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《讲练》第二部分 第五讲　主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语－―主谓宾补型

2013-07-10 23:33阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/1587770710

第五讲　主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语－―主谓宾补型

目标：
1.知道什么是宾语补足语，它由什么充当；
2.了解带复合宾语的常用及物动词；
3.掌握“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的句型，会划分此句型的句子成分，会运用此句型来翻译、造句；
4.会区别双宾语与复合宾语。

试分析下列句子：
We call him Peter.（我们叫他彼得。）
They always keep the room clean.（他们总是把房间保持得很干净。）
这两句的宾语him和the room的后面，都有一个说明它们的成分。第一句说明他是彼得，第二句说明房间干净。这种用来补充说明宾语“怎么样”、“是什么”、“做什么”的成分，叫做宾语补足语。简称宾补。宾补一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词充当。宾语和宾补合称复合宾语。本教程中，整个复合宾语用虚线“　　”表示，并用小括号“（）”将其中的宾语补足语括起来。eg.
We call him（Peter）.
They 〈always〉keep the room（clean
）.

Exercise 1翻译、朗读并背诵下列句子，划分句子成分，仔细体会复合宾语,注意带复合宾语的动词.
1.They made the girl monitor of the class.
2.They found you a right person for the job.
3.We consider that a lie.
4.We must keep it a secret.
5.They named the baby Tom.
6.He has got everything ready.
7.I think it necessary.
8.The news made us happy.
9.Sports keep us healthy.
10.Loud noises drive people mad.
11.I found everything in good order.
12.He always consider himself above others.

双宾语和复合宾语（特别是名词作宾补时）的区别：双宾语中间接宾语表示人，直接宾语表示事、物，两者没有关系；复合宾语中宾补是补充说明宾语的，二者有关系。eg.
He passed me a pen. 双宾语，me(我)和a pen(钢笔)没有关系
We consider that a lie. 复合宾语，that(那)就是a lie(一个谎言）
至于形容词、介词短语作宾语补足语，就不会混淆了，因为它们不可能作双宾语中的直接宾语。

Exercise 2翻译下列句子，注意区别双宾语和复合宾语.
1.They made us a big cake.
2.They made me captain of the team.
3.They made me angry.
4.I found the story interesting.
5.I found you the book.
6.He fed the child some milk.
7.She ordered herself a new dress.
8.We think him an honest man.
9.She pushed the door open.
10.They always consider themselves in the right.
11.We found her out.
12.Let him in.

总结
简单句分为以下五种基本句型：
1.主语＋谓语（不及物动词）――主谓型
2.主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语――主谓宾型
3.主语＋连系动词＋表语――主系表型
4.主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语――主谓宾宾型
5.主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语――主谓宾补型

五种基本句型综合练习：指出下列句子属于哪种句型,并翻译成汉语.
1.The cook smells the food.
2.It smells delicious.
3.The train will come soon.
4.Your dream will come true sooner or later.
5.The days get longer.
6.Can you get me some tea?
7.They are getting everything ready.
8.He will get here on time.
9.I got the first prize.
10.He always keeps the windows open.
11.They keep quiet in class.
12.You can keep the books for a month.
13.He is telling stories.
14.He is telling the children stories.
15.These coats cost me 1000 yuan.
16.I owe him ＄50.
17.He looks at the sky now and then.
18.He looks worried.
19.Turn the TV on.
20.When she saw this, she turned red.

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