1. be doing/ be about to do/ be on the point of
doing/ had done…, when… (when:
这时，强调一个动作的突然发生）
1) I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy
cry for help.
2) I was about to leave when it began to rain.
3) I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang,
announcing the exam was over.
2. It was (not) +时间段 +before +一般过去时
'过了一段时间就……'
It will (not) be +时间段 +before +一般现在时
'要过一段时间才会……'
It is/ has been +时间段
+since…
It was +点时间 +when…
It was +时间状语 +that…
(强调句)
1) It was not long before he sensed the danger of the
position. 不久他就意识到他处境危险。(动作已发生)
2) It
will be half a year before you graduate from the school.
还有半年你才从这个学校毕业。(动作未发生)
3) It is 3 years since he worked here. = he left
here.(since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词，要从这个动作结束的时候算起)
4) It was 3 o'clock when they received the
telephone.
5) It was at 3 o'clock that they received the
telephone.
3. once…
一旦……，表示时间和条件
1) Once you start, you will never give up.
2) Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will
have no difficulty doing the work.
4. the +比较级……，the +比较级……
'越……越……'
The more books you read, the more knowledge you will
get.
5. whether… or…
无论是……还是……
1) Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as
they planned.
2) Any person, whether young or old, has his own
worth.
6. 祈使句 +or/otherwise +结果句或祈使句 +and
+结果句
1) Stop doing such a foolish thing, or you will be punished
in time.
2) More effort, and the problem would have been
settled.
7. every time/ each time/ next time/ the first
time/ any
time等短语引导时间状语从句，表示'每当，每次，下次，第一次，任何时候'。
1) Every time you meet with new words while reading, don't
always refer to your dictionary.
2) Next time you come, do remember to bring your son
here.
3) You are welcome to come back any time you want
to.
8. There is (no) need to
do…
There is (no) hope/chance/possibility of doing…
There is (no) difficulty/trouble/point/delay (in)
doing
1) Is there any chance of our winning the match?
2) There is no point in discussing the problem
again.
9. it 强调句：基本构成形式：It is/was +被强调部分 +who/that
+原句剩余部分
I met him in the street yesterday
afternoon.
It was I who/that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
(强调是我，不是别人)
It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.
(强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where)
It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street.
(强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候，强调的是时间，但不用when)
10. not... until
直到……才
1) The villagers didn't realize how serious the pollution was
until all the fish died in the river.
2) It was not until all the fish died in the river that the
villagers realized how serious the pollution was.
(强调句)
3) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers
realize how serious the pollution was. (倒装句)
11. not only… but
(also)…
引导并列结构：作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。
Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes
examined regularly.
not only... but (also)… 引导并列句时，not
only引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装。
1) Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his
German citizenship was taken away.
2) Not only should we students study hard, but also we should
know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.
12. would rather
+从句(从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去时，表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望)
1) I'd rather you posted the letter right now.
我想让你现在就把信寄出去。
2) I'd rather I hadn't seen her yesterday.
我情愿昨天没见到她。
13. so, neither/nor
引导的倒装表示'另一者也如此'及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so,
neither/nor引导的倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。
1) He has finished his homework, so have I.
2) My sister prefers coffee, so do I.
3) John can't ride a bicycle, neither/nor can I.
若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用It is/was the same with
sb.或So it is/was with sb.
4) He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with
John.
若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。
5) — It is cold today.
— Yes. So it is.
6) — He visited Tokyo last week.
— Yes. So he did.
14. 倍数表达法：
A +谓语 +倍数 +the +n.(size/ height/ length…) +of
B
A +谓语 +倍数 +as +adj. +as B
A +谓语 +倍数 +adj.比较级 + than B
A +谓语 +adj.比较级 +than B +by +倍数
1) This square is twice the size of that one.
This square is twice as large as that
one.
This square is once larger than that
one.
2) This factory produced three times as many cars as they did
10 years ago.
3) He is 3 years older than I.
He is older than I by 3 years.
15.
as/with表示'随……进展'，as后面接句子，with后面接短语。
1) With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming
more and more serious.
2) As the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more
and more serious.
16.
with的复合结构(作状语或作定语)
with +n. +adj.
(with可以省略)
1) (With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our
bikes slowly and carefully. Because the street were wet and
slippery, …
2) The students were listening to the teacher, (with) their
eyes wide open.
The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes
were wide open.
with+ n. +
adv. (with可以省略)
3) He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side
out.
with + n. +
prep.-phrase
(with可以省略)
4) The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his
mouth.
with +n. +to do/to be done
(动词不定式的动作还未进行)
with +n. +doing/being done
(动词不定式的动作正在进行)
with +n. +done
(动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n.所处的状态)
5) With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected
president is having a hard year.
6) He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the
ceiling.
7) With the temple being repaired, we can't visited
it.
17. 以here, there, in, out, up, down,
away等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作)。
1) Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming
here!)
2) Away he went. 他走远了。(若主语是代词，则主语与谓语不倒装)
18. 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句。
1) In front of the house stopped a police car.
2) Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his
hand.
19.
具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。
常用的有：little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no
time, by no means, in no case等。
