情态助动词表示“意愿'、”意图”、“决心'
1）表示“意愿”
表示“意愿' (willingness), 即愿意做某事，可用 will, would, shall, will 表示“意愿＂，可用于一切人称的主语。
I will
Who
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情态助动词表示“意愿'、”意图”、“决心'
1）表示“意愿”
表示“意愿' (willingness), 即愿意做某事，可用 will, would, shall, will 表示“意愿＂，可用于一切人称的主语。
I will
Who
will
My sister will help you with the luggage.
You can help me if you will.
will 相当于 be willing to。
Will
Will Alice accept the invitation?
will 用于第二人称主语请求句时，为了缓和可能含有的命令口气，可在 Will you 之后增添礼貌词语。
Will
Will you kindly
还可用 Would you, Would you please, Would you be good enough to, Would you like to, Would you
Would you pass me the salt, please?
Would you
Would you be good enough to send me some books?
Would you be so kind as to look after my luggage when I am away?
表示客气的请求，用 Would you ... ? 但表示接受请求时，要用 will, 而不用 would。
Would you lend me your pen a minute? - Certainly, I will.
Would you write to me as soon as you arrive? - Yes, I will.
表示“不愿意”，用 will not / won't。
I will not do anything solely for money.
I sent Alice the
You'll lend me a hand, won't you?
表示过去的”意愿”或过去不愿意做某事，可用 would, would not / wouldn't, 这种用法常见于间接引语中和过去时间语境中。
I asked him if he would help me with my writing.
When I was at college, I wouldn't read any books solely for pleasure.
He said that he would never do anything like that.
shall 表示“意愿”一般适用于第二、三人称主语 这时，
You shall stay with us as long as you like.
= I'm willing to let you stay with us as long as you like.
He shall be praised if he works hard for the people.
= I'll see that he is praised if he works hard for the people.
shall 表示“意愿＂，在疑问句中是征询听话人的”意愿＂。
Shall you take a holiday this summer?
Shall my daughter do the shopping for you?
表示“意愿＂，还可用形容词、副词 willing, willingly。
He's quite willing to come.
Were they willing to help?
Did they do it willingly.
Is your father willing for
18 199She is not willing that she should get married at such an early age.
Will 用作名词表”意愿＂，常见于 against one's will:
She was married against her will.
2) 表示“意图”
表示 意图 (intention) 即“打算“做某事，也可用
I will (= am going to) write to her tomorrow.
Why will you go there?
I'll
We won't stay longer than two days.
He won't help me unless I accept his offer.
如果表示过去的”意图＇或用在间接引语中，便可用 would。
He would see her the next day, so he didn't write to her.
He said he wouldn't
shall 表示“意图＇，常见于第二、三人称主语之后，表示说话人的意图。
You shall get a promotion.(= I' ll give you a promotion.)
He shan't come here. (= I won't let him come here.)
They shall not pass.(= We won't let them pass.)
shall 表示“意图”，若用于第一人称主语，听起来比较古板，在现代英语的口语中通常避免使用，这时shall
We will
I won't
Shall 示“意图 ”用千疑问句中 (Shall l
Shall I carry the suitcase for you? = Do you want me to carry your suitcase?
Shall we have dinner? = Let's have dinner, shall we? / Do you agree with my intention to have
在美式英语中， shall 不管是表示“预见“（即表示“将来')、意愿”或“意图＇ ，都常为 will 所取代，即使在征询说话人”意图＇的疑问句中， Shall I
Should I turn off the light?
What should we do now?
表示“意图 ”，除用 will, shall, be going to 外，还可用 intend, plan, mean, intention，等。
I intend
It's my intention
Where do you plan
I don't intend to do it.
I have no intention of doing it.
He means
Do you think they intended
We intended
3) 表示“决心”
表示“决心' 即坚持要做某事，也可用 will, would, shall, 均须重读，且不能用缩略形式 will 表示“决心”或“坚待'(insistence), 可用千一切人称的主语。
I'will(= am determined to) take the job and no one is going to stop me.
I 'won't go back on my
If you'will eat(= insist on eating) too much pastry, you can't complain
If you 'will go, you may go at once.
He'will go out(= insists on going out) without an overcoat although the weather is so cold.
He'won't do (= insists on not doing) what he's told.
如果表示过去的＂决心”，即过去坚持做某事，便可用 would。
She'would marry him (= insisted on marrying him) in spite of my warning that it was unwise.
He'would climb the mountain regardless of danger.
The annoying thing was that she 'would make a muddle of almost anything.
shall (表示“决心')主要用于第二、三人称主语，表示说话人的强烈意志和决心。
You'shall obey my orders. = I insist that you obey my order.
He'shall leave the country at once. = I insist that he leave the country at once.
They'shall do what I told them to.= I'm determined to make them do it.
shall 作这一用法的否定形式 shall not / shan't 则表示说话人“禁止”或“威胁＂。
You 'shan't get away with it.= I will never allow you to get away with it.
You 'shall not have it; it's mine.= I don't allow you to have it.
No one 'shall stop me. = I don't allow anybody to stop me.
Foreign countries 'shall not interfere in our internal affairs. = We are determined not to allow any
表示＇｀决心” 还可用以下词汇手段。
I'm determined to study German well.
I was resolved to discuss with the professor in pe son
He determined
His determination
My sister will help you with the luggage.
You can help me if you will.
will 相当于 be willing to。
Will
Will Alice accept the invitation?
will 用于第二人称主语请求句时，为了缓和可能含有的命令口气，可在 Will you 之后增添礼貌词语。
Will
Will you kindly
还可用 Would you, Would you please, Would you be good enough to, Would you like to, Would you
Would you pass me the salt, please?
Would you
Would you be good enough to send me some books?
Would you be so kind as to look after my luggage when I am away?
表示客气的请求，用 Would you ... ? 但表示接受请求时，要用 will, 而不用 would。
Would you lend me your pen a minute? - Certainly, I will.
Would you write to me as soon as you arrive? - Yes, I will.
表示“不愿意”，用 will not / won't。
I will not do anything solely for money.
I sent Alice the
You'll lend me a hand, won't you?
表示过去的”意愿”或过去不愿意做某事，可用 would, would not / wouldn't, 这种用法常见于间接引语中和过去时间语境中。
I asked him if he would help me with my writing.
When I was at college, I wouldn't read any books solely for pleasure.
He said that he would never do anything like that.
shall 表示“意愿”一般适用于第二、三人称主语 这时，
You shall stay with us as long as you like.
= I'm willing to let you stay with us as long as you like.
He shall be praised if he works hard for the people.
= I'll see that he is praised if he works hard for the people.
shall 表示“意愿＂，在疑问句中是征询听话人的”意愿＂。
Shall you take a holiday this summer?
Shall my daughter do the shopping for you?
表示“意愿＂，还可用形容词、副词 willing, willingly。
He's quite willing to come.
Were they willing to help?
Did they do it willingly.
Is your father willing for
18 199She is not willing that she should get married at such an early age.
Will 用作名词表”意愿＂，常见于 against one's will:
She was married against her will.
2) 表示“意图”
表示 意图 (intention) 即“打算“做某事，也可用
I will (= am going to) write to her tomorrow.
Why will you go there?
I'll
We won't stay longer than two days.
He won't help me unless I accept his offer.
如果表示过去的”意图＇或用在间接引语中，便可用 would。
He would see her the next day, so he didn't write to her.
He said he wouldn't
shall 表示“意图＇，常见于第二、三人称主语之后，表示说话人的意图。
You shall get a promotion.(= I' ll give you a promotion.)
He shan't come here. (= I won't let him come here.)
They shall not pass.(= We won't let them pass.)
shall 表示“意图”，若用于第一人称主语，听起来比较古板，在现代英语的口语中通常避免使用，这时shall
We will
I won't
Shall 示“意图 ”用千疑问句中 (Shall l
Shall I carry the suitcase for you? = Do you want me to carry your suitcase?
Shall we have dinner? = Let's have dinner, shall we? / Do you agree with my intention to have
在美式英语中， shall 不管是表示“预见“（即表示“将来')、意愿”或“意图＇ ，都常为 will 所取代，即使在征询说话人”意图＇的疑问句中， Shall I
Should I turn off the light?
What should we do now?
表示“意图 ”，除用 will, shall, be going to 外，还可用 intend, plan, mean, intention，等。
I intend
It's my intention
Where do you plan
I don't intend to do it.
I have no intention of doing it.
He means
Do you think they intended
We intended
3) 表示“决心”
表示“决心' 即坚持要做某事，也可用 will, would, shall, 均须重读，且不能用缩略形式 will 表示“决心”或“坚待'(insistence), 可用千一切人称的主语。
I'will(= am determined to) take the job and no one is going to stop me.
I 'won't go back on my
If you'will eat(= insist on eating) too much pastry, you can't complain
If you 'will go, you may go at once.
He'will go out(= insists on going out) without an overcoat although the weather is so cold.
He'won't do (= insists on not doing) what he's told.
如果表示过去的＂决心”，即过去坚持做某事，便可用 would。
She'would marry him (= insisted on marrying him) in spite of my warning that it was unwise.
He'would climb the mountain regardless of danger.
The annoying thing was that she 'would make a muddle of almost anything.
shall (表示“决心')主要用于第二、三人称主语，表示说话人的强烈意志和决心。
You'shall obey my orders. = I insist that you obey my order.
He'shall leave the country at once. = I insist that he leave the country at once.
They'shall do what I told them to.= I'm determined to make them do it.
shall 作这一用法的否定形式 shall not / shan't 则表示说话人“禁止”或“威胁＂。
You 'shan't get away with it.= I will never allow you to get away with it.
You 'shall not have it; it's mine.= I don't allow you to have it.
No one 'shall stop me. = I don't allow anybody to stop me.
Foreign countries 'shall not interfere in our internal affairs. = We are determined not to allow any
表示＇｀决心” 还可用以下词汇手段。
I'm determined to study German well.
I was resolved to discuss with the professor in pe son
He determined
His determination