指示代词和指示限定词
指示代词 (demonstrative pronoun)this, that, these , those 与指示限定 (demonstrative determiner) 同形，关于这两类词的用法可以放在一起阐述 另外，还有一个such类似于指示代词和指示限定词。
1) 指人还是指物
指示代词 this/that, these/those 通常指物，不指人。
This had resulted in a score or
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指示代词和指示限定词
指示代词 (demonstrative pronoun)this, that, these , those 与指示限定 (demonstrative determiner) 同形，关于这两类词的用法可以放在一起阐述 另外，还有一个such类似于指示代词和指示限定词。
1) 指人还是指物
指示代词 this/that, these/those 通常指物，不指人。
This had resulted in a score or
more deaths.
This chair
Things such as these are the best themes (主题） for
Of all the pictures I like those best.
但是，指示限定词的用法比较灵活，它们既可指物，也可指人 试比较：
x Is she going to marry than?
Is she going to marry that man? 她会嫁给那个男的？
x Come and meet these ove he e.
Come and meet these people over here.
当指示代词单独用作某些 SVC 结构的主语时，它们才既可指物，也可指人，比如当说话人时，可以说：
This is my sister.这是我妹妹。
That is her
These my parents. Those are my children.这两位是我父母。那些是我的孩子。
Are these the students who have
This is Johnny. Is that Susan? （电话用语）我是约翰尼，你是苏珊吗？
总之，用指示代词指人是受到严格限制的。
2) 指近还是指远
对千说话人来说，指示对象距离的远近也关系到指示词 (demonstrative) 的选择间题 一般说来，指近用 this
This is my friend Charlie Brown.
That is David my roommate (pointing out someone in a crowd).
Here we are. This is our hotel, isn't it?
We are
These cabins are for
在时间观念上，也有远近之分：一般说来， this/these 常用以表示现在或不久将来的 态，而 that /those
How very nice to see you again after all these years!
Do you still remember the days when the city was under
3） 后照应与前照应
It will be a long time before
Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light up (喜气洋洋） He had spotted a tiny bottle
he asked sarcastically (讥讽地） . 'You should have declared that.
The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet unde the sea. These alone took sixteen months
Boxing matches we very popular
还可把上文中整个分 句、整个句子甚至若干个句子所表达 的意思作为自己 照应对象 ，叫“广阔照应 (broad reference) ,照应 对象不限千一个名词。
At first glance, the desert seems completely barren of animal life, but this is an illusion. 乍看起来，这块不毛之地完全没有动物 但这是一种错觉。
The beginning of the book is more
This chair
Things such as these are the best themes (主题） for
Of all the pictures I like those best.
但是，指示限定词的用法比较灵活，它们既可指物，也可指人 试比较：
x Is she going to marry than?
Is she going to marry that man? 她会嫁给那个男的？
x Come and meet these ove he e.
Come and meet these people over here.
当指示代词单独用作某些 SVC 结构的主语时，它们才既可指物，也可指人，比如当说话人时，可以说：
This is my sister.这是我妹妹。
That is her
These my parents. Those are my children.这两位是我父母。那些是我的孩子。
Are these the students who have
This is Johnny. Is that Susan? （电话用语）我是约翰尼，你是苏珊吗？
总之，用指示代词指人是受到严格限制的。
2) 指近还是指远
对千说话人来说，指示对象距离的远近也关系到指示词 (demonstrative) 的选择间题 一般说来，指近用 this
This is my friend Charlie Brown.
That is David my roommate (pointing out someone in a crowd).
Here we are. This is our hotel, isn't it?
We are
These cabins are for
在时间观念上，也有远近之分：一般说来， this/these 常用以表示现在或不久将来的 态，而 that /those
How very nice to see you again after all these years!
Do you still remember the days when the city was under
3） 后照应与前照应
It will be a long time before
Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light up (喜气洋洋） He had spotted a tiny bottle
he asked sarcastically (讥讽地） . 'You should have declared that.
The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet unde the sea. These alone took sixteen months
Boxing matches we very popular
还可把上文中整个分 句、整个句子甚至若干个句子所表达 的意思作为自己 照应对象 ，叫“广阔照应 (broad reference) ,照应 对象不限千一个名词。
At first glance, the desert seems completely barren of animal life, but this is an illusion. 乍看起来，这块不毛之地完全没有动物 但这是一种错觉。
The beginning of the book is more