《诗经》中的叙事诗
2008-11-20 02:44阅读：
Z. K. 的任务是选一首《诗经》中的叙事诗，读给大家听。她选了《采薇》。
这首战争诗最能引起美国学生的共鸣。她自己找到Narrative Poem
的中文对应是“赋”。“赋”的使用在《诗经》之后，以后再更正她吧。翻译简直不成其为翻译，只是英文注解而已，但是不妨碍学生读出基本的意思和比兴与对比的技术。
Shi Jing-narrative Poetry
Presented by Z. K.
Shī Jīng (traditional Chinese:
詩經; simplified Chinese:
诗经 ), can be translated variously as the
Classic of Poetry, the
Book of Songs or
the
Book of Odes; it is the first major collection of
Chinese poems. It comprises 305 poems divided into 160 folk songs
(or airs -
feng (
風); 74 minor festal songs (or odes -
ya
小雅), traditionally sung
at cou
rt festivities; 31 major festal songs (大頌), sung at more solemn court ceremonies; and 40
hymns and eulogies (sòng - 頌;), sung at sacrifices to gods and ancestral
spirits of the royal house.
This following poem is of a soldier returning from the frontier
during a war.
Translator: anonymous
WE PLUCK THE BRACKEN
from Xiaoya
We plucked the bracken, plucked the bracken
While the young shoots were springing up.
Oh, to go back, go back!
The year is ending.
We have no house, no home
Because of the Xianyun;
We cannot rest or bide
Because of the Xianyun.
We plucked the bracken,plucked the bracken
While the shoots were soft.
Oh,to go back,go back!
Our hearts are sad,
Our sad hearts burn,
We are hungry and thirsty,
But our campaign is not over,
Nor is any of us sent home with news.
We plucked the bracken,plucked the bracken;
But the shoots were hard.
Oh, to go back,to back!
The year is running out.
But the king's business never ends;
We cannot rest or bide.
Our hearts are very bitter;
We cannot rest or bide.
Our hearts are very bitter;
We went, but do not come.
What splendid thing is that?
It is the flower of the cherry-tree.
What great carriage is that?
It is our lord's chariot,
His war-chariot ready yoked,
With its four steeds so eager.
How should we dare stop or tarry?
In one month we have had three alarms.
We yoke the teams of four,
Those steeds of strong,
That our lord rides behind,
That lesser men protect.
The four steeds so grand,
The ivory bow-ends, the fish-skin quiver.
Yes, we must be always on our guard;
The Xianyun are very swift.
Long ago, when we started,
The willows spread their shade.
Now that we turn back
The snowflakes fly.
The march before us is long,
We are thirsty and hungry,
Our hearts are stricken with sorrow,
But no one listens to our plaint.
小雅
采薇
采薇采薇，薇亦作止。曰归曰归，岁亦莫止。
靡室靡家，玁狁之故。不遑启用，玁狁之故。
采薇采薇，薇亦柔止。曰归曰归，心亦忧止。
忧心烈烈，载饥载渴。我戍未定，靡使归聘！
采薇采薇，薇亦刚止。曰归曰归，岁亦阳止。
王事靡盬，不遑启用。忧心孔疚，我行不来！
彼尔维何？维常之华。彼路斯何？君子之车。
戎车既驾，四牡业业。岂敢定居？一月三捷！
驾彼四牡，四牡騤騤。君子所依，小人所腓。
四牡翼翼，象弭鱼服。岂不日戒，玁狁孔棘！
昔我往矣，杨柳依依；今我来思，雨雪霏霏。
行道迟迟，载渴载饥。我心伤悲，莫知我哀！
