定语从句的几种特殊情况
2012-09-06 21:46阅读：
一、用that
而不用which
的几种情况
1. 先行词受到形容词最高级修饰时；
2. 先行词受到序数词修饰时；
3. 先行词受到only
修饰时；
4.
先行词本身是all、everything、anything、nothing
时；
示例
1：
这是我吃过的最甜的苹果。
=>These are the sweetest
apples that I have ever
eaten.
示例
2：
这是我今天吃的第三个苹果。
=>This is the third apple
that I have eaten
today.
示例
3：
互联网也不是我们所拥有的唯一工具。
=>And the Internet is not
the only tool (that) we
have.
(2011，阅读，Text2)
二、两种不同类别的定语从句：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1. 限制性定语从句
它对于所界定的人或事缺之不可，因为缺了就会造成所指不明.
例如，想在一群人中指出己的妻子，直接说The
woman is my
wife，会指代不明，这个时候用个限制性定语从句来修饰the
woman，便可以把目标锁定：The woman
who is in a red dress
is my wife.
2. 非限制性定语从句
在所指明确的情况下，它只是作为额外补充而已。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词只使用which
代替物不能使用that，替代人依然使用who
或whom
示例
1：
他曾参与普及一种理论，这种理论曾引起很大争议。
=>He helped popularize the
idea, which aroused much
controversy.
(2008，完型)
示例
2：
莎士比亚本人也是一个演员（也留着胡须），并且也做着一份“制造噪音”的工作，你更会感到这些居民的所作所为既有讽刺意味又好笑。
=> It’s all deliciously ironic
when you consider that
Shakespeare, who earns their
living, was himself an actor
(with
a beard) and did his share
of
noise-making..(2006，阅读，Text2)
四、when、how、why、where
这些关系副词其实是介词+名词的组合结果
示例
1：
他是在这么一个时间到的。我那时正在忙着打扫办公室。
=>He arrived at a time.
I was busy cleaning up
the office at that
time.
=>He arrived at a time
at which I was busy
cleaning up the office.
=>He arrived at a time
when I was busy cleaning
up the office.
示例
2：
这狗学会了那个方法。他可以用这种方法从外面打开门。
=>The dog has learned about
the way. He can open the
door in that way from
outside.
=>The dog has learned about
the way in which he can
open the door from
outside.
=>The dog has learned about
the way how he can open
the door from outside.
示例
3：
我不知道原因。他就是为这个原因而冲我吼叫的。
=>I don’t know the reason.
He yelled at me for this
reason.
=>I don’t know the reason
for which he yelled at
me.
=>I don’t know the reason
why he yelled at
me.
五、关系代词属于先行词一部分的情况需要与of
配合
示例
1：
这老人有三个儿子。其中的两位是警官。
=>The old man has three
sons. Two of the sons are
police officers.
=>The old man has three
sons, two of whom are
police officers.
示例
2：
他给了我三个借口，没有一个听起来是真的。
=>He gave me three excuses.
None of the excuses sounded
real.
=>He gave me three excuses,
none of which sounded
real.
黄腾解题圣经：
真题演练
1.（10福建24）Stephen Hawking believes
that earth is unlikely to
be the only planet
life has developed
gradually.
A. that B. where C.
which D. whose
2. （10湖南28）I've become good friends
with several of the students
in my school
I met in the
English speech contest last
year.
A. who
B. where
C. when
D. which
3.（10江西31）
The girl
arranged to have piano lessons
at the training centre with
her sister ______ she would
stay for an hour.
A where
B who
C which
D what
4.（10山东24.）That’s the new machine
______ parts are too small
to be seen.
A. that
B. which
C.
whose D.
What
5.（10上海38）Wind power is an
ancient source of energy
we may return in
the near future.
A. on which
B. by which
C. to which
D.
from which
6.（10天津8）—Can you believe I
had to pay 30 dollars for
a haircut?
—You should try the barber’s
I go. It’s
only 15.
A. as
B. which
C. where
D. that
7.（10四川10）After graduating from
college，I took some time off
to go travelling，
turned out to
be a wise decision．
A．that
B．which
C．when
D．where
8.（10全国Ⅰ24）
As a child
, Jack studied in a
village school ,____ is named
after his grandfather.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. that
9.（10江苏32）The newly built café,
the walls of_______ are painted
light green, is really a
peaceful place for us, specially
after hard work.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. which
10.（10陕西11）The old temple _______
roof was damaged in storm
is now under repair.
A. where
B. which
C. its
D.
Whose
11.（10全国Ⅱ16）I refuse to accept
the blame for something
________was someone else’s fault.
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. what
12.（10北京27）Children who are not
active or
diet is high in
fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what
B. whose
C.
which
D. that www. ks5u.
com/gaokao/beijing
13.（10重庆28）In china, the number
of cities is increasing
________development is recognized
across the world.
A. where B. which C.
whose D. that
14.（10浙江3）The settlement is home
to nearly 1,000 people, many
of
left their
village homes for a better
life in the city.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．those
