独立主格结构和With复合结构精讲与精练（二）
2010-06-23 17:53阅读：
四、With(
without) 的复合结构的构成以及句法功能
（一）、with +宾语+宾语补足语构成复合结构的几种情况:
1. with+名词/代词+形容词
He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows open.
= He doesn’t like to sleep when the windows are
open.
注意：在“with+名词/代词+形容词”构成的独立主格结构中，也可用已形容词化的
-ing形式或-ed形式。
With his son so disappointing，the old man felt unhappy.
With his father well-known, the boy didn’t want to study.
2. with+名词/代词+副词
The boy was walking, with his father ahead.
= The boy was walking and his father was ahead.
3. with+名词/代词+介词短语
He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand.
= He stood at the door, and a computer was in his hand.
4. with+名词/代词+动词过去分词
With his homework done, Peter went out to play.
= When his homework was done, Peter went out to play.
5. with+名词/代词+现在分词
The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was.
= The girl hid her box and no one knew where it was.
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.
= When no one was noticing, he slipped through the window.
6. with+名词/代词+动词不定式
The little boy looks sad, with so much homework to do.
= The little boy looks sad because he has so much homework to
do.
（二）、With 的复合结构的句法功能：定语和状语
1. There is a magazine with a modern girl on its cover.
(定语)
2. He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet.
= He stood in the rain, and his clothes were wet.
(伴随状语)
3 The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to
visit.
=The kid feels excited as there are so many places of interest to
visit.（原因状语）
4．With the
signal given, the train started.
= After the signal was given, the train started.
（时间状语）
五、选择题
1. Everything ___ into consideration, they ought to have another
chance.
A. to take B. taken C. to be taken
D. taking
2. An expert ___ to help them tomorrow, they are sure to work out
the problem.
A. will come B, coming
C. to come D. having come
3. The meeting ___ over, he went to pick up his son directly
A. to be B. is C.
was D. being
4. --- They sat still in the room, ___.
--- Why did they do like that?
A. drawing the curtains
B. with the curtains drawn
C. with the curtains drawing
D. having the curtains drawn
5. The sun ___ , they continued their way.
A. has risen B. having risen
C. has raised D. having
raised
6. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the
most recent ___ at the end of last March.
A. has been launched B. having been
launched
C. being launched
D. to be launched
7. Here are two volumes, the third one ____ next month.
A. comes out B. came out
C. coming out D. to come out
8. With his son___ , the old man felt unhappy.
A. to disappoint B. to be disappointing
C. disappointing D. being
disappointed
9．--- Come
on, please give me some ideas about the project.
---Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost
break down.
A. filled B. filling
C. to fill D. being
filled
10． John
received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___ , he gladly
accepted it .
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished
D. was finished
11. ¬¬___ , I had to ask for two days’ leave.
A. Mother being ill B. Mother ill
C. As mother was ill D. A, B and C
12. With so many books ¬¬¬___ , I couldn’t go to surf the
Internet.
A. to read B. to be read C. reading
D. read
13. The thief stood before the policeman ____ admitting what he had
done .
A. with his dropping head B.
dropping his head
C. raising his head
D. with his head down
14. Winter ___ , it is time to buy warm clothes .
A .has come on B. is coming on
C. coming on D. comes on
15. The old man lay on his back at the corner of the street, his
eyes ___ and his hands ___.
A. close, tremble
B. closed, trembling
C. closing, trembling D. closed, trembled
16. With nothing __ to burn, the fire became weak and finally died
out.
A. leaving B. leave
C. left D. to leave
17. It was a pity that the great writer died ___ his works
unfinished.
A. for B. with C.
of D. from
18. I couldn’t do my homework with that noise ___ on.
A. to go B. went C. going
D. goes
19. ___ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this
weekend.
A. Because of B. With
C. As for D. Besides
20. Tom came home, ___ .
A. a dog following him B. a
dog followed him
C. being followed him
D. a dog was followed him
用适当的非谓语动词形式填空
1. She caught the student _______ (cheat) in exams.
2. When I got there, I found him _________ (repair) farm tools.
3. When I got there, I found the farm tools _______.
(repair)
4. Just then he heard someone _______ (call) for help.
5. He worked so hard that he got his pay ______.
(raise)
6. The missing boys were last seen _______(play) near the river.
7. ___________(compare) with the old one, the new building looks
more beautiful.
8. The workers had the machines _______(run) all night long to
finish the work on time.
9. People in the south have their houses ______(make) of bamboo.
10. _______(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front
of him.
比较下面各题：
1. Not far from the school
there was a garden, _________ owner seated in it playing chess with
his little grandson every afternoon.
A. its
B. whose
C. which D.
that
2. He wrote a lot of novels,
many of _________ translated into foreign languages.
A. it
B. them C. which
D.
that
3. There I met several people,
two of _________ being foreigners.
A. which B. them
C. whom
D. that
3. He wrote a lot of novels,
many of _________ were translated into foreign
languages.
A. it
B. them
C. which
D. that
4. He wrote a lot of novels,
and many of _________ were translated into foreign
languages.
A. it
B. them C. which
D. that
