英语常用修辞法（下）
2010-02-05 19:19阅读：
9.双关（Pun）涉及到词的意义和形式两方面的戏用，其目的就是逗趣，使所写内容丰富多彩。例如汉英翻译中“一点九”与“一点酒”谐音相关。
e.g. One
swallow doesn’t make a summer, but it sure warms you on a cold
winter day.
10.夸张（Hyperbole）有意的夸大其词，已达到某种强调功能。
e.g. I’m
dying to see you.
He could
drink up the river.
11.
保守陈述法（Understatement）与夸张相反，保守陈述有意过低的讲述一个事实，以达到一种强调的目的。
e.g.
“Don’t worry. It’s only a little scratch,” he
said, though he had been badly mauled by the
tiger.
12. 悖论（Paradox）使用一种看似自相矛盾，荒谬的陈述或命题来表达某种真实的、有理据的、简明的事物或道理。这是一种扭曲的表达方式，因此读者需要进一步思考才能理解其中真正的含义。
e.g. The
Child is father of
Man.
I can resist
anything but
temptation.
13.矛盾修饰法/逆喻（Oxymoron）两个语义上形成对照的，矛盾的或不一致的词语出现一块。如pointedly
foolish(直截了当的愚蠢) , a wise
fool(精明的傻子),cruel
kindness（残忍的仁慈）。在句子中也是相连的两个词形成鲜明的对照。
e.g.
She received him in a cold
pleasant manner.
At this ,
she burst into a tearful
laughter.
14.委婉语（Euphemism）是一种用一种更宜人的或冒犯性弱的表达方式代替那些冒犯性强的或不愉快的表达，如人的生、老、病、死、以及贫穷、失业、或不太好的事物。
e.g. I was
wandering if you could spare me a few minutes to go
over my resume.
His wife is
expecting another child. (His wife is pregnant
again.)
15.对照/对偶（Antithesis）将两种形成鲜明对比的两种表达或思想以一种对称的结构安排，达到强调的作用。
e.g. Marry
in haste, repent leisure.
To err is human, to forgive
is divine.
16.层进法（Climax）把一系列思想根据他们的重要性或强度逐渐增强达到的顶点的修辞法，就像拾级而上渐次达到顶峰。
e.g. I
came, I saw, I
conquered.
Some
books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and
few to be chewed and digested.
17.突降法（Anticlimax）是一种从有重大意义内容突然转入平淡内容的安排，常用于嘲讽。
e.g. “For
God, for country,
and for
Yale.”
18.反问手法（Rhetorical
question）是答案不言自明，也很少要求给予明确的答案的问句。常用于表达说话者或作者的愤怒或惊讶或增强论证力度说服力。
e.g. If
God be for us, who can be against us
?
“Is the earth not
round?” She retorted.
