语态 (voice)是个语法范畴 ，它是表示主语和谓语动词之间的主动或被动关系的动形式 英语动词有两种语态 主动态 (active voice) 和被动态 (passive voice) 当主语是施动者时，随后的动词用主动态 当主语是受动者时 随后的动词便用被动态。英语动词的主动态是没有语法标记的，而被动态则是有标记的，通常是由助动词 be 的一定形式加及物动词的 -ed 分词构成。
[1] The Dodgers beat
新浪博客
语态 (voice)是个语法范畴 ，它是表示主语和谓语动词之间的主动或被动关系的动形式 英语动词有两种语态 主动态 (active voice) 和被动态 (passive voice) 当主语是施动者时，随后的动词用主动态 当主语是受动者时 随后的动词便用被动态。英语动词的主动态是没有语法标记的，而被动态则是有标记的，通常是由助动词 be 的一定形式加及物动词的 -ed 分词构成。
[1] The Dodgers beat
SPAN> Yankees.
[2] The Yankees were beaten by the Dodgers.
[3] Millions of people play baseball in the United States. 有数百万人打棒球的情况是在合众国。
[4] Baseball is played by millions of people in the United States.
由主动态动词词组作谓语动词的句子叫做主动句 (active sentence)；而以被动态动词词组作谓语动词的旬子便叫做被动句 (passive sentence) , 如以上[2][4] 两例 主动态和被动态属于词法，而主动句和被动旬则属于句法。被动态动词词组也可有不同的时、体形式。
一般现在时
The boy is regarded as brilliant.
一般过去时
This book was published in 1998.
现在进行体
The visitors are being met at the airport.
过去进行体
He told me that the machine was being repaired.
现在完成体
The car has been tuned up.
过去完成体
Last month, the new road had been opened to traffic.
被动态动词还可有非限定形式，仍以主动词 play为例，它的不定式被动态的一般形式是 (to) be
This will be done immediately.
It used to be done this way.
The play is going to be produced on three successive evenings.
These shoes will have to be repaired.
His hair must have been dyed.
It can't have been lost in the post, can it?
2) GET- 型被动态
被动态还可由 get+ -ed 分词构成，叫做 get- 型被动态 (GET-passive) 。
It's upsetting when a person gets punished for
The boy got hurt on his way home from work.
Our house is /
The mail has /
在情态助动词和半助动词之后， get- 型被动态也要用不定式。
Do you mind working nights? You'll get paid
It is said that Charles is to get married.
但在否定句和疑问句中， get 不能充当操作词 (operator) , 须用助动词 do 的一定形式。
It was broken.
It wasn't broken.
How was it broken?
get- 型被动态和 be- 型被动态在基本语义上无甚区别 get- 型被动态通常只用于随常口语，通常强调动作 比如，常用来表示某些未曾预料的突发事件，或者用于 In the end, Eventually,
He got caught by the police driving at 60 kms through Cambridge.
He got killed by the bus.
In the end he got invited.
3) 词组动词的被动语态
如前所述，词组动词有三种基本形式，即“动词＋介词”、“动词＋副词小品词”、“动词＋副词小品词＋介词“，当它们用作及物动词时，一般都可以变为被动态 这时，词组动词应视为一个单词及物动词，其后的介词或副词小品词不可略去。
a) 动词＋介词，如 look after, look into, talk about。
The children are well looked after.
This matter is being
Other
b) 动词＋副词小品词，如 set up , put off, bring about。
When was the hospital set up?医院是什么时候建的？
The sports meet is to be put off.运动会要推迟。
A new outburst of revolutionary enthusiasm will soon be brought about.
c) 动词＋副词小品词＋介词，如 do away with, face up to, put up with。
That sort of thing should be done away with.
There's no running away from the facts; they just have to be faced up to.
Such a state of things cannot be put up with.
除上述三种词组动词外 ，还有一种由“动词＋名词＋介词“构成的词组动词，如 take care of, make a
We took great
His books were taken
第二种形式是把词组动词看作“动词＋宾语＋介词词组”结构处理。
He took great care
Great care was taken of his books.
注意 ：采用第二种形式时要把整个介词词组放到被动态动词的后面去。
They had made a mess of the house. (主动句）
The house had been made a mess of (被动句，第一种形式）
A mess had been made of the house. (被动句，第二种形式）
4) 非限定动词的被动态
不定式和 -ing 分词也都可以有被动态 。
a) 不定式的被动态
I am proud to be thus chosen.
I hope to be nominated.
It was nasty for Mary to be hurt. 真烦，玛丽受了伤。
To fetch water
There is so much work to do /
b) -ing 分词的被动语态
The problem being discussed is of vital importance. 问题正在讨论，至关重要。
I object to being kept waiting.
The workers were proud of their products being
I insisted on him /
不定式和 -ing 分词的被动态都可作动词宾语，有时意义相同，有时不同。
He wants to be invited.
He enjoys being flattered.
He likes to be consulted /
He forgot to be photographed.
He forgot that he had to be photographed.
He forgot being photographed.
He forgot that he had been photographed.
[2] The Yankees were beaten by the Dodgers.
[3] Millions of people play baseball in the United States. 有数百万人打棒球的情况是在合众国。
[4] Baseball is played by millions of people in the United States.
由主动态动词词组作谓语动词的句子叫做主动句 (active sentence)；而以被动态动词词组作谓语动词的旬子便叫做被动句 (passive sentence) , 如以上[2][4] 两例 主动态和被动态属于词法，而主动句和被动旬则属于句法。被动态动词词组也可有不同的时、体形式。
一般现在时
The boy is regarded as brilliant.
一般过去时
This book was published in 1998.
现在进行体
The visitors are being met at the airport.
过去进行体
He told me that the machine was being repaired.
现在完成体
The car has been tuned up.
过去完成体
Last month, the new road had been opened to traffic.
被动态动词还可有非限定形式，仍以主动词 play为例，它的不定式被动态的一般形式是 (to) be
This will be done immediately.
It used to be done this way.
The play is going to be produced on three successive evenings.
These shoes will have to be repaired.
His hair must have been dyed.
It can't have been lost in the post, can it?
2) GET- 型被动态
被动态还可由 get+ -ed 分词构成，叫做 get- 型被动态 (GET-passive) 。
It's upsetting when a person gets punished for
The boy got hurt on his way home from work.
Our house is /
The mail has /
在情态助动词和半助动词之后， get- 型被动态也要用不定式。
Do you mind working nights? You'll get paid
It is said that Charles is to get married.
但在否定句和疑问句中， get 不能充当操作词 (operator) , 须用助动词 do 的一定形式。
It was broken.
It wasn't broken.
How was it broken?
get- 型被动态和 be- 型被动态在基本语义上无甚区别 get- 型被动态通常只用于随常口语，通常强调动作 比如，常用来表示某些未曾预料的突发事件，或者用于 In the end, Eventually,
He got caught by the police driving at 60 kms through Cambridge.
He got killed by the bus.
In the end he got invited.
3) 词组动词的被动语态
如前所述，词组动词有三种基本形式，即“动词＋介词”、“动词＋副词小品词”、“动词＋副词小品词＋介词“，当它们用作及物动词时，一般都可以变为被动态 这时，词组动词应视为一个单词及物动词，其后的介词或副词小品词不可略去。
a) 动词＋介词，如 look after, look into, talk about。
The children are well looked after.
This matter is being
Other
b) 动词＋副词小品词，如 set up , put off, bring about。
When was the hospital set up?医院是什么时候建的？
The sports meet is to be put off.运动会要推迟。
A new outburst of revolutionary enthusiasm will soon be brought about.
c) 动词＋副词小品词＋介词，如 do away with, face up to, put up with。
That sort of thing should be done away with.
There's no running away from the facts; they just have to be faced up to.
Such a state of things cannot be put up with.
除上述三种词组动词外 ，还有一种由“动词＋名词＋介词“构成的词组动词，如 take care of, make a
We took great
His books were taken
第二种形式是把词组动词看作“动词＋宾语＋介词词组”结构处理。
He took great care
Great care was taken of his books.
注意 ：采用第二种形式时要把整个介词词组放到被动态动词的后面去。
They had made a mess of the house. (主动句）
The house had been made a mess of (被动句，第一种形式）
A mess had been made of the house. (被动句，第二种形式）
4) 非限定动词的被动态
不定式和 -ing 分词也都可以有被动态 。
a) 不定式的被动态
I am proud to be thus chosen.
I hope to be nominated.
It was nasty for Mary to be hurt. 真烦，玛丽受了伤。
To fetch water
There is so much work to do /
b) -ing 分词的被动语态
The problem being discussed is of vital importance. 问题正在讨论，至关重要。
I object to being kept waiting.
The workers were proud of their products being
I insisted on him /
不定式和 -ing 分词的被动态都可作动词宾语，有时意义相同，有时不同。
He wants to be invited.
He enjoys being flattered.
He likes to be consulted /
He forgot to be photographed.
He forgot that he had to be photographed.
He forgot being photographed.
He forgot that he had been photographed.