以“ab”开头的单词表
2011-04-26 16:04阅读:1,132
This list of words has been divided into 3 parts: Part 1 has
all the words that have the ‘root prefix’ ‘ab’. Part 2 has all the
words beginning with ‘ab’ that come from a different Latin ‘root
prefix’, and Part 3, which has all the words beginning with ‘ab’
that come from other languages.
这个单词表分为三部分:第一部分是所有带有“前缀词根”“ab”的单词,第二部分是所有以“ab”开头源于不同拉丁语“前缀词根”的单词,第三部分是所有以“ab”开头源于其它语言的单词。
Part 1
第一部分
Words from the Latin that have the ‘root prefix’ ‘ab’
源与拉丁语含有“前缀词根”“ab”的单词
This part has been divided into 2 sections to distinguish the 2
forms, ‘ab’ and ‘abs’
这部分分为两节,以便区别此前缀词根的两种形态:“ab”和“abs”。
Section 1 has all the words that have ‘ab’, and Section 2 lists the
words with the ‘abs’ form. The words with the ‘abs’ form have been
set apart, because they are difficult to distinguish without a
detailed knowledge of Latin roots. For example:
第一节是所有含有“ab”的单词,第二节列出了含有“abs”形态的单
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词。把含有“abs”形态的单词分别列出是因为:没有掌握对拉丁词根的详细知识是很难识别出它们的,例如:
abstain
Is it ‘ab’ + ‘stain’ or ‘abs’ + ‘tain’?
是“ab” + “stain”还是“abs”+ “tain”?
And:
还有:
abscissa
Is it ‘ab’ + ‘scissa’ or ‘abs’ ‘cissa’?
是“ab” + “scissa”还是“abs” + “cissa”?
Section 1
第一节
abdicate ab-
'away' + dicare
'proclaim.'
abdomen ab-
'away' + ducere
'to lead.'
aberration ab-
'away' + errare
'to wander.'
abhor ab-
'away' + horrere
'tremble at, shudder,' lit.
Abitur - Ger. school exam, short for
abiturium, from L.
abire 'to go away.'
abject from
ab- 'away, off' +
jacere 'to throw'
(see jet (v.)).
abjure ab-
'away' + jurare
'to swear,' related to
jus (gen.
juris) 'law.'
ablative ab-
'away' + ferre
'carry.'
ablution ab-
'off' + luere
'wash,' related to
lavere (see
lave).
abnegation ab-
'off, away from' +
negare 'to deny'
(see negation).
abnormal ab-
'from' + adolere
'to grow.', one meaning 'to grow,' the other
'to destroy.'
abolition - 1529, see
abolish.
abomination ab-
'off, away from' +
omin-, (see
omen).
aborigine from ab
origine, lit. 'from the beginning.'
abortive ab-
'amiss' + oriri
'appear, be born, arise;'
abound ab-
'off' + undare
'rise in a wave,' from
unda 'water, wave'
(see water).
abrade (see
abrasion).
abrasion ab-
'off' + radere
'to scrape.'
abrogate ab-
'away' + rogare
'propose a law, request.'
abrupt ab-
'off' + rumpere
'break.'
abscissa ab-
'off, away' +
scindere 'to cut.'
absence ab-
'away' + esse
'to be.'
absent (see
absence).
absolute (see
absolve).
absolution (see
absolve).
absolve ab-
'from' + solvere
'loosen.'
absorb ab-
'from' + sorbere
'suck in.'
absquatulate 'Facetious U.S.
coinage'
absurdity ab-
intens. prefix +
surdus 'dull, deaf,
mute.'
abundance (see
abound).
abuse ab-
'away' + uti
'use.'
Section 2
第二节
abscess ab-
'away' + cedere
'to go.'
abscond ab
'away' + condere
'put together, store,' from
com- 'together' +
dere 'put,'
abstain ab'from, away from' +
tenere 'to
hold.'
abstemious ab'from' + stem of
temetum 'strong
drink,' related to temulentus
'drunken.'
abstention (see
abstain).
abstinence (see
abstain).
abstract ab'away' +
trahere
'draw.'
abstruse ab-
'away' + trudere
'to thrust, push,'
Part 2
第二部分
Words beginning with ‘ab’ that come from a different Latin ‘root
prefix’
以“ab”开头源于不同拉丁语“前缀词根”的单词
This part has been divided into 2 sections: Section 1 has all the
commonly used words, and Section 2 has those words which are rarely
used.
这部分分为两节:第一节是所有常用的单词,第二节是不很常用的单词。
Section 1
第一节
Commonly used words
常用的单词
abandon à
'at, to' + bandon
'power, jurisdiction,' from L.
bannum, 'proclamation,'
abattoir - 'slaughterhouse for cows,'
(see abate).
abbreviation ad
'to' + breviare
'shorten,' (see
brief
ability from
habilis 'easy to
manage, handy' (see able).
able L.
habilis 'easily
handled, apt,' verbal adj. from habere
'to hold.' 'Easy to be held,' hence 'fit for a
purpose.' The silent h-
was dropped in Eng. and resisted academic
attempts to restore it 16c.-17c., but some derivatives acquired it
(e.g. habiliment, habilitate), via
Fr.
abridge (see
abbreviate).
Section 2
第二节
Less commonly used words
较常用的单词
abase V.L. *ad
bassiare 'bring lower,' from L.L.
bassus 'thick, fat,
low;' related to the adj. base
abash from es
'out' + ba(y)er
'to be open,' from L.
*batare 'to gape,'
from root *bat
abate L. ad
'to' + battuere
'to beat' (see batter
(v.)).
abatis - 'defense made of felled trees,'
(see abate).
abeyance O.Fr.
abeance 'aspiration,
desire,' from L. *batare
'to yawn, gape' (see
abash).
ablaut - vowel gradation, 1849, from
Ger. Ablaut, lit.
'off-sound,' coined by J.P. Zweigel in 1568 from
ab 'off' +
Laut 'sound, tone.'
Popularized by Jacob Grimm.
Part 3
第三部分
Words beginning with ‘ab’ that come from other
languages.
以“ab”开头源于其它语言的单词
aback - O.E. on
bæc, 'at or on the back.' Now surviving
mainly in taken aback,
abacus Gk.
abax (gen.
abakos) 'counting table,' from Heb.
abaq 'dust,'
Abaddon Heb.
Abhaddon
'destruction,' from
abhadh 'he
perished.'
abaft - O.E. on
bæftan 'backwards,'
abalone Amer.Eng., from Sp.
abulon from
Costanoan (a California coastal Indian language)
aluan 'red abalone.'
Abbassid Abbas
(566-652), uncle of Muhammad. For his name, see
abbot.
abbé (see
abbot).
abbess (see
abbot).
abbey see
abbot.
abbot L.
abbatem (nom.
abbas), from Gk.
abbas, from Aramaic
abba, title of
honor, lit. 'the father, my father,' emphatic state of
abh 'father.' The L.
fem. abbatissa is
root of abbess.
abeam a- (1)
+ beam.
abed - O.E. on
bedde 'in bed,' from
a- (1) +
bed.
Abel second son of Adam and Eve, from
Heb. Hebhel, lit.
'breath,' also 'vanity.'
Abenaki - Algonquian,
lit. 'person of the dawn land.'
abet à 'to' +
beter 'to bait,'
from a Gmc. source, or O.N. beita
'cause to bite.'
abide O.E.
abidan, gebidan
'remain,' (see
bide)..
Abigail Heb.
Abhigayil, lit. 'my
father is rejoicing,' from abh
'father' + gil
'to rejoice.'
ablaze a 'on'
(see a- (1)) +
blaze.
ABM acronym for
anti-ballistic missile.
Abner Heb.
Abhner, lit. 'my
father is light,' from abh
'father' + ner
'light.'
aboard Fr. à
'on' + board
'board,' from Frank.
*bord (see
board
abode (see
abide
about - O.E.
on 'on' +
be 'by' +
utan 'outside.' By
13c. it had forced out O.E. ymbe
for meaning 'in the neighborhood of.'
Abouts, with
adverbial genitive, still found in
hereabouts,
above - O.E.
abufan, from
on 'on' +
bufan 'over,'
compound of be 'by'
+ ufan 'over/high,'
abracadabra Late Gk.
Abraxas,
abreast on brest,
from a- (1)
+ breast; the notion
is of 'with breasts in line.'
abroad O.E. on
brede, which meant something like 'at
wide.'
Abraham Heb.
Abraham 'father of a
multitude,' from abh
'father' +
*raham
Absalom Heb.
Abhshalom, lit.
'father is peace,' from abh
'father' + shalom
'peace.'
absinthe Fr., name for the plant L.
absinthum, from Gk.
apsinthion,
abut Fr.
abouter 'join end to
end,' from à 'to' +
bout 'end.'
abysmal (see
abyss).
abyss Gk.
abyssos from
a- 'without' +
byssos 'bottom,'
related to bathos
'depth
Abyssinia - old name for 'Ethiopia,'
1638, from Mod.L., from Ar.
Habasah,
Exercises for self study
自学练习
1. Practice visually comparing the
words in Part 1 to the words in Part 3.
Compare the word endings, and make a list of all the latin word
endings that you can find.
练习从视觉上将第一部分中的单词与第三部分中的单词进行比较。比较它们的词尾, 并将你能找出的拉丁语词尾列成一个表。
2. Look at the words in Part 2, and
learn those in the ‘Commonly used section’.
观察第二部分中的单词,并学习“常用的单词”一节中的单词。
3. Give 3 possible meanings for
this ‘root prefix’
给出三种这个“前缀词根”可能有的含义。
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