复合句——宾语从句专练
2008-01-29 22:42阅读：
复合句——宾语从句专练
一．宾语从句的含义：
在主从复合句中作_________
成分的从句，称为宾语从句，其基本句式为“主句 + 引导词
+宾语从句。”
二． 主句与宾语从句的时态关系
主句与宾语从句的时态关系有以下
三种情况：
1.
若主句用了现在时，则宾语从句可用其所需要的任何时态。例如：
I think he often _________
books. ( read )
我认为他经常读书。
I think he ____________ here tomorrow.
( come) 我认为明天他会来这儿。
He says that they ___________ in Tokyo
yesterday. (arrived )他说他们昨天到达了东京。
I'm sure that Linda ____________ there
before. ( be ) 我确信琳达以前去过那儿。
2. 若主句用了过去时，则宾语从句需用
过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）的某种形式。例如：
He said he ______ right.
( be ) 他说他是正确的。
He said he ___________ TV at
that time. ( watch) 他说在那时他正在看电视。
Tom told me that he ___________
to Mount Tai. ( travel ) 汤姆告诉我他将去泰山旅游。
3. 若宾语从句陈述的是
客观真理、客观事实、科学原理、格言、谚语等，则不受主句时态的限制，通常用 一般现在时。例如：
The teacher told us that the earth
________ round the sun.( move) 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
He said one and one _______ two.
( be) 他说一加一等于二。
即学即用
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
① Yesterday our physics teacher
________ (tell) us that light _____ (travel) much faster than
sound.
② My brother said he ___________
(post) that letter already.
③ He says his parents __________
(leave) for France three days ago.
三． 宾语从句由哪些连词引导？ 宾语从句通常由以下连词所引导：
1.
由_________引导时，它无实义，常省略。例如：
She says ________ she will leave a
message. 她说她将留言。
2.
由____或________
引导。其意义是_______
例如：
He asked me if/whether I could
speak English. 他问我是否会说英语。
I wonder if/whether he is a
teacher. 我想知道他是否是一名教师。
3.
由连接代词（what, which, who,
whom, whose）或连接副词（how, where, when,
why）引导的宾语从句。例如：
I can't understand _________
you said. 我不能理解你说的话。
He wanted to know __________
the building would be set up. 他想知道这座楼房何时建成。
即学即用
选择正确答案填空。
① I don't know ___ Tom will go or not.
A. what B. whether C. how D.
where
② I wonder ____ they'll come here with
tomorrow. A. whether B. when C. who D.
how
③ He said ____ his friends asked him
to the party. A. that B. if C. where D.
who
四．应用宾语从句需注意哪些方面？
1.
宾语从句的否定转移
若“I (We) think / believe / suppose /
guess +
宾语从句。”这一结构中的宾语从句需要否定时，则否定形式需转移到主句的谓语；若主句的谓语是除think, believe, suppose, guess
之外的其它动词，宾语从句需否定时，否定形式不能转移到主句的谓语, 直接否定宾语从句的谓语。例如：
I don't think
he's been abroad. 我认为他没出过国。
We all know that he isn't a
teacher. 我们都知道他不是一名教师。
2．. 反意疑问句的构成
含宾语从句的复合句在构成反意疑问句时，若 主句为I
think / , believe /, suppose /,
guess时，则附加疑问句部分的主语和谓语动词需与宾语从句呼应。若主句不是I
think / , believe / suppose /,
guess时, 则附加疑问句部分的
主语和谓语动词需与主句呼应。例如：
I believe you can pass the maths exam,
can't you? 我相信你数学考试能及格，是不是？
He thinks we missed the early bus,
doesn't he? 他认为我们错过了早班车，是不是？
Kate didn't say that Jim was wrong,
did she? 凯特没说吉姆错了，是吗？
即学即用
选择正确答案填空。
① I don’t
think chickens can swim, ______?
A. do I B can I C. do
they D. can they
② Mary said her mother was a teacher
and _____ her father was a driver.
A. that B. / C. if
D. A or B
按括号内的要求，改写下列句子，每空一词。
③ He hasn't learned this text, I
think. （改为同义句）
I ____ think he ____ learned this
text.
3.如何判断由if和when引导的从句是状语从句还是宾语从句？
[答] 当if作“如果”解时，引导条件状语从句；当if作“是否”解时，引导宾语从句。当when作“当……的时候”解时，引导时间状语从句；当when作“什么时间”解时，引导宾语从句。例如：
I don't know if he will come
tomorrow. 我不知道明天他是否会来。（宾语从句）
If he comes tomorrow, please
tell me. 如果他明天来，请告诉我。 （条件状语从句）
I asked him when the film would
begin. 我问他电影什么时间开始上演。（宾语从句）
You can ask me when you have
some questions. 当你有问题时，你可以问我。（时间状语从句）
即学即用
选择正确的答案填空。
① I don't know if it _____ tomorrow.
If it ____, I won't go to the park.
A. rains; will rain B. will
rain; rains C. rains; rains D. will rain; will
rain
② —— Do you know when he _____ come
next week?
—— Next Friday. When he ____, I'll
ring you.
A. comes; comes B. will come;
will come C. comes; will come D. will come;
comes
4.注意宾语从句，尤其是由连接代词或连接副词
( 特殊疑问词
)
引导的宾语从句必须用陈述句语序
在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都需要“连接词 + 陈述句”的陈述句语序，其标点符号由主句来决定。例如：
Tell me which you want.
告诉我你想要哪一个。
I don't know why you were
late. 我不知道你为什么迟到了。
[注意] 由连接代词作主语的宾语从句，需用“连接代词
+ 谓语 + 其它。”例如：
Do you know who can come here
earliest? 你知道谁能来到这儿最早吗？
I don't know what made him think
so. 我不知道什么使他这样想。
即学即用
选择正确答案填空。
① —— Do you know ____?
—— Next year.
A. when he came here
B. when did he come here
C. when he will come here D.
when will he come here
按括号内的要求，
改写下列句子，每空一词。
② He asked me, 'where do you come
from?' (改为同义句)
He asked me where ____ ____
from.
③ I asked her. What have you done with
the milk? (合并为一个句子)
I asked her what _____ _____ _____
done with the milk.
④ Did you know? Will he go to America?
(合并为一个句子)
Did you know ______ he _____ _____ to
America?
⑤ Could you tell me ____ next
year?
A. where you held the English Summer
Camp
B. where did you hold the English
Summer Camp
C. where you will hold the English
Summer camp
D. where will you hold the English
Su
