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Jacoby 2NT  雅可贝2NT应叫 Jacoby Transfer

2010-10-20 09:38阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/1462455714

第四节 雅可贝2NT应叫
Jacoby 2NT

出自《伯根实用叫牌百科全书》 [美]马迪·伯根 著

一个好的满贯叫牌过程必须由多层次叫牌组成，而大牌点计数只在其中扮演了相对次要的角色。因此，对普通水平的牌手来说，满贯叫脾十分辣手，这就不足为奇了。
对好的满贯叫牌的要求，最重要的一点是及早确立将牌花色，在桥牌比赛中，最值得骄做的叫牌是加叫同伴的花色，以表示将牌的极好配合，一旦有了这样的开头，扣叫和对满贯的探索就随之而来了。
满贯叫牌的另一个特别重要的组成部分是牌型分配信息。至少，一位牌手应该获得其同伴的牌型分配信息，这几乎总是必要的。他起码应该知道，同伴的短套所在，并估计出配合所在，并希望把自己手上大部分大牌定位于同伴的长套上（而不是浪费在同伴的单缺花色上）。
这两点需求，通过爆裂叫性性可以很好地得到满足。牌手使用爆裂叫；就可以既表示出对同伴花色的支持，同时又表示出单张（或缺门）所在。
与此目标相近的叫牌是雅可贝2NT应叫，它是对开叫高花的一种约定性应叫，可以提高满贯叫牌的精确性。它至低限度是表示对开叫方的将牌花色的一种逼叫性加叫，持有4张或更多的将牌花色套。这种叫牌的经济固素是显而易见的。尽管同伴和你都只作出了一次叫牌，同伴
间就已经清楚了、确定了将牌花色，并将至少逼叫成局，而且还留有大量叫牌空间以供同伴间作出进一步探索。
采用雅可贝2NT应叫要作出些什么牺牲呢？这是任何一种约定叫都将要面临的重大考验。通常情况下，情况下1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
-2NT叫牌过程的2NT应叫，示持13-15个大牌点的平均型牌，在未叫过花色中有止张。这也是一种很好的叫牌。但是，你完全可以不必采用这种叫牌，而用你手上最好的花色盖叫1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，然后再跳叫3NT，同样可以达到这个目的（或者，先用逼叫性1NT应叫，下一轮再用2NT进局逼叫）。
好，再回到雅可贝2NT应叫上。只要应叫方在同伴花色上具有示强加叫的牌力，他都可以作这种叫牌。在同伴1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
开叫之后，应叫方持下面各手牌时，都应当应叫2NT：
（1） Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A8 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KQ74 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A953 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A74
（2） Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AQ84 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer Q103 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer J8754
（3） Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A765 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AJ64 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K43 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer Q4
（4） Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A85 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer J1063 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A94 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A107
注意，2NT通常是持平均型牌。如果应叫方有单张，通常他将直接选择爆裂叫来显示它。一个例外是上面的第（2）例，因为 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 单张为A，不能以持完美的单张去作爆裂叫。
第（1）例显示的应叫方的强度已超越限制性加叫范围。因为，开叫方肯定将要进一步描述他的牌情，应叫方可以作出2NT叫牌，然后静观事态发展，不必太拘泥于点力计算。
开叫方作出再叫，首先应该是显示单张或缺门：3阶水平再叫示单张；4阶水平示缺门。
因此，在1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer -2NT叫牌之后，开叫方再叫：
3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ＝ Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 单张
3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ＝ Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 单张
3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ＝ Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 单张
4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ＝ Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 缺门
4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ＝ Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 缺门
4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ＝ Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 缺门
除去单张或缺门情况，开叫方又该怎么再叫呢？他采用剩下的三种叫牌中任一种，以区分他这手牌的相对强度。剩下的三种叫牌分别是：3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，3NT和4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 。3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 是最鼓舞人心的鼓励性叫牌；4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 完全是非鼓励性叫牌；而3NT则是介乎于这两个极端之间。对应以下各种类型，都是在1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer -2NT叫牌之后，开叫方应该作出的不同再叫。
（1）再叫4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ：
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KJ653 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A106 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K5 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer J74
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer J7654 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AK7 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer Q106 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K5
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 108743 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AK63 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A5 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 64
（2）再叫3NT：
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KJ8763 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K7 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A5 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer J63
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AQ874 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A6 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KJ42 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 94
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A10863 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AQJ Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KJ4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 85
（3）以下这一手牌都是足以使人感到欢欣鼓舞的，再叫鼓励性3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，表现出对满贯的浓厚兴趣：
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AKJ74 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A1065 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 92
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AQJ843 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A106 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 94 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K5
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KQ874 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KQ6 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A84 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K5
按点力计算（包括牌型点）大致如下：4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，13-15点；3NT，15-17点；3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，18点及18点以上。
注意，开叫方遵循的原则是：持好牌时低叫，持弱牌时则速达（终止在成局定约上）。速达原则（Fast Arrival）同样适用于应叫方。例如，应叫方持： Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer Q843 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer KQJ7 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A8 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 1064
在叫牌过程：
1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
2NT
3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
？

之后，应叫方应该跳叫至4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，示一手若进到满贯定约相对来说可能显得较弱的牌。当然，由于开叫方已显示了 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 单张，满贯仍然是准确的。
因为有如此之多的叫牌空间，雅可贝2NT应叫将很好地把自身引导入扣叫。扣叫总是显示对满贯的兴趣，并示控制（所叫花色的A或K），尤其强调第一轮控制。通常你遵循最便宜叫牌原则作出扣叫，以有效地利用叫牌空间。不要太匆忙地使用黑木问叫，或跳叫至满贯，要充分利用充裕的叫牌空间这一有利条件。
让我们实践一下雅可贝2NT应叫的叫牌过程。同伴开叫1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，你持这手牌：
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 92 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer K1085 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A874 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer AK7
应叫2NT。在下面开叫方的不同再叫情况下，请选择你的叫牌，并说明其理由。
（1）
 开叫方
 你

4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
?
Pass。开叫方已声明他是持低限，因此，即使你持这手好牌，也只得顺水推舟再叫pass。
（2）
 开叫方
 你

3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
?
3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 。漂亮极了，这正好是你所期待的。同伴持单张 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 很可能 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 既长又有控制，看来冲上满贯极有可能。3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 是标志叫牌，因为它比4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 叫牌更经济，并允许同伴作出3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 扣叫。3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 是鼓励性叫牌，是与4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 完全不相同的叫牌。
（3）
 开叫方
 你

4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
?
4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 。对你这手牌来说，同伴的 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 缺门不怎么理想。但是你的 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer A-K依然有用。
（4）
 开叫方
 你

3 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
?
4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 。同伴的 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 单张很不错，因为，它不再重复计算进点力之中。不过，如果你手上拿再多一点，而低花套再少一点的话就更好了。但是，假如同伴 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 套也是长套的话，情况就可能不太妙了，在 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 花色上就可能必然有失墩。
（5）
 开叫方
 你

3NT
 ?
4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer 。现在满贯已相当值得怀疑，但我们还是值得一试。如果同伴再叫出4 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ，你只有pass。
有些牌手喜欢采用开叫方跳叫至4阶水平，表示有另一个5张套，而不愿用它示缺门。毋宁说这一变通叫牌更见长处，也是今天多数专家乐于采用的。
雅可贝2NT应叫被认为是最有价值的满贯叫牌手段，为数众多的有经验的牌手都喜欢使用它。就是对不那么老练的一对牌手来说，一旦掌握它也会立见其效的。
问题
1．如果我们采用雅可贝2NT应叫方式，我们可以用它作为对敌方花色争叫后的盖叫吗？
［解答］
在叫牌过程：
同伴
 右手敌家
 你
1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer ？

之后，我猜想此时你叫出的2NT是雅可贝2NT应叫，运用否定性加倍，或2阶低花甚至3NT应叫，都是说明你想打无将定约的自然叫牌。然而在下面这个叫牌之后：
同伴
 右手敌方
 你
1 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer

2 Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer （或同阶次叫牌）
 ？

2NT就是示持11点牌力的平均型牌，此后开叫方不得不退缩下来。这个教训说明：雅可贝2NT应叫仅在非竞争性叫牌中才会被采用。不过，在同伴开叫1NT后被敌方盖叫或加倍时，2NT亦被推荐为雅可贝转移叫（Jacoby Transfer）。
2．我能够在持有3张将牌时运用雅可贝2NT吗？
［解答］
不能！！为了可能的满贯叫牌，将牌的张数往往具有决定性的意义。

感觉这是个包容性很强的约定叫,不喜欢吃药的我也对它情有独钟,举两个这两天的实战牌例说明一下:
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
上例16P的S对17P的1nt,我叫3nt,PD事后说该应叫更带鼓励性质3s,结果是6S-1(首功H a 续H将吃),6NT MK,进帐17P!
Jacoby <wbr>2NT <wbr> <wbr>雅可贝2NT应叫 <wbr>Jacoby <wbr>Transfer
此例20法则轻开,3S是一不做二不休的叫品,志在必得!扎下双张将牌Q,7H已安全回家,闭室4H+3,6H已经赚了,PD追分到7H,啊啊,致胜之道!

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