像不喜欢他。______________________you didn’t like him.
④It+be+过去分词+that从句(常用的过去分词有:reported据报道;decided做出决定;said据说;advised有人建议;believed据信;announced有人宣布;told有人告诉;heard有人听说;hoped有人希望;thought有人认为;suggested有人建议;considered据认为;ordered根据命令;remembered有人记得;worked
out制定出)
Eg: 据说他在国外学习。It is said that he is studying abroad.
据信艾滋病将在未来5年可以被治愈。_________________Aids can be cured in five
years.
提示:以下两句型中,从句用should+动词原形,其中should可省略。
It is necessary/important/strange/natural
that+从句
It
+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required+that+从句
Eg:
It is
necessary that one master
the skills of operating computers.
It was
suggested they ___________ the project the next
month.(start)
2、宾语从句:就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样,但注意
形式宾语的用法。
Eg: I don’t know
which school he is in.
我不知道他在哪所学校。
⑴ find, feel, think, consider, make,
believe动词等后面有宾语补足语时,须用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置,以此来保持句子平衡。
Eg: I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot
water every day.
我认为我们每天多喝水是有必要的。
(2) 有些动词如hate, like, dislike,
appreciate等后跟when或
if引导的宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加 it。
Eg:
I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of
food.。
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
3.
表语从句在句中作表语,位于主句中的
系动词如be之后,表语从句和主语同一内容,它对主语进行解释、说明,是主语的内容具体化。That在引导表语从句时无词义,常省略。
Eg: The trouble
is that she has lost her
money. 麻烦的事是她丢了钱。
提示:(1)主语为名词reason时,表语从句要用that, 不用why。
Eg: 这么严重的交通事故完全是由于司机太粗心、喝酒太多造成的。
The reason for such a serious accident is
that the
driver was too careless and drunk.
(2) 如主句的主语是
idea, advice,suggestion,order,
request,requirement等名词时,则表语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”的形式
eg: My suggestion is that everyone should have his
own dream.
4. 同位语从句:在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。一般由that(无词义,不充当成分),
whether等连词引导, 常位于
fact, news, idea, hope, problem, information,
promise, suggestion, words,
assumption等名词的后面,说明该词的具体内容。(参考三维)
提示:(1)有时可用namely(即), that is to say(也就是说),in other
words(换句话说), that is(那就是), for
example(例如)等引出同位语,说明其前面的名词或代词,例如:
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