20.
花枝堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝---《摽有梅》
花枝堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝---《摽有梅》
| 诗经·召南·摽有梅》译注 |
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题解：待嫁女子渴望男方及时前来求婚 |
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| 原 文 |
译 文 |
注 释 |
| 摽有梅1， 其实七兮2！ 求我庶士3 |
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新浪博客
，
迨其吉兮4！
摽有梅，
其实三兮！
求我庶士，
迨其今兮5！
摽有梅，
顷筐塈之6！
求我庶士，
迨其谓之7！
★从抒情主人公的主观心态看，“急”就急在青春流逝而夫婿无觅。全诗三章，“庶士”三见。“庶”者，众多之意；“庶士”，意谓众多的小伙子。可见这位姑娘尚无意中人。她是在向整个男性世界寻觅、催促，呼唤爱情。青春无价，然流光易逝。“真正的青春，贞洁的妙龄的青春，周身充满了新鲜的血液、体态轻盈而不可侵犯的青春，这个时期只有几个月”(《罗丹艺术论·女性美》)。如今梅子黄熟，嫁期将尽，仍夫婿无觅，怎能不令人情急意迫！青春流逝，以落梅为比。“其实七兮”、“其实三兮”、“顷筐塈之”，由繁茂而衰落；这也正一遍遍在提醒“庶士”：“花枝堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。”唐无名氏《金缕曲》之忧心“无花空折枝”，似乎深有《摽有梅》之遗意。
An old maid
The fruits from mume-tree fall,
One-third of them away
If you love me at all
Woo me a luck day
The fruits from mume-tree fall
Two-thirds of them away
If you love me at all
Woo me this very day!
The fruits from mume-tree fall
Now all of them away
If you love me at all
You need not woo but say
Lying on the way
If want to marry me
You’d better not delay
You see the plums drop from the tree
Piling of the way
If you want to marry me
You’d better come today
You see the plums drop from the tree
In baskets on the way
If you want to marry me
You’d better come and say
英文版—卞之琳
PLOP FALL THE PLUMS
Plop fall the plums，
Seven yet to pluck.
You who court me，
Get ready for your luck.
Plop fall the plums，
Three still on the bough
You who court me，
It is time now.
Plop fall the plums，
All gathered in.
You who court me，
Just a word to win.
James Legge
Dropping are the fruits from the plum-tree;
There are [but] seven [tenths] of them left!
For the gentlemen who seek me,
This is the fortunate time!
Dropping are the fruits from the plum-tree;
There are [but] three [tenths] of them left!
For the gentlemen who seek me,
Now is the time.
Dropt are the fruits from the plum-tree;
In my shallow basket I have collected them.
Would the gentlemen who seek me
[Only] speak about it!
杨宪益
Plop, Fall the Plums
Plop, fall the plums;
Of ten on the tree, seven remain;
Let those who would court me
Come before the lucky day slips by.
Plop, fall the plums;
Of ten on the tree, three remain;
For those who would court me
Now is the time!
Plop, fall the plums;
Place them in flat baskets;
Let those who would court me
Come to the gathering!
C.F.R.Allen
'Why Don't the Men Propose?'
The plums are ripening quickly;
Nay, some are falling too;
'Tis surely time for suitors
To come to me and woo.
See more and more are falling
From off the parent tree.
Why don't the men come forward
To win a maid like me?
At length upon the plum-tree
No fruit can be espied,
Yet no one comes to court me,
Or bid me be his bride.
Herbert A. Giles
Desperate
The ripe plums are falling, —
One-third of them gone;
To my lovers I am calling,
''Tis time to come on!'
The ripe plums are dropping, —
Two-thirds are away;
''Tis time to be popping!'
To my lovers I say.
Down has dropt every plum;
In baskets they lie.
What, will no lover come?
'Now or never!' say I.
Arthur Waley
Plop fall the plums; but there are still seven.
Let those gentlemen that would court me
Come while it is lucky!
Plop fall the plums; there are still three.
Let any gentleman that would court me
Come before it is too late!
Plop fall the plums; in shallow basket we lay them.
Any gentleman who would court me
Had better speak while there is time.
迨其吉兮4！
摽有梅，
其实三兮！
求我庶士，
迨其今兮5！
摽有梅，
顷筐塈之6！
求我庶士，
迨其谓之7！
| 梅子落地纷纷， 树上还留七成。 有心求我的小伙子， 请不要耽误良辰。 梅子落地纷纷， 枝头只剩三成。 有心求我的小伙子， 到今儿切莫再等。 梅子纷纷落地， 收拾要用簸箕。 有心求我的小伙子， 快开口莫再迟疑。 |
1.摽（biào鳔）：一说坠落，一说掷、抛。有：语助词。 2.七：一说非实数，古人以七到十表示多，三以下表示少。 3.庶：众多。士：未婚男子。 4.迨（dài代）：及，趁。吉：好日子。 5.今：现在。 6.倾筐：斜口浅筐，犹今之簸箕。塈（jì既）：一说取，一说给。 7.谓：一说聚会；一说开口说话；一说归，嫁。 |
★从抒情主人公的主观心态看，“急”就急在青春流逝而夫婿无觅。全诗三章，“庶士”三见。“庶”者，众多之意；“庶士”，意谓众多的小伙子。可见这位姑娘尚无意中人。她是在向整个男性世界寻觅、催促，呼唤爱情。青春无价，然流光易逝。“真正的青春，贞洁的妙龄的青春，周身充满了新鲜的血液、体态轻盈而不可侵犯的青春，这个时期只有几个月”(《罗丹艺术论·女性美》)。如今梅子黄熟，嫁期将尽，仍夫婿无觅，怎能不令人情急意迫！青春流逝，以落梅为比。“其实七兮”、“其实三兮”、“顷筐塈之”，由繁茂而衰落；这也正一遍遍在提醒“庶士”：“花枝堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。”唐无名氏《金缕曲》之忧心“无花空折枝”，似乎深有《摽有梅》之遗意。
An old maid
The fruits from mume-tree fall,
One-third of them away
If you love me at all
Woo me a luck day
The fruits from mume-tree fall
Two-thirds of them away
If you love me at all
Woo me this very day!
The fruits from mume-tree fall
Now all of them away
If you love me at all
You need not woo but say
Lying on the way
If want to marry me
You’d better not delay
You see the plums drop from the tree
Piling of the way
If you want to marry me
You’d better come today
You see the plums drop from the tree
In baskets on the way
If you want to marry me
You’d better come and say
英文版—卞之琳
PLOP FALL THE PLUMS
Plop fall the plums，
Seven yet to pluck.
You who court me，
Get ready for your luck.
Plop fall the plums，
Three still on the bough
You who court me，
It is time now.
Plop fall the plums，
All gathered in.
You who court me，
Just a word to win.
James Legge
Dropping are the fruits from the plum-tree;
There are [but] seven [tenths] of them left!
For the gentlemen who seek me,
This is the fortunate time!
Dropping are the fruits from the plum-tree;
There are [but] three [tenths] of them left!
For the gentlemen who seek me,
Now is the time.
Dropt are the fruits from the plum-tree;
In my shallow basket I have collected them.
Would the gentlemen who seek me
[Only] speak about it!
杨宪益
Plop, Fall the Plums
Plop, fall the plums;
Of ten on the tree, seven remain;
Let those who would court me
Come before the lucky day slips by.
Plop, fall the plums;
Of ten on the tree, three remain;
For those who would court me
Now is the time!
Plop, fall the plums;
Place them in flat baskets;
Let those who would court me
Come to the gathering!
C.F.R.Allen
'Why Don't the Men Propose?'
The plums are ripening quickly;
Nay, some are falling too;
'Tis surely time for suitors
To come to me and woo.
See more and more are falling
From off the parent tree.
Why don't the men come forward
To win a maid like me?
At length upon the plum-tree
No fruit can be espied,
Yet no one comes to court me,
Or bid me be his bride.
Herbert A. Giles
Desperate
The ripe plums are falling, —
One-third of them gone;
To my lovers I am calling,
''Tis time to come on!'
The ripe plums are dropping, —
Two-thirds are away;
''Tis time to be popping!'
To my lovers I say.
Down has dropt every plum;
In baskets they lie.
What, will no lover come?
'Now or never!' say I.
Arthur Waley
Plop fall the plums; but there are still seven.
Let those gentlemen that would court me
Come while it is lucky!
Plop fall the plums; there are still three.
Let any gentleman that would court me
Come before it is too late!
Plop fall the plums; in shallow basket we lay them.
Any gentleman who would court me
Had better speak while there is time.