关于异化和归化
2013-12-23 22:16阅读：
陶桃 英语笔译 学号Y130283
关于归化和异化一直是翻译界的热门话题
异化和归化是在1995年由美国翻译理论家劳伦斯·韦努蒂（Lawrence Venuti）在《译者的隐形》（The
Translator's Invisibility）一书中提出来的。从历史上看，异化和归化可以视为直译和意译的概念延伸，但又不完全等同于直译和意译。直译和意译所关注的核心问题是如何在语言层面处理形式和意义，而异化和归化则突破了语言因素的局限，将视野扩展到语言、文化和美学等因素。按韦努蒂（Venuti）的说法，归化法是“把原作者带入译入语文化”，而异化法则是“接受外语文本的语言及文化差异，把读者带入外国情景”。（Venuti，1995:20）由此可见，直译和意译主要是局限于语言层面的价值取向，异化和归化则是立足于文化大语境下的价值取向，两者之间的差异是显而易见的，不能混为一谈。
2 归化、异化的概念
归化（domestication）是指在翻译中采用透明、流畅的风格，最大限度地淡化原文的陌生感的翻译策略它应尽可能的使源语文本所反映的世界接近目的语文化读者的世界，从而达到源语文化与目的语文化之间的“文化对等”。
异化（foreignization）是指偏离本土主流价值观，保留原文的语言和文化差异或指在一定程度上保留原文的异域性，故意打破目标语言常规的翻译。它主张在译文中保留源语文化，丰富目的语文化和目的语的语言表达方式。
今天的翻译是
1. 中国民族大学
2. 上海交通大学
3. 西安翻译学院
一个同学的译文为：1. China
Ethnic Group Studies
University
2. Shanghai
Transportation College
3. Xi'an Translation
and Interpretation Institute
另一个同学的译文为：1.China Minzu
University
2. Shanghai Jiaotong
University
3. Xi'an Translation
Academy
我的译文是1
chinese ethnic university
2
shanghai transportation
university
3 xi’an
translation collage
我们三个人的区别很大程度是collage
，academy，institute的区别，collins字典的解释是
Collage
1.collage collages
A
collage is a picture that
has been made by sticking
pieces of coloured paper and
cloth onto paper.
N-COUNT
2.collage
Collage is
the method of making pictures
by sticking pieces of coloured
paper and cloth onto
paper.
N-UNCOUNT
3.collage collages
You
can refer to something that
has been made by combining
a number of very different
things as a collage of a
particular kind.
Rego's work is a rich
collage of 20th-century painting
styles.
N-COUNT: usu
N of n
Academy
academy
1.academy academies
Academy is sometimes used in
the names of schools and
colleges, especially those specializing
in particular subjects or
skills, or private high schools
in the United
States.
If you
want to be a musician,
you go to the Royal
Academy of Music.
...her experience as a police
academy instructor.
N-COUNT: usu with supp, oft
in names
2.academy
Academy
appears in the names of
some societies formed to improve
or maintain standards in a
particular field.
...the American Academy of
Psychotherapists...
The
British Academy of Film and
Television Arts.
N-IN-NAMES
Institute
institute
1.institute institutes
An institute is an organization
set up to do a particular
type of work, especially
research or teaching. You can
also use institute to refer
to the building the organization
occupies.
...the
National Cancer
Institute.
...an
elite research institute devoted
to computer
software...
Directly
in front of the institute
is Kelly Ingram
Park.
N-COUNT: oft
in names
2.institute institutes instituting
instituted
If you
institute a system, rule, or
course of action, you start
it. (FORMAL)
We
will institute a number of
measures to better safeguard the
public.
Hormone
replacement therapy is very
important and should be
instituted early.
VB
根据意思，和这几所大学的机构设立等，应该是university更合适，然后我查阅官方翻译，的确如此
1.
Minzu University of
China（MUC）即中央民族大学
2. Shanghai Jiao
Tong University(SJTU)
3. Xi'an Fan
Yi University
然后是另一篇翻译
窦燕山，有义方，其五子，名俱扬。
则是出自《三字经》里的一句话。白话意思是；窦燕山教子有方，其五个儿子后来都很有名气。
同学的译文为：Dou
yujun
Good at
teaching
His five
sons
All make
success
另一个同学的译文为：The
man Dou Yanshan
Has good teaching methods
So his five sons
All got very famous
我的译文是 ；there
was Dou Yanshan
Excellent
in upbring
He
has five son
All
were good children
我的译文还是老毛病改不掉，我总是想不出押韵的对等词。
老师的译文是
Dough
by name
Fulfilled his
aim
His five
sons
Became famous
ones
我认为最好的是第二句“fulfilled his
aim”太精彩了，父亲不就是这个责任吗？这是常识，不需要我们画蛇添足的强调，一个fulfill是在用的太妙了
