-ed 分词分句
-ed 分词作谓语动词的分句结构叫做 -ed 分词分句。
1)-ed 分词分句的结构模式
-ed 分词分旬也分为不带主语和从属连词的、带从属连词的和带主语的三种。
a) 不带主语和从属连词的 -ed 分词分句
-ed 分词分句可以既不带主语也不带从属连词。
Covered with confusion (心烦意乱）， she hurriedly lef
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-ed 分词分句
-ed 分词作谓语动词的分句结构叫做 -ed 分词分句。
1)-ed 分词分句的结构模式
-ed 分词分旬也分为不带主语和从属连词的、带从属连词的和带主语的三种。
a) 不带主语和从属连词的 -ed 分词分句
-ed 分词分句可以既不带主语也不带从属连词。
Covered with confusion (心烦意乱）， she hurriedly lef
t the room.
The castle, burnt down in 1485 (1485年烧毁）， was never rebuilt.
Not a single case of T.B. was found in the X-rays studied (= that had been studied).
第一、二例中的 ed 分词分句的逻辑主语是主句的主语，第三例的逻辑主语是介词补足成分 the X-rays（爱克斯光片子）。
b) 带从属连词的 -ed 分词分句
这里所说的从属连词可以是 when, though/ although, as if/ as though, if, even if, once,unless, until 等。
This dictionary will look nice when printed (印成后）．
Though surrounded 虽受包围） the
He threw himself from his horse and lay still as if shot (好像被枪打死似的）．
If left alone on a desert island (如果把你单独一人留在荒岛上） what would you do first?
Even if invited (即使受到邀请）， I
Once published (一出版）， the book caused a remarkable stir (引起轰动）．
Do not leave the building unless instructed (没有得到命令）．
上述带从属连词的 -ed 分词分句也可以看作是一种省略从属分句，省略的部分总是“主语+ be 的一定形式”，省略的主语即分句逻辑主语
c) 带主语的 -ed 分词分句
-ed 分词分句本身也能带有自己的主语。
The job finished (工作完成后）， we went home straight away.
Her shirt caught on a nail (由于衬衫钓在钉子上）， she could not move.
这里的 -ed 分词分句也可以视为省略了 being /
My work done(= My work being done), I went to bed
The purse not yet found(= The purse not having been found), we went to the police.
这种带有自己主语的 ed 分词分句传统称为“独立结构＂ 这种“独立结构”有时也能由 with引导。
With the tree grown ta we get more shade.
They sat in the room with the curtains drawn.
2)-ed 分词分句的句法功能
关于 ed 分词作名词的前置修饰语以及 ed 分词结构作补语的用法已在前面介绍过。现在看-ed词分句作名词的后置修饰语以及在句中作状语的用法。
a) -ed 分词分句作后置修饰语通常相当于一个缩略的关系分句
The men, soaked with sweat from an all-night march, immediately went into action.
One of the houses wrecked by the storm belonged to my grandfather.
-ed分词作状语可表示多种意义，比如作时间状语．
Heated, the metal expands.
Once appointed supreme commander, he took the stern measures expected of him.
作原因状语
Deeply moved, he thanked her again and again.
Absorbed in his work, Jim neglected food and sleep.
作条件状语
United, we stand; divided, we fall.
Seen in this light, the matter
作让步状语
Left to his own devices, Charles did not relax his efforts.
Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandhi (甘地)
（非暴力抵抗主义）
表示伴随状况
I made a leisurely round of the town, fascinated by the
He went to Beijing that winter, disguised as a merchant.
The castle, burnt down in 1485 (1485年烧毁）， was never rebuilt.
Not a single case of T.B. was found in the X-rays studied (= that had been studied).
第一、二例中的 ed 分词分句的逻辑主语是主句的主语，第三例的逻辑主语是介词补足成分 the X-rays（爱克斯光片子）。
b) 带从属连词的 -ed 分词分句
这里所说的从属连词可以是 when, though/ although, as if/ as though, if, even if, once,unless, until 等。
This dictionary will look nice when printed (印成后）．
Though surrounded 虽受包围） the
He threw himself from his horse and lay still as if shot (好像被枪打死似的）．
If left alone on a desert island (如果把你单独一人留在荒岛上） what would you do first?
Even if invited (即使受到邀请）， I
Once published (一出版）， the book caused a remarkable stir (引起轰动）．
Do not leave the building unless instructed (没有得到命令）．
上述带从属连词的 -ed 分词分句也可以看作是一种省略从属分句，省略的部分总是“主语+ be 的一定形式”，省略的主语即分句逻辑主语
c) 带主语的 -ed 分词分句
-ed 分词分句本身也能带有自己的主语。
The job finished (工作完成后）， we went home straight away.
Her shirt caught on a nail (由于衬衫钓在钉子上）， she could not move.
这里的 -ed 分词分句也可以视为省略了 being /
My work done(= My work being done), I went to bed
The purse not yet found(= The purse not having been found), we went to the police.
这种带有自己主语的 ed 分词分句传统称为“独立结构＂ 这种“独立结构”有时也能由 with引导。
With the tree grown ta we get more shade.
They sat in the room with the curtains drawn.
2)-ed 分词分句的句法功能
关于 ed 分词作名词的前置修饰语以及 ed 分词结构作补语的用法已在前面介绍过。现在看-ed词分句作名词的后置修饰语以及在句中作状语的用法。
a) -ed 分词分句作后置修饰语通常相当于一个缩略的关系分句
The men, soaked with sweat from an all-night march, immediately went into action.
One of the houses wrecked by the storm belonged to my grandfather.
-ed分词作状语可表示多种意义，比如作时间状语．
Heated, the metal expands.
Once appointed supreme commander, he took the stern measures expected of him.
作原因状语
Deeply moved, he thanked her again and again.
Absorbed in his work, Jim neglected food and sleep.
作条件状语
United, we stand; divided, we fall.
Seen in this light, the matter
作让步状语
Left to his own devices, Charles did not relax his efforts.
Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandhi (甘地)
（非暴力抵抗主义）
表示伴随状况
I made a leisurely round of the town, fascinated by the
He went to Beijing that winter, disguised as a merchant.