moduleload/unload命令（Envrionmentmodules工具）
2019-04-04 20:03阅读：
Envrionment modules工具用来快速的设置和修改用户编译运行环境。
Envrionment
modules通过加载和卸载modulefile文件可直接改变用户的环境变量，用户不需要修改.bashrc，从而避免误操作。
使用module来管理编译器，库函数的版本，常用命令如下：
1. module load | add 加载环境变量
如，在linux上分别加载 VCS和Verdi环境变量
% module load vcs/2015.09
#
（加载VCS）
% which vcs
#
（查看是否加载成功）
结果
/tool/cbar/apps/vcs-mx/2015.09-SP2-T0315/bin/vcs
% module load verdi/2014.12
# （加载Verdi）
% which verdi
#
（查看是否加载成功）
结果
/tool/cbar/apps/verdi/2014.03/bin/verdi
2. module switch 改变环境变量的版本号
如果想切换已加载模块的版本，使用module switch 命令
% module load vcs/2012.09
#
（加载VCS）
% which vcs
#
（查看版本号是否改变成功）
结果
/tool/cbar/apps/vcs-mx/2012.09-SP2-T0315/bin/vcs
3.1
module unload | rm 卸载环境变量
3.2 module swap 替换环境变量
有时modules会有版本冲突，比如，在已经加载vcs版本的情况下，试图加载另一个版本2015.09，而已加载的版本为2012.09，此时会报错。如果想使用最新的编译器，应该使用如命令
% module unload vcs
% module load vcs/2015.09
或者更快捷的方式
% module swap vcs vcs/2015.09
4.
module avail -- 显示系统可用的编译器及库
5.
module list
显示用户加载的编译器及库
6.
module help 帮助命令
=======================链接=======================================
http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/s/blog_61fdeeea010135um.html?vt=4
http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=1qzAqGosG4lDlqXtXRgnfWpJ
F44dYgq_lVJGwNYoVkeN_FpYTMXZHt1oxa9JUlLfNTZQ-4bEYnb3EW4Ki0pitX_QlUIroecVSUhYig6FnOi
Environment modules工具使用说明_百度文库
==============================================================
The Environment Modules package provides for the dynamic
modification of a user's environment via modulefiles.
Each modulefile contains the information needed to configure
the shell for an application. Once the Modules package is
initialized, the environment can be modified on a per-module basis
using the module command which interprets modulefiles. Typically
modulefiles instruct the module command to alter or set shell
environment variables such as PATH, MANPATH, etc. modulefiles may
be shared by many users on a system and users may have their own
collection to supplement or replace the shared
modulefiles.
Modules can be loaded and
unloaded dynamically and
atomically, in an clean fashion. All popular shells are supported,
including bash, ksh,
zsh, sh,
csh, tcsh, as well as
some scripting languages such as perl
and python.
Modules are useful in managing different versions of
applications. Modules can also be bundled into metamodules that
will load an entire suite of different applications.
There are two versions of the Environment Modules package. An
experimental version is written in Tcl. The stable traditional
version is written in C. Both versions use the same modulefiles and
command line syntax, with the exception that the Tcl version can
use an abbreviated version of the 'switch' command.
Tcl Version (beta). You must have tclsh somewhere in your
default $PATH, version 8.0 or newer; in addition, you must install
the files in the init directory someplace that all of your
users/systems can access (i.e., there is no automated install for
the Tcl version as yet).
http://modules.cvs.sourceforge.net/viewvc/modules/modules/tcl/
C version (released versions). This version requires
compilation and linking with the libtcl*.a libraries. The first
link is the main site; the others are mirrors.
http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=15538
