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章振邦语法英语句子汉译:层次分句

2020-03-03 19:52阅读:
章振邦语法英语句子汉译:层次分句
分句按语法功能,可分为独立分句 (independent clause)和从属分句 (Dependent /Subordinate Clause)。译文不要被源语言文本的句法结构控制,但必须再现源语言文本的信息结构和功能-意念目标。
[1] The producers are able to supple a small part of our needs.
这些生产商有能力提供一小部分我们需要的东西。
[2] He knows everything about it. (独立分句)
他知道的一切都有关此事。
[3] I am sure he knows everything about it.
(从属分句)
我相信他所知道的一切都有关此事。
[4] That hat does not fit; you may try another. (独立分句)

那帽子不合适,你可以试试另外一顶哟!
[5] If that hat does not fit, try another. (从属分句)

如果那顶帽子不合适,就试试另外一顶吧!
[6] Some of your answers were correct, but I do not remember which. (独立分句)

有些答案是正确的,但是我不记得是哪些了。
[7] I do not remember which of your answers were correct. (从属分句)

我不记得哪几个答案是正确的了。
[8] His new book will soon come out. It is on grammar. (独立分句)

他的新书会很快出来,专门探讨语法。
[9] His new book that will soon come out is on grammar. (从属分句)

他的新作会很快出版,专门研究语法。
简单分句和复杂分句:简单分句单独出现的是“简单句' (Simple Sentence) 带有其他主谓结构作为分句成分的分句是复杂分句(complex clause) 。一个单独出现的复杂分句也就是“复杂句' (complex sentence)
[1] It is not true. (独立简单分句/简单句)
那不真实。
[2] What you said is not true. (独立复杂分句/复杂句)
所有你说的都不真实。
[3] He said that it was not true. (从属简单分句)
他说那不真实。
[4] He complained that what you said was not true. (从属复杂分句)
他抱怨所有你说的都不真实。


主句和从句:主句 (main clause) 是相对于从句 (subordinate clause) 而言 “从句”即从属分句,可以直接从属千另一分句,作为分句成分,也可以从属于一个词组,作为词组的一部分。带有从屈分句作为自已成分的分句便是主句,充当主句的一个成分的分句便是从句 主句和从句的关系是相对的 在一个复杂结构中是主句的,在另一复杂结构中则又可能是从句
[1] He complained that what you said was not true. (见教材第1讲第8页。)

他抱怨所有你说的都不真实。
章振邦语法英语句子汉译:层次分句
限定分句、非限定分句、无动词分句:以限定动词词组作谓语动词的分句叫做限定分句 (finite clause) 以非限定动词词组(不定式、 - i ng 分词、 -ed分词)作谓语动词的分句叫做非限定分句 (non-finite clause),包括独立主格结构(nominative absolute construction) 一个主谓结构如果不带任何形式的动词词组作谓语动词便是“无动词分句' (verbless clause) [1] I signed the paper to get the license.
我但是签文件是为了拿许可证。
[2] Renee bought a book to read on the plane.
蕾妮当时买本书看看是为了乘飞机。
[3] It is forbidden to smoke in this room.
禁止抽烟的是这个房间。
[4] C
an't you recall telling me that story last week?
你不记得给我讲故事就在上周?
[5] The man, wearing such darkglasses, obviously could not see clearly.
那个人戴的是暗色眼镜,显然他是不可能看得清楚的。
[6] Leaving the room, he tripped over the mat.
在离开时间的时候,他绊倒在垫子上。
[7] Covered with confusion, they apologized abjectly.
一片混乱,他们的道歉很卑微。
[8] The discussion completed, the Chairman adjourned the meeting for half an hour.
讨论结束时,主席宣布休会半小时。
[9] Confident of the justice of their cause, they agreed to put their case before the arbitration panel.
深信自己的是正义事业,所以他们同意把案子交给仲裁委员会。
[10] One of the most popular tourist sites in Italy, Pompeii was viewed by nearly two
million visitors last year.
最受欢迎的旅游景点是意大利的庞贝城,参观的有差不多两百万客人,就在去年哟!
[11] Christmas then only days away, the family was pent up with excitement .
圣诞节只隔几天了,这一家子都沉浸在兴奋之中。









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