2015.12六级第二套-阅读超详细超经典超牛B解析
2015-12-20 02:33阅读：
选词填空
原文出处：
Who Killed the Nokia Phone？
http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/nokia-lessons-for-apple-and-google-by-pekka-nyk-nen-and-merina-salminen-2014-10
参考答案：
E) exception O) worldwide K)
shifting L) shrank A)
assumed
F) fault H) notably I)
previous C) desperate
D) deterioration
选项词性：
名词：A) bias, D) deterioration, E) exception, F)
fault
形容词：C) desperate, I) previous, M) subtle, O)
worldwide
副词：G) incidentally, H) notably, O)
worldwide
-ing：K) shifting,
N)transmitting
-ed：A) assumed
, J)relayed, L) shrank
36题：空格词性为名词。本句意为：手机冠军Nokia，欧洲最大的技术成功传说之一，也不____，在几年之内就失去了它的市场。本空应该考虑从名词单数选项中选项，因为no之后通常要接名词单数，符合要求的选项有：A)
bias偏见, D)
deterioration破坏, E)
exception例外, F)
fault错误。故本题应该选择E项。
37题：空格词性为副词。本句意为：在2207年，Nokia____占据了超过40%的手机销售。而副词选项仅有G)incidentally偶然地,
H) notably显著地, O)
worldwide世界范围地。本题应该选择O项。
38题：空格词性为形容词或动词分词，由于在be动词之后，暂时无法明确词性。本句意为：但是消费者的偏好已经开始____向触屏智能手机。四个形容词选项均不符合句意，故本题应该考虑两个现在分词选项：K)
shifting改变，转向, N)
transmitting传播，符合句意的为K项。
39题：空格词性为动词，并且是过去式。本句意为：随着苹果公司的iPhone手机在2007年中进入市场，Nokia的市场份额快速地____，收入也跳水了。此处还有一个并列的结构，说明空格处应该与plunged俯冲为近义词，选项中过去式形态的有三个：A)
assumed假设，接任, J)
relayed交接, L)
shrank收缩。故选L项。
40题：空格词性为动词，并且是过去式。本句意为：终止Nokia命运的是一系列由CEO
Stephen
Elop作出的决策，他在2010年十月____.
还有两个过去式选项：A)
assumed假设，接任, J)
relayed交接，此处应该填A项，在这里相当于任职了。
41题：空格词性为名词。本句意为：但是Elop并不是唯一一个____的人。名词单数选项有：A)bias偏见,
D) deterioration破坏, F)
fault错误。本题需要结合本段的后面的内容，下一句接着就说到了Nokia的board董事会拒绝变革，说明Elop不是唯一犯错的人。故本题选F项。
42题：空格词性为副词。本句意为：最____地是，Jorma
Ollila，他曾经领导Nokia从一个工业公司转型成为一个技术巨头。副词选项有：G)
incidentally偶然地, H)
notably显著地,
此处应该选择H项。
43题：空格词性为形容词。本句意为：…
他太迷恋公司____的成功，以至于没有意识到需要变革来维持它的竞争力。形容词选项有：C)
desperate绝望的, I)
previous先前的, M)
subtle微妙的，精巧的, O)
worldwide世界的，本题应该选I项。
44题：空格词性为形容词，本句意为：公司采取了一个____缩减开支项目，它包括成千上万份工作要被裁掉。形容词选项有：C)
desperate绝望的, M)
subtle微妙的，精巧的, O)
worldwide世界的。根据后面的thousands of
jobs，说明这是一场绝望的变革，故选C项。
45题：空格词性为名词。本句意为：这导致了对公司昔日的精神文化的____，曾经的公司文化激励员工去冒险，去创造奇迹。还有两个名词选项：A)
bias偏见, D)
deterioration破坏,
故本题选D项。
匹配题：
参考答案：HCBNA JGODM
46题：选取关键词first-generationcollege-goers,
doubts about their abilities和college
degree，可以定位至H段：”Manystudents
are coming from a situation where no one around them has
theexperience of successfully completing higher education, so they
are coming inquestioning themselves and their college
worthiness,”…
47题：选取关键词heavierfinancial
burdens和peers，可以定位至C段：Nijay
represents a large and growing group of Americans:first-generation
college students who enter school unprepared or behind. …
Theytypically carry financial burdens that out weigh those of their
peers…
48题：选取关键词graduationrate和Nijay’s
university，可以定位至B段:what
Nijay didn’t realize about his school-Tennessee StateUniversity-was
its frighteningly low graduation rate: a mere 29 percent for
itsfirst-generation students.
49题：选取关键词topinstitutions like
Yale和more
support，可以定位至N段：Christian
Vazquez, a first-generation Yale graduate, is anotherexception …
There is a lot of support at Yale, to an extent, after a
while,there is too much support.
50题：选取关键词enteringcollege, Nijay
Williams和no
idea可以定位至A段：When
Nijay Williams entered college last fall as a
first-generationstudent and Jamaican immigrant, he was academically
unprepared for the rigorsof higher education.
51题：选取关键词refuse torelease their
exact graduation
rates可以定位至J段：Highereducation
institutions are, under federal law, required to report
graduationrates, but these reports typically only include Pell
recipient numbers – notnecessarily rates specific to
first-generation students. Other initiatives failto break down the
data, too.
52题：选取关键词marketingexecutive,
low-income families和elite
university可以定位至G段：”They
underestimate themselves when selecting a university,” saidDave
Jarrat, a marketing executive for Inside Track, … “The reality of
it isthat a lot of low-income kids could be going to elite
universities on a fullride scholarship and don’t even realize
it.”
53题：选取关键词greatimportance和self-confidence可以定位至O段：…
hinting at mentors, staff, and professors who al
providedsignificant support for students who lacked confidence
about “belonging” atsuch a top institution.
54题：选取关键词I’m
First和mostsuitable可以定位至D段：Matt
Rubinoff directs I’m First, a nonprofit organization launchedlast
October to reach out to this specific population of students. …
find thebest post-secondary fit.
55题：选取关键词Eliteuniversities和higher
rate可以定位至M段：…
more elite universities, which are often known for robustfinancial
aid packages and remarably high graduation rates for
first-generationstudents.
仔细阅读：
56-60题：CBADC
56题：根据关键词mostinfluential medical
groups和recommend可以定位至第一段：Saying
they can no longer ignore the rising prices of health care,some of
the most influential medical groups in the nation are recommending
thatdoctors weigh the costs, not just the effectiveness of
treatments, as they makedecisions about patient
care.本句意为：一些最有影响力的医疗团体声称他们不能再忽视不断上涨的医疗费用，并推荐医生们在做出治疗决策的时候，不能只考虑治疗的效果，也要权衡费用。
选项分别为：
A) Reflect
on the responsibilitiesthey are supposed to take.
反省他们应该承担的责任。
B) Pay more
attention to theeffectiveness of their treatments.
更关注他们治疗的效果。
C) Take
costs into account whenmaking treatment decisions.
在做治疗决策的时候考虑花费。
D) Readjust
their practice in viewof the cuts in health care.
在治疗上，从开刀角度调整他们的手术。
由此可见，本题最佳答案为C项。
57题：根据关键词mainlyconcerned和in
the past可以定位至第二段：The shift, little
noticed outside the medical establishment butalready controversial
inside it, suggests that doctors are starting to redefinetheir
roles, from being concerned exclusively about individual patients
toexerting influence on how healthcare dollars are spent.
本句意为：这种改变，几乎没有被医疗界以外的人注意到，但已经在内部反转了，意味着医生开始重新定义他们的角色，从仅关注每个病人个体到用于医疗的钱是怎么花的。
选项分别为：
A)specific medicines to be used
使用的特定的药品
B)effects of medical treatment
治疗的效果
C)professional advancement
专业的进步
D)patients’ trust
病人的信任
由此可见，本题的最佳答案为B项。
58题：根据关键词new
guidelines和lead
to可以定位至第三段的第一句：Inpractical terms, the new
guidelines being developed could result in doctorschoosing one drug
over another for cost reasons or even deciding that aparticular
treatment – at the end of life, for example – is too
expensive.本句意为：在实践方面，这个新的方针将导致医生可以因花费原因选用某一种药品，或甚至因过于昂贵而决定一种特定治疗，例如终止生命。
选项分别为：
A) the
redefining of doctors’roles
重新定义医生的角色
B) overuse
of less effective medicines
过度使用不那么有效的药品
C) conflicts
between doctors andpatients
医生与病人之间的冲突
D) the
prolonging of patients’suffering
病人痛苦的延长
由此可见，本题最佳答案为A项。
59题：根据关键词dual
role和patient
careproviders还有financial
overseers可以定位至第五段：Some doctors se a
potential conflict in trying to be both providersof patient care
and financial overseers.
然而这句仅仅重复了题干内容，不足解决本题，于是从扩展至下一段的第二句：He said
doctors risked losing the trust of patients if they toldpatients,
“I’m not going to do what I think is best for you because I think
it’sbad for the healthcare budget in
Massachusetts.”本句意为：他说医生有风险失去病人的信任，如果他们告诉病人：“我不会做我认为对你最好的事，因为那对麻省的医疗预算来说不够好。”
选项分别为：
A) they may
be involved in aconflict of interest
他们会卷入利益的冲突
B) they may
be forced to dividetheir attention
他们会被强迫去分散注意力
C) they may
have to use lesseffective drugs
他们会使用不那么有效的药物
D) they may
lose the respect ofpatients
他们会失去病人的尊重
由此可见，本题的最佳答案是D项。在这里，可以认为信任和尊重是替换。
60题：根据关键词experts，doctors’involvement和cost
analysis可以定位至最后一段第一句和第二句：Still, some
analysts say that there’s a role for doctors to play incost
analysis because not many others are doing so. “In some ways, “
said Dr.Daniel Sulmasy, “it represents a failure of wider society
to take up
theissue.”本句意为：然而，一些分析家说医生要扮演一个花费分析的角色，因为并没有其他人在做。Dr.
Daniel
Sulmasy也说：“在某种意义上，它代表了广泛的社会失败，社会没有处理好这个问题。”
选项分别为：
A) it may
add to doctors’ alreadyheavy workloads
它会增加医生本已过重的工作负担
B) it will
help to save money forsociety as a whole
它会帮助整个社会省钱
C) it
results from society’sfailure to tackle the problem
它源于社会在解决这个问题上的失败
D) it raises
doctors’ awareness oftheir social responsibilities
它会提升医生对他们的社会责任的认识
由此可见，本题最佳答案为C项。
61-65题：ABCAD
61题：根据关键词Obama和economicinequality可以定位至第一段第一句和第二句：Economic
inequality is the “defining challenge of our time,”President Barack
Obama declared in a speech last month to the Center forAmerican
Progress. Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because
itdoesn’t look good to have a large gap between the rich and the
poor, butbecause inequality itself destroys upward mobility, making
it harder for thepoor to escape from
poverty.本句意为：经济不平等是“我们这个时代明确的挑战”，President
Barack Obama
在上个月的演讲中说道。他还说，不平等是危险的，不仅是因为它在富人和穷人之间的差距看上去不好，更是因为它本身就破坏了向上的动力，使得穷人更难以摆脱贫困。
选项分别为：
A) it is the
biggest obstacle tosocial mobility
它是社会动力最大的障碍
B) it is the
greatest threat tosocial stability
它是社会稳定最大的威胁
C) it is the
No. 1 enemy of incomegrowth
它是收入增长的一号敌人
D) it is the
most malicious socialevil of our time
它是我们这个时代最坏的社会恶势力
由此可见，本题最佳答案是A项。
62题：根据关键词Scott Winship’sdata
analysis可以定位至第三段的第二句；Inequality itself is
not a particularly strong predictor of economicmobility, as
sociologist Scott Winship noted in a recent article based on
hisanalysis of this data.
本句意为：不平等本身不是经济动力的强烈的预测者，这是社会学家Scott
Winship基于他的数据分析写出的文章所提到的。
选项分别为：
A) it is
fast widening across mostparts of America
它在美国大部分地区快速扩张
B) it is not
a reliable indicatorof economic mobility
不并是经济动力的可靠的指标
C) it is not
correctly interpreted
它没有被正确的解读
D) it is
overwhelmingly ignored
它被过分忽视了
由此可见，本题最佳答案为B项。
63题：根据关键词Atlanta和Salt
LakeCity可以定位至第四段的第二句：What explains, for
instance, why the Salt Lake City metro area isone of the 100
largest metropolitan areas most likely to lift the fortunes ofthe
poor and the Atlanta metro area is one of the least
likely?本句意为：例如，什么可以解释，为什么盐湖城区是一百个最可能让穷人增加财富，而亚特兰大城区是最不可能之一呢？
选项分别：
A) have
placed religious beliefsabove party politics
把宗教信仰置于党派政治之上
B) have
bridged the gap betweenthe rich and the poor
缩短了富人与穷人的差距
C) offer
poor children morechances to climb the social ladder
给穷人孩子提供了爬上社会阶梯的更多的机会
D) suffer
from higher levels ofracial and economic segregation
遭受严重的种族和经济隔离
由此可见，本题最佳答案为C项。
64题：根据关键词socialmobility和economist
Raj Chetty可以定位至第五段的第一句：Harvard economist
Raj Chetty has pointed to economic and racialsegregation, community
density, the size of a community’s middle class, thequality of
schools, community religiosity, and family structure, which he
callsthe “single strongest correlate of upward
mobility.”本句意为：哈佛经济学家RajChetty指出了经济和种族的隔离，社区密度，社区中产的规模，学校的质量，社区信仰和家庭结构，这被他称为是“向上动力的单一最强关联。”
选项分别为：
A) family
structure
家庭结构
B) racial
equality
种族平等
C) school
education
学校教育
D) community
density
社区密度
由此可见，本题最佳答案是A项。
65题：本题无关键词，问作者建议，此类问题归为全文主旨，应定位在全文最后一段：In
other words, communities with high levels of per-capita
incomegrowth, high percentages of two-parent families, and high
local governmentspending – which may stand for good schools – are
the most likely to help poorchildren relive Horatio Alger’s
rags-to-riches story.
本句意为：换句话说，拥有高水平人均收增长，高比例的双亲家庭和高当地政府支出 –
能支持好学校—的社区是最能帮助贫穷孩子再现Horatio
Alger的穷人变富人的故事的。
选项分别为：
A) it is
important to increase thesize of the middle class
增加中产阶级的比例很重要
B) it is
highly important toexpand the metropolitan areas
扩展城市区域极其重要
C) it is
most imperative to focusour efforts on the elimination of income
inequality
把我们的努力放在消除收入不平等是最刻不容缓的
D) it is
better to start from thecommunity to help poor children move up the
social ladder
从社区开始帮助贫穷孩子爬上社会阶梯是比较好的
由此可见，最佳答案应该是D项。
