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另类英语时态讲解以及习题

2010-10-02 23:37阅读：

http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/u/1707446027

时态貌似是学英语容易纠结的一个内容，其实无论说汉语还是说英语，这说的事情无非是过去的，现在的，已经将来的，英语和汉语不同的是，英语是个标志性语言，我们汉语说话，无论是昨天做的，今天做的还是明天要做的，这做的这个动作的这个字不会有任何改变，
我昨天吃了一个苹果。
我吃了一苹果
我准备今天中午吃一个苹果
这个吃字没有变化
但英语他的谓语标志了这个动作发生的时间。
I ate an apple yesterday
I eat an apple
I will eat an apple this afternoon

所以当时间不同的时候我们得注意用不同的时态。
时态包括
时间（time）和状态（aspect）
时间（过去，现在，未来）

和汉语不同的是，英语有个完成式，我们看看下面的例子就有个大概的了解

状态（主动，被动）

把be 动词当动词看，句子就只剩两种状态，简单式和完成式
Be 动词后面的分词当做形容词补语。现在名词表进行，过去分词表示被动。


简单式
 完成式
过去，现在，将来
 过去，现在，将来

我们先看看简单式

简单式
过去时间
The U.S. established diplomatic relations with the P.R.C in 1949.
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
The movable print was introduced to England in 1485.
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
I was visiting clients the whole day yesterday
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
I was watching TV when I heard the doorbell.
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
The witness was being questioned in court when he had a heart attack
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
这都是和now这个相对的时间之前的某个时间段发生的动作。

现在时间
Huang pitches a fast ball。Li swings，it looks like a hit. The shortstop fails to stop it. It’s a double.
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
Bush is the U.S. president

另类英语时态讲解以及习题
All mothers love their children
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
7-11 is selling big cakes at discount this month
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
According to the NASA survey, the ozone layer is being depleted.
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
未来时间
There will be a major election in March
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
Don’t call me at six tomorrow。It’ll still be sleeping then
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
The building will be razed next month
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
简单式是以括弧型的时间来表达

完成式
现在时间
I’m sure I have seen this face somewhere
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
We have been working overtime for a week to fill your order
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
The house has been redecorated twice since they moved in.
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
过去的某个时间到目前为止

过去时间
Many soldiers had died from pneumonia before the discovery of penicil
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
I had been smoking three packs of cigarette a day before I decided to quit
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
Japan had not been defeated yet by the time Germany surrendered unconditionally
另类英语时态讲解以及习题


过去的某个时间到过去某个时间为止
未来时间
Next April, I will have worked here for 20 years.
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
Come back at 5:00,Your car will have been fixed by then
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
In two minutes, she will have been talking on the phone for three hours！
另类英语时态讲解以及习题
过去的某个时间到将来某个时间为止



完成式是以箭头型的时间来表达

形式
 用法
 意义

Have（has）+过去分词
 继续
 表示从过去继续到现在的动作或状态
经验
 表现过去某时刻到现在的经验
完成
 表示现在刚完成的动作
结果
 表示现在是“做了。。。”的结果

继续 I have studied English for three years
She has been sick since last month
经验
I have visited Beijing many times.
Have you ever been to Hawaii?
完成
I have just finished my homework.
Has he finished his work yet?
结果
My brother has become a teacher.


现在完成时四种用法的时间状语
继续
 Since，for，how long….?recently，so for，
经验
 Often，ever，never，before，once，--times
完成
 Already，just，yet
结果
 不需要时间状语

I am busy
I was busy
I have been busy。
表延续到现在的动词比较少，常用的
have known 已经认识了。。。
have studied 已经学习了。。。
have worked 已经工作了
have been in 已经。。。
have stayed 已经停留了
have used 已经用了
have taught 已经教了
have lived 已经住了

have been in/have been to

形式
 意义
 用法
Have（has）been to
 表示“曾经去过
 经验

表示“到…去过了”
 完成
Have（has）been in
 表示“曾在”
 经验

表示“一直在”
 继续

I have been to Japan twice“经验”
我去过日本
I have been to the airport to see my father off。“完成”

Have you ever been in America？
你在美国住过吗？
We have been in the museum for the whole morning.
我们一上午一直在博物馆

I’ve been writing the composition for two hours, but I haven’t finished it yet
I’ve written the composition, I’m not satisfied with it.

练习
So far we ____ nothing from him.
（A）have been heard
（B）did not hear
（C）have heard
（D）have not heard
At present a new road _______in that part of the city
（A）is building
（B）will be built
（C）will have built
（D）is being built
Our city _____a great deal, It doesn’t resemble the one of three years ago.
（A）changes
（B）has changed
（C）is changing
（D）will change
4. The camera was invented in the 19th century .At that time, most photographers _______professionals.
（A）are
（B）were
（C）have ever
（D）had been
5．There_____ some very bad storms recently.
（A）is
（B）are
（C）have been
（D）have
6. The future price of this stock ________by several factors.
（A）is going to determine
（B）will determine
（C）will be determining
（D）will be determined
7. When Anna phoned me I had just finished my work and _________to take a bath
（A）was starting
（B）have started
（C）starting
（D）will start
8. The whole area was flooded because it______ for weeks
（A）rains
（B）has rained
（C）had been raining
（D）was raining
9． By next Sunday you _______ with us for three months.
（A）will have stayed
（B）will stay
（C）shall stay
（D）have stayed
10. We could smell that someone _________
（A）would be smoking
（B）was smoked
（C）had been smoking
（D）would be smoked

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