Emile Galle

2011-02-23 21:20阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/1681614204

Em
艾米尔•盖勒 (Emile Gallé)

(Emile Gallé)

Born in Nancy, France, in 1846, Emile Gallé is considered one of the most outstanding glass artists of his time, as he greatly contributed to the development of the art of glassmaking and to the Art Nouveau Style. He traveled in Paris, London and Weimar after his training, which included art, botany, and chemistry, and began producing fine pottery, furniture and jewelry.

这是1907年埃米尔·盖勒设计的客厅座椅。盖勒早在1900年时，就在《自然主义中的当代家具》一书中如此解释：“……最俭朴的典型，从简单的典线到最繁复的细节，当代家具的装饰应该反映生活。在所有人造组合当中，人们将较为偏爱自然的真实……”

Emile Gallé出生在法国工艺重镇Nancy，很小的时候便开始学习琉璃与陶瓷，长大后，四处游学，最终毕业于“Ecole de Nancy”艺术学院。
于材料的选择和关注是“新艺术”运动的一个特色，盖勒的作品是这个特色的一个很好的诠注。至于装饰图案，他采用的也是循规蹈矩的“新艺术”风格：大量的植物和动物纹样，采用曲线，避免直线，自然主义非常强烈。
盖勒的设计风格是受到日本装饰的影响的。他的一些设计采用日本的图案，而他的木料镶嵌的风格，也受到日本的平面设计风格的明显影响。他的不少家具都利用了木料和其它材料的镶嵌，特别是采用螺钿镶嵌，显然是受到东方家具，特别是日本和中国家具采用螺钿镶嵌的影响。

The son of a sucfulcess faience and furniture producer, Gallé studied philosophy, botany, and drawing, later learning glassmaking at Meisenthal, France. After the Franco-German War (1870–71), he went to work in his father’s factory at Nancy. He first made clear glass, lightly tinted and decorated with enamel and engraving, but he soon developed the use of deeply coloured, almost opaque glasses in heavy masses, often layered in several thicknesses and carved or etched to form plant motifs. His glass was a great success at the Paris Exhibition of 1878, and he became known as a spirited designer working in contemporary revival styles.

A Rare Emile Galle overlaid and etched glass vase 'Polar Bear', circa 1900. The icy blue shading to wintergreen ground overlaid in ivory and etched to depict an arctic scene with three strolling polar bears pacing the glaciers against a backdrop of icebergs. With wheel-carved signature 'Galle'. Reference: Alastair Duncan and Georges de Bartha, Glass by Galle, page 201, figure 306.

Exposition of 1889. Over the next decade his glass, reflecting the prevailing interest in Japanese art, became internationally known and imitated. It contributed largely to the free, asymmetric naturalism and symbolistic overtones of Art Nouveau. He employed wheel cutting, acid etching, casing (i.e., layers of various glass), and special effects such as metallic foils and air bubbles, calling his experiments marqueterie de verre (“marquetry of glass”). At Nancy he led the revival of craftsmanship and the subsequent dissemination of crafted glass by way of mass production. At the height of its productivity, during the late 19th century, his workshop employed nearly 300 associates. He attracted numerous artisans, including the Art Nouveau glassmaker Eugène Rousseau. After Gallé’s death his glass enterprise continued production until 1913.

Emile Gallé的经典作品，为巴黎之花绘制了4个大瓶装的顶级香槟，瓶身雕绘有白色银莲花和金色玫瑰藤蔓的图案，堪称举世杰作，让人过目不忘。http://community.livejournal.com/art_nouveau/502872.html#cutid1

Gallé vase with lilies and daises. Multi-layered blown crystal with
inclusions of glass and gold dust, cabochons and handles added on
and fused.

Engraved crystal vase by Gallé, around 1900

艾米尔•盖勒 (Emile Gallé) 设计的香水瓶

艾米尔•盖勒 (Emile Gallé) 设计的台灯

　　1969年，Emile Gallé的创作经过半个多世纪，被巴黎之花再次完美地复制到瓶身上，雅致卓绝的“美丽时光”年份香槟一经推出便立即享誉全球，是巴黎之花香槟厂历史上决定性的转折点，也是一段传奇的开始。

The works of Emile Gallé had a major influence on the Art Nouveau movement. Clear and enameled or stratified, applied, engraved, acid etched or wheel-carved, his glass was very elaborate. Nature inspired his designs, which were mostly floral, some with foliage, or landscape decorations and some with a strong Japanese feeling. He developed a technique for the production of cut and incised flashed glass and enameled designs, enhanced by bright colors and transparency of the material.