[转载]常用词根的小结（二）
2018-08-01 09:04阅读：
“-name-/-nom-/-nym-”: naming（名称；提名；命名）→name; namely; nominal;
nominate; noun; surname; nominal*
“-nat-/-nas-”: to be born（出生，天生）→innate; naïve; nation; national;
nationality; native; natural; nature; pregnant; renaissance
“-nec-”: bind; tie（捆绑；联系）→connect; necessary; annex*
“-neg-/-ny-/-n-”: say “no”（否定；否认）→deny; denial; negate; negative;
no; nor; neither
“-noc-/-nui-”: harm; hurt; injure（伤害）→annoy; innocent; nuisance;
odium; ennui
“-norm-”: rule; pattern（规则；尺度）→abnormal; enormous; norm; normal;
normalization; enormity*
“-note-/-nota-”: mark; sign; indication（标记）→denote; notable; note;
notebook
“-nov-/-new-”: new（新）→innovation; new; news; novel; novelty; renew;
renovate
“-num-”: number（数字）→innumerable; number; numerical; numerous
“-nunc-/-nunti-/-nounce-”: messenger; announce;
report（信息；宣布；报告）→announce; announcement; denounce; pronounce;
pronunciation; renounce*; enunciation*; renunciation*
“-nur-/-nut-”: nouri
sh; feed（滋养；抚育）→nurse; nursery; nurture; nutrition; nurture;
nourish*; malnourished*
“-ole-/-ale-/-ule-” : feed; nourish（成长，滋养）→abolish; adolescent;
adult; coalition; old;（aliment; prolific）
“-opera-”: work（运作）→cooperate; cooperation; cooperative; manoeuvre;
office; opera; operate; operation; operator; operational
“opt ”: choose（选择）→adopt; adopted; adoption; opt; optional
“-ordin-/-order-”: arranging（安排；排列）→coordinate; coordination;
disorder; order; orderly; ordinary; subordinate
“-ore-/-ora-”: pray; speak; say（说话；祈祷；崇拜）→adore; orate;
oration
“-organ-”: implement; work; tool（工具；机体）→organ; organic;
organization; organize; organism
“-ori-”: rise（升起；出现）→arise; arouse; origin; orient; oriental;
orientation; origin; original; originate
“-pact-/-pag-”: fasten; contract（捆绑；收紧）→compact; impact; page;
pact
“-pair-/-pejor-”: worse（使更糟）→impair; pejorative*
“-pal-/-pale-”: pale（惨白）→appall; pale
“-pan-”: bread（面包）→accompany; company; companion
“-pand-”: spread; extend（扩展；发展）→expand; expansion
“-par-/-pare-”①: ready; prepare; bring（准备）→apparatus;
parade; parent; prepare; preparation; repair
“-pare-/-pari-/-pero-/-peri-” ②: equal; order;
place（对等；等级）→compare; comparison; comparable; emperor; empire;
imperative; imperial; pair; peer; separate; several;
disparity*
“-part-/-parc-/-port-”: part; piece; divide（部分；分开）→apart;
apartment; compartment; depart; department; impart; impartial;
parcel; part; partial; participate; particle; particular; partly;
partner; party; patch; portion
“-pace-/-pass-/-pet-”: step（步伐；行走）→compass; pace; pass; passage;
passenger; passerby; passport; past; pastime; surpass;
“-pater-/-patri-”: father（父亲）→patriotic; patron; pattern;
patriarchal*; patriarch*
“-pati-/-pass-/-path-”: suffering; emotion;
feelings（痛苦；情感；感受）→compassion; compatible; impatient; passion;
passive; pathetic; patient; patience; sympathetic; sympathize;
sympathy; repent*
“-pax-/-peace-/-pac-”: peace（和平；安静）→pacific; pay; peace
“-pear-/-par-”: become visible（可见的）→apparent; appear; appearance;
apparently; disappear; transparent
“-ped-/-pes-”: foot（脚；足；行）→expedition; pedal; pedestrian;
impeachment*; impede*
“-pel-/-pul-/-pete-/-peat-”: drive; push; seek（推动；争夺；寻觅）→appetite;
appeal; appealing; compel; compete; competition; competitive;
competitor; competent; compulsory; expel; impetus; perpetual
petition; impulse; propel; pull; pulse; push; repel; unappealing;
repeal*; dispel*; repulse*
“-pend-/-pens-”①: hang（悬挂）→appendix; depend; dependent;
dependence; independence; independent; pendulum; suspend;
perpendicular*
“-pend-/-pens-/-pound-/-pounce-”②:
weigh；pay（掂量；量化；钱财）→compensate; compensation; expend; expenditure;
expensive; indispensable; pension; ponder; pound; spend;
dispensable*
“-spers-/-sperg-”: scatter（散开）→disperse; disperse; sparse
“-peri-/-pers-/-pert-”: prove; proof; peril（证明；证实）→experience;
experiment; experimental; expert
“-peri-”: around; near; about; away（周围；附近；离去）→period; periodical;
perish
“-phant-/-fant-/-fanc-/-pha-”: vision; show（视觉；显现）→fancy; fantasy;
phase; phenomenon
“-pic-/-ping-”: paint（绘，画）→depict; paint; painter; painting;
picture; pine; picturesque*
“-pile-/-pole-”: pack（组合）→compile; pile; pillar; pole; polar
“-plac-/-plea-”: pleasure（快乐）→plea; plead; pleasant; please;
pleasure; complacently*
“-place-”: place（地点；放置）→displace; place; replace
“-plain-/-plang-”: bewail; lament（挽歌）→complain; complaint
“-plan-/-plain-”: flatten; level（平坦）→explain; explanation;
plain
“-plaud-/-plaus-/-plode-”: clap（拍手；鼓掌）→applaud; applause; explode;
plausible
“-ple-/-pli-/-ply-”: fill up（充满）→accomplish; complement; complete;
compliment; comply; implement; plenty; supply; depletion*;
replenish*; replete*
“-plec-/-plic-/-plo-/-ply-”: braid; fold（折叠）→appliance;
application; apply; complex; complicate; complicated; diploma;
diplomatic; display; duplicate; employ; employment; explicit;
exploit; implication; implicit; imply; multiply; perplex; plait;
plight; reply; simple; simplicity; simplify; simply; deploy*;
plait*; pleat*
“-plor-”: weep; cry（哭泣；争夺）→deplore; explore; implore*
“-point-/-punt-”: point（点）→appoint; appointment; punctual
“-pon-/-pos-/-pound-”: put; place（放置；地点）→component; compose;
composite; composition; compound; deposit; disposal; dispose;
disposable; disposition; expose; exposure; impose; opponent;
oppose; opposite; poem; poet; poetry; pose; position; positive;
post; postage; postcard; poster; postman; postpone; posture;
preposition; proposal; propose; proposition; suppose; appose*;
decompose*; potency*; presupposition*; proponent*; repose*
“-pop-/-pub-”: crowd; nation; people（大众；民众）→people; pop; populace;
popular; population; populist; public; publication; publicity;
publish; republic; republican
“-port-”: carry; approach（接近）→import; importance; important;
report; opportunity; port; portable; report; reporter; support;
transport
“-poss-/-pote-”: to be able; to have power（能力；力量）→impossible;
possess; possession; potent; possible; possibility; possibly;
potential; power; powerful; omnipotent*
“-prac-/-prag-”: do; act（做；实践）→practical; practically; practice;
practicality; practitioner; pragmatic
“-pris-/-prehend-/-prehens-”: seize; hold（抓，拿，取；容纳）→comprehend;
comprise; prison; prisoner; surprise; apprehension*
“-press-/-prem-/-prin-”: press; imprint; strike（打击；撞击）→compress;
depress; impress; oppress; press; pressure; print; repression;
suppress; reprimand*
“-prim-/-prem-/-prote-”: first（第一，首要，首先）→premier; primary; prime;
primitive; prince; principal; protein; prototype; pristine*
“-pris-/-prais-/-prec-”: prize; value（奖励；称道；珍惜）→appraise; prize;
appreciate; enterprise; entrepreneur; interpret; praise; prize;
price; premium
“-priv-/-propr-/-proach-/-prope-/-prox-”: one’s own; make one’s
own; single // near（自我，自己；接近）→appropriate; approximate; deprive;
peculiar; proper; property; privacy; private; privilege; //
approach; reproach
“-prov-/-prod-”: profit; beneficial（益处；好处）→improve;
improvement
“-prove-/-prob-”: test; prove（测试；证明）→approve; probability;
probable; proof; prove; probation*
“-pun-/-pen-/-pain-/-poi-”: punish; grief; penalty;
pierce（痛苦；惩罚）→pain; penalty; pen; point; punish; punitive*
“-put-”: think（思考；思索）→computer; computer; deputy; dispute;
repute
“-quali-”: state; nature（所属类别；属性）→qualification; qualify;
qualitative; quality
“-quanti-”: extent; amount（所有数量；多少）→quantity; quantify;
quantitative
“-quart-”: fourth（四分之一）→quart; quarter; quarterly; square
“-quir-/-quis-/-quer-/-quest-”: get; seek（争，夺，抢）→acquire;
acquisition; conquer; conquest; quest; cry; enquire; exquisite;
inquire; inquiry; quarrel; quest; question; questionnaire; request;
require; requirement; quiz; exquisite*; prerequisite*;
querulous*
“-rad-/-rude-”: root; ray（根；散发；放射）→radiant; radiate; radiation;
radical; radio; radius; ray; root; radium*; rude;
rudimentary*
“-range-/-range-/-ray-”: range; put in a row（安排）→arrange; array;
range
“-rap-”: seize; beat（打；夺；抢）→rap; rape; rapid; rapt*; rapture*;
ravage*
“-rat-/-reas-”: thinking; reasoning; calculate（掂量；计算；推理）→rate;
ratio; ration; read; reader; reason; reasonable; reckon
“-rect-/-reg-/-rig-/-roy-/-rex-”: straight; make straight; lead
straight; rule; king（皇帝；规则；命令）→alert; correct; direct; direction;
directly; director; erect; escort; rectangle; rectify; right;
rigorous; upright; realm; regime; region; regular; regulate;
regulation; reign; rich; royal; royalty; rule; ruler
“-relate-”: relation（说法；关联）→correlate; correlation; relation;
relativity; relate; interrelation
“-rest-/-rit-”: stand firm; established; stop（稳健；静止；停止）→arrest;
irritate; rest; restless
“-riv-/-rip-/-rig-”: riverbank; reach the bank;
stream（河流；起源；河畔）→arrive; arrival; derive; rival; irrigate; ripple;
rise; river
“-rod-/-ros-”: gnaw; scrape; shave（啃；磨）→corrode; corrosion;
erosion; rat; razor
“-rogat-”: ask（询问）→arrogate; interrogate
“-roll-/-rot-”: roll; turn（滚动）→control; role; roll; rotate;
rotary
“-rud-”: rush; fall（匆促；下降）→rude; ruins
“-rupt-”: break（打破；破裂）→abrupt; bankrupt; corrupt; disrupt; erupt;
interrupt; route; routine
“-sacer-/-sanc-”: holy（神圣）→sacred; sacrifice; saint; sanction
“-sala-/-salt-/-saus-”: salt（盐）→salad; salary; salt; sauce; saucer;
sausage; saline*
“-salt-/-sult-”: leap（跳跃）→assault; insult; result; resultant
“-salv-/-salu-”: safety（安全）→safe; safety; safeguard; salute;
salvage; save; saving
“-sati-/-satu-”: enough（足够；充足）→asset; satisfy; satisfactory;
satisfied; saturate; sad; satire; satisfaction; satisfactory;
satisfy; saturate; insatiable*
“-scala-/-scend-/-scent-”: ladder（梯子；爬；高）→ascend; ascent; descend;
descendant; descent; transcend; transcendentalist*; escalate;
scale; scan
“-scam-/-shame-”: shame（惭愧）→ashamed; shame
“-sci-”: know（认知）→conscience; conscientious; conscious;
consciousness; science; scientific; scientist;
subconsciously*
“-scrib-/-scrip-”: write; writing（写）→describe; description;
manuscript; prescribe; prescription; script; subscribe;
transcript*; conscription*; scribbler*; scripture*
“-sect-/-sec-/-seg-”: cut（分；离）→insect; intersection; sail; sailor;
saw; sect; section; sector; segment; sex
“-secu-/-sequ-/-sic-”: follow（跟从；随从）→consecutive; consequence;
consequent; consequently; execute; executive; intrinsic; persecute;
prosecute; pursue; pursuit; second; secondary; sequence;
subsequent; sue; suit; suitable; suite; ensue*
“-sem-/-sim-”: bring together（聚合；聚拢）→assemble; assimilate; similar;
simulate; resemblance; resemble; same; seem; similar; simulate;
simultaneous
“-sens-/-sent-/-cens-”: feeling（感受；认知）→census; consensus; consent;
nonsense; resent; scent; sensation; sense; sensible; sensitive;
sentiment; sentence; resentment*; sensory*
“-sere-/-sert-”: join（加入；连接）→assert; desert; exert; insert; serial;
series
“-serv-”①: keep safe; keep; watch（保持；看护）→conserve;
conservation; conservative; observe; preserve; reservation;
reserve; reservoir
“-serv-/-servr-”②: serve; slave（奴隶）→deserve; dessert;
servant; serve; service
“-sess-/-sid-”: sit（处于；座位；坐）→assess; obsess; possess; possession;
preside; president; reside; resident; residence; saddle; seat;
seize; sit; session; set; settle; siege; sit; site; situated;
situation; subsidy; sedative*; subside*; dissident*
“-sid-”: stars（星星）→consider; considerable; considerate;
considerably; consideration
“-sign-”: mark out（标记）→assign; sign; signify; design;
designate
“-sip-/-sup-”: throw（扔；投）→dissipate
“-soci-”: join; an ally; companion（加入；联盟；伙伴）→associate;
association; sociable; social; socialism; society; sociology
“-sole-/-sola-/-solu-”: alone; lonely（孤独）→desolate; sole;
solitary
“-sole-/-soli-/-sil-”: pleasure; strong; firm（强健；稳健）→console;
consolidate; silly; solid; solitary
“-solv-/-solu-”: loose; release; free from debt（松解；放松）→dissolve;
resolute; resolve; resolution; soluble; solution; solve
“-sorb-”: suck in（吸入）→absorb
“-spec-”: individual; species（个体；种类）→especial; especially; special;
specialize; specialist; specialty; specific; species;
specification; specify; spice; spicy
“-spect-/-spi(s)-”: look; sight; watch（看，视力；认知）→aspect;
conspicuous; despise; despite; expect; expectation; inspect;
perspective; prospect; prospective; respect; respective;
retrospect; specimen; spectacle; spectacular; spectator; spectrum;
speculate; spite; spy; suspect; suspicion; suspicious; introspect*;
retrospect*
“-sper-/-spir-”: hope; breathe（呼吸；希望；生灵）→aspire; conspiracy;
despair; expire; inspire; prosper; prosperity; prosperous; speed;
spirit; spiritual
“-spond-”: pledge（保证，誓言，抵押）→correspond; correspondence;
corresponding; respond; response; responsible; responsibility;
sponsor; spouse; responsive*
“-stand-/-stanc-/-star-/-stab-/-state-/-stit-/-sist-”: stand; stay;
set (up); place; establish（成型；保持；树立；构成）→constituent; circumstance;
constitute; constant; destiny; destination; distance; establish;
establishment; estate; instead; institute; institution; obstacle;
rest; stability; stable; stadium; staff; stage; stall; stance;
stand; standard; standpoint; state; statement; statesman; static;
station; stationary; statistics; statistical; statue; status;
statute; stay; steer; stem; still; stool; substance; substantial;
substitute; superstitious; system; systematic; understand;
withstand; prostitute*; status quo; // assist; assistant; consist;
consistent; consistency; exist; existence; insist; instance;
instant; persist; resist; resistance; resistant; transistor;
reinstate*; restitution*; solstice*
“-stil-”: drop（下落）→distill; instill
“-stinc-/-sting-”: separate; quench（分离；熄灭；蛰）→distinct; distinction;
distinguish; instinct; extinct; extinguish; stick; sticky;
stimulate; sting; stitch
“-stor-”: stake（库存）→restaurant; restore; stock; store;
storage
“-string-/-strain-/-strict-”: to bind; contract（捆紧；棒紧）→constrain;
distress; district; prestige; restrain; restraint; restrict;
strain; strength; stress; strict; string; strong
“-struc-/-stroy-”: pile up; erect; build（结构；建立）→construct;
construction; destroy; destruction; industrial; industry;
industrialize; infrastructure; instruct; instruction; instrument;
obstruct; obstruction; strain; structure
“-sume-/-sum-”: take（拿；取；承担）→assume; assumption; assuming; consume;
consumption; presumably; presume; resume
“-sul-/-sel-”: summon; gather（召集）→consult; counsel
“-sum-/-super-”: superior（超；圆满）→consummate
“-sure-/-sur-”: secure; make sure（确保；确信）→assure; assurance; ensure;
insure; reassure; sure
“-tach-/-stake-”: stake（树桩；关键）→attach; attached; attack; detached;
stake
“-tail-”: cut; limitation（减切）→tailor; detail; entail; retail;
tailor
“-tain-/-ten-/-tent-/-tin-/-tact-/-teger-/-tang-”: hold // touch;
reach（把握；接触，延伸）→contain; content; detain; entertain; maintain;
maintenance; obtain; retain; retention; sustain; tenant; tennis; //
attain; contact; contaminate; continent; continue; continual;
continuous; entire; intact; integral; integrate; integrity;
tactics; tangible*; continence*; countenance*; pertain*;
pertinent*
“-tect-/-tech-”: workman; craftsmanship（工艺；技术）→architect;
architecture; technical; technician; technique; technology
“-tege-/-tect-”: cover（覆盖）→detect; detective; detector;
protect
“-temp-/-time-”: time（时间）→contemporary; temper; temperature;
temperature; tempo; temporary; tide; extemporize*
“-tend-/-tent-/-tempt-”: extend; stretch; aim; strive for;
try（弯曲；倾向；争；夺）→attempt; attend; attention; attentive; inattention;
attendance; contend; extend; extension; extensive; extent; intend;
intense; intensity; intensive; intention; pretend; tempt;
temptation; tend; tendency; tense; tension; tent; tentative; tone;
intent*
“-term-”: end; limit（末端；结束）→determine; determination; term;
terminal; terminate; terminus*; interminable*
“-terr-”: land（土地）→territory; terrain*; terrestrial*
“-testi-/-test-”: witness（证明；证据）→contest; protest; testify;
testimony
“-text-”: weave; braid（编织；编织物）→context; pretext; text; textbook;
textile; texture; tissue
“-theo-/-thu-”: god（神）→enthusiasm
“-tom-/-tomo-”: cutting（切；砍；剪）→atom; contemplate
“-tor-/tour”: direct; circle（指导；环绕）→attorney; tour;
tournament*
“-tort-”: turn; twist（扭曲）→distort; retort; torch; torment;
torture
“-tract-/-tire-/-drag-/-draught-/-dra-”: draw towards;
pull（拖；拉；抽）→abstract; attract; attraction; attractive; contract;
distract; extract; draft; draught; draw; retire; subtract; retreat;
trace; track; tractor; trade; trademark; traffic; trail; train;
trait; traitor; treat; treaty
“-tramp-”: stamp（踩）→track; tramp; trap; trip
“-trai-/-trea”: hand over（给出）→betray; traitor; treason
“-tribu-/-trib-”: give; assign（给予；呈交）→attribute; contribute;
contribution; distribute; tribe; tribute
“-tric-/-trig-”: trifles; complexities（复杂）→intricate; intrigue;
trick
“-triev-/-trouv”: find（找寻）→retrieve
“-triv-/-trop-”: trope（修辞）→contrive
“-trud-”: thrust（投；刺）→intrude; protrude*
“-tue-”: look at（照看）→intuition; intuitive; tuition
“-turb-”: commotion; confuse（扰乱；喧闹）→disturb; disturbance;
perturb*
“-und-/-ound-”: overflow（流溢）→abound; abundant; abundance; abound;
redundant; surround; undulating*
“-uni-”: one（一；统一）→onion; uniform; unify; unique; union; unit;
unite; universal; universe; university; unitary*
“-use-/-ut-”: employ; use（使用；实用）→abuse; misuse; disuse; utility;
utilize; usage; use; used; useful; usual; usually; utilize;
utility; utensil*; usurp*; usurer*
“-vad-/-vas-”: go; leave（走；离开）→evade; evasion; invade; invasion;
pervade*
“-vaga-”: wander（漫游；走动）→extravagance; extravagant
“-vapor-”: steam（蒸汽）→evaporate
“-vari-/-varu-”: changing（改变；变化）→invariable; variable; variation;
variety; various; vary
“-vent-/-ven-”: come; arrive（到来；来临）→advent; adventure; avenue;
convenient; convenience; convene; convention; conventional; event;
intervene; invent; invention; inventory; prevent; revenue; venture;
souvenir*
“-verb-”: word（言辞；话语）→adverb; verbal; nonverbal; verb; verbal
“-vert/-vers-/-viro-”: turn towards（转；扭）→adverse; reverse;
converse; adverse*; advertise; anniversary; avert; averse;
controversy; controversial; conversely; converse; conversation;
convert; conversion; diverse; diversion; divorce; environment;
inverse; invert; prose; reverse; universe; universal; university;
versatile; verse; version; versus; vertical; veer*; introvert*;
perverse*; revert*; veranda*; averse*; diverge*
“-vesti-”: track; footstep（足迹）→investigate; vestige*
“-via-/-vey-”: way; road（路；途径）→convey; deviate; obvious; previous;
trivial; way
“-vic/-vis-/-vid-/-view-”: something seen（看；视）→advise; advice;
advisable; envisage; envy; evidence; evident; interview; invisible;
provide; provided; provision; review; revise; supervise; survey;
video; view; viewpoint; visa; visible; vision; visit; visitor;
visual*; vista*; vigilant*; provident*
“-vid-/-vis-”: divide; separate; widow（分离）→devise; device; divide;
dividend; individual; widow
“-vinc-/-vict-”: conquer; overcome;→convict; convince; conviction;
province; revenge; victory; vengeance*; avenge*
“-viv-/-vit-/-vio-/-vig-/-verg-/-val-/-wor-/-war-”:（男性）①life;
live（生命力）；②strength；strong;（力量）；③worth（价值）；④truth（真实；可靠）→verge;
vegetarian; vegetation; vegetarian; revive; survival; survive;
valid; validity; violate; violent; violence; vital; vivid; verify;
very; virtue; virtual; vital; vivid; vitamin; viable*; vigorous;
war; verdure*; vehemently;* valorous*; valiantly*; warrior*; //
worth; worthwhile; worthy; // avail; available; equivalent;
evaluate; evaluation; invalid; invaluable; prevail; prevalent;
valid; valuable; value; valor*; invigorating*; inviolability*
“-voc-/-vok-/-call-”: to call (as witness)（呼喊）→advocate; provoke;
call; council; evoke; provoke; recall; reconcile; vocabulary;
vocal; vocation; voice; vowel; irrevocable*
“-voi-/-vui-/-vac-/-vit-”: empty; void; cease（空；停）→avoid; void;
evacuate; inevitable; vacant; vacation; vacuum; vain; vanish;
vanity; vast; void; waste; evacuate*; evanescent*
“-volv-/-volu-/velo-”: roll; wrap（卷；包裹）→develop; development;
envelop; envelope; evolution; evolve; involve; revolt; revolution;
revolutionary; revolve; volt; volume
“-vove-”: vow（誓言）→devote; vote
“-ward-”: observe; to decide after investigation（认知；观察）→awake;
award; aware; reward; upward; toward; wait; wake; warn; watch
“-wit-/-wis-”: know（认知）→wise; wisdom; wit; witty; witness
