初中英语一般过去时结构与用法
2010-05-10 14:01阅读：
I. 一般过去时的用法
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year,
yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。
例如：I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。
Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。
注意：也可以用“used to +动词原形”表示过去经常或反复的动作。
eg. We used to get up early. 我以前总是早起。（意指现在不早起了）
1.一般过去时的形式：
动词be: 第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was, 其余的人称一律用were。
动词have: 一律用had, 没有人称和数的变化。
行为动词：一律用过去式，没有人称和数的变化，行为动词的过去式有两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。
一般过去时动词的肯定、否定、一般疑问句和简略回答以及特殊疑问句的形式见列表：
肯定、否定形式
I was not …
You were …
|
You were not …
|
He/She/It was …
|
He/She/It was not …
|
We
|
were …
|
We
|
were not …
|
You
|
You
|
They
|
They
|
动词
have
|
I
|
had …
|
I
|
had not …
|
You
|
You
|
He/She/It
|
He/She/It
|
We
|
We
|
You
|
You
|
They
|
They
|
行为动词
(study)
|
I
|
studied …
|
I
|
did not study
…
|
You
|
You
|
He/She/It
|
He/She/It
|
We
|
We
|
You
|
You
|
They
|
They
|
行为动词的过去时的否定式，要使用助动词 do 的过去式did，后面的谓语动词要还原为原形。注意：在非正式语如口语中，was not,
were not, had not和did not 可以分别缩写成wasn’t, weren’t,
hadn’t和didn’t。
一般疑问句和简略回答
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一般疑问句
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简略回答
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动词
be
|
Were you …?
Was he …?
Were they …?
|
Yes, I was.
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No, I was not.
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Yes, he was.
|
动词
be
|
Were you …?
Was he …?
Were they …?
|
Yes, I was.
|
No, I was not.
|
Yes, he was.
|
No, he was not.
|
Yes, they were.
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No, they were not.
|
动词
have
|
Had you …?
Had he …?
Had they …?
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Yes, I had.
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No, I had not.
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Yes, he had.
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No, he had not.
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Yes, they had.
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行为动词
(study)
|
Did you study … ?
Did he study …?
Did they study …?
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No, they had not.
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Yes, I did.
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No, I did not.
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Yes, he did.
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No, he did not.
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Yes, they did.
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No, they did not.
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特殊疑问句和简略回答
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特殊疑问句
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回答
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动词be
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Where was she?
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She was at home.
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行为动词(study)
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When did you study English?
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I studied it last year.
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2.一般过去时的几种句型（这里只讲行为动词）
肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其他。如：He went to the toy store yesterday.
他昨天去玩具店了。
否定句结构为：主语+did not (didn’t)+动词原形+其他。如：He didn’t go to the toy
store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩具店。
一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语＋动词原形＋其他？如：
1) -Did you go to Beijing last week?
-Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.)
2) -Did you meet the businessman before?
-No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.)
特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其他？如：
1) -What did you do last night?
-I did my homework.
2) -Where did you go last week?
-I went to Shanghai with my parents.
一般过去时口诀
一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。
动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。
否定句很简单，didn’t 站在动词原形前，其他部分不要变。
一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其他部分依次站。
特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。
小朋友们口诀记，学会一般过去时没问题。
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Ⅱ. 行为动词的一般过去式变化规则
行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。
(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came,
take-took, have (has)-had等。
一般过去时练习
一般过去时
一、选择
(
) 1. What _____they
_____dinner yesterday ?
A. do; have for
B. did; had for
C. did; have for
D. were; have for
(
) 2. Could you tell me what time
the plane
?
A. left
B. leaves
C. leaved
D. was
leaving
(
) 3. On
e of us ______band
last month.
A. leaves
B. leave
C. leaved
D.
left
(
) 4. Where
_______your
mother born?
A. are
B. was
C. were
D. is
(
) 5. Do you know why he_____for
class last year?
A.
was always late
B. always was late
C. is late always
D. is always
late
(
) 6. I got up
_____this
morning, so I _____breakfast and went to school.
A.
late; didn’t have
B. early; didn’t have
C. late; hadn’t
D.
early; hadn’t
(
) 7. It ______much cold today than
it
_____
yesterday.
A.
is; is
B. was;
was
C. is; was
D. was; is
(
) 8. He didn’t come_____goodbye to us and
away.
A. say; go B. say;
went C. to say; went D. to say ;
go
(
) 9. Her pen was broken. She____
to _____a new on
e.
A.
wants; buys
B.
wanted; bought
C. wants; bought
D. wanted;
buy
(
) 10. I thought the dress_____
really pretty.
A. is
B. was
C. /
D.
were
(
) 11. I
tired now, but it___
an exciting day.
A. am; was
B. was; was
C. was; is
D.
am; is
(
) 12. He said he
______go
to cook dinner for us.
A. will
B. would
C. /
D.
does
