争取获得投票权的女性
2016-03-24 09:54阅读：
内容来源：分享美国 地址链接：http://go.usa.gov/c7PZA
今天的女性可以管理大型企业，在军队服役，以及担任公职。但她们所拥有的这些机会都要归功于那些争取受教育权利，同工同酬权利，以及最重要的投票权利的前辈。第一次全国妇女权利大会(Women’s
Rights Convention)于1850年10月23日在马萨诸塞州的伍斯特市(Worcester,
Massachusetts)举行，它表明妇女权益事业可以支持一项全国性运动。
大会的发言者包括废奴主义者索杰纳·特鲁思(Sojourner Truth)，妇女选举权活动家露西·斯通(Lucy
Stone)，以及哈里特·亨特(Harriet Hunt)医生，她因为性别而曾被哈佛医学院(Harvard Medical
School)拒绝录取。代表们通过了一项决议，要求得到“与男性平等的政治、法律和社会权利”。
妇女在象征选举权的旗帜上缝星星 （国会图书馆）
在20年之内，怀俄明(Wyoming)领地将投票权给予了妇女，一共1000名妇女获得了这项权利。在1870年9月6日，拉勒米(Laramie)的路易莎·安·斯温(Louisa
Ann Swain)在去买一桶酵母的路上，在一个投票站中途停下，成为在美国大选中投票的第一位女性。
到了20世纪初，许多州，主要是
在美国西部的州，已允许妇女在市政选举中投票。 1920年，美国宪法第19条修正案(19th Amendment to the US
Constitution)将投票权赋予了所有达到投票年龄的美国女性。
最著名的妇女选举权运动家之一，爱丽丝·保罗(Alice
Paul)在谈到该运动的成功时说：“我一直觉得我们的运动好似马赛克拼图。我们每个人都放上一块小石头，最后你会看到一幅精彩的马赛克图像。”
Today’s women can run major corporations, serve in the military and
hold public office. But they owe these opportunities to
predecessors who fought to secure an education, earn equal pay for
equal work and, most importantly, secure the right to vote. The
first National Women’s Rights Convention, held on October 23, 1850,
in Worcester, Massachusetts, demonstrated that the cause of women’s
rights could support a national movement.
Among the speakers were the abolitionist Sojourner Truth, the
suffragist Lucy Stone and the physician Harriet Hunt, who had been
denied admission to Harvard Medical School because of her gender.
The delegates adopted a resolution demanding “political, legal, and
social equality with man.”
Women sew stars on a suffrage flag. (Library of
Congress) Within 20 years, the Wyoming territory extended
the right to vote to its women — all 1,000 of them. On September 6,
1870, Louisa Ann Swain from Laramie stopped off at a polling place
on her way to buy a bucket of yeast and became the first woman to
vote in a general election in the United States.
By the turn of the 20th century, many states, mostly in the western
U.S., allowed women to vote in municipal elections. In 1920, the
19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution extended the ballot to all
American women of voting age.
Alice Paul, one of the leading woman suffrage champions, explained
the movement’s success: “I
always feel the movement is a
sort of mosaic. Each of us puts in one little stone, and then you
get a great mosaic at the end.”
