浅谈不定式中动词的省略
◆汤阴一中南校区 孙用梨
省略是我们高中英语课本中的一个语法项目，这里我们就谈一下有关动词不定式中动词的省略问题。在动词不定式中，动词的省略大致可以分为以下三种情形：
一、 保留不定式符号to
通常情况下，当从上下文中能够知道不定式短语的内容时，为了避免重复，可将不定式to后面的内容都省略去，只保留不定式符号to，即用to来代替整个不定式。如：
She went there because she wanted to.
---Have you bought a car?
---No, we can’t afford to.
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (NMET 95)
由以上例句我们可以看出，这种用法多见于不定式作宾语或宾语补足语的时候。与之相关的动词和结构有want, hope, hate, wish, refuse, prefer, try, like, love, intend, forget, expect, mean, be going to, have (got) to, ought to, used to, be able to, would like/love to等。如：
I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to.
Some people suggested that she reconsider the matter, but she refused to.
He doesn’t work here now, but he used to.
---Would you like to join us?
---I’d like to.
---Ought I to finish it today?
---Yes, you ought to.
二、 保留至be, have或have been
如果不定式to后的结构中含有be, have或have been
◆汤阴一中南校区 孙用梨
省略是我们高中英语课本中的一个语法项目，这里我们就谈一下有关动词不定式中动词的省略问题。在动词不定式中，动词的省略大致可以分为以下三种情形：
一、 保留不定式符号to
通常情况下，当从上下文中能够知道不定式短语的内容时，为了避免重复，可将不定式to后面的内容都省略去，只保留不定式符号to，即用to来代替整个不定式。如：
She went there because she wanted to.
---Have you bought a car?
---No, we can’t afford to.
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (NMET 95)
由以上例句我们可以看出，这种用法多见于不定式作宾语或宾语补足语的时候。与之相关的动词和结构有want, hope, hate, wish, refuse, prefer, try, like, love, intend, forget, expect, mean, be going to, have (got) to, ought to, used to, be able to, would like/love to等。如：
I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to.
Some people suggested that she reconsider the matter, but she refused to.
He doesn’t work here now, but he used to.
---Would you like to join us?
---I’d like to.
---Ought I to finish it today?
---Yes, you ought to.
二、 保留至be, have或have been
如果不定式to后的结构中含有be, have或have been