25.3 若干副词之语义辨析
1) alternately, alternatively
这两个副词容易混淆： alternately 意为“交替＂、＂轮流”，描写两个动作或过程交替更迭或轮流发生.
She wore her
We work our
I studied English
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25.3 若干副词之语义辨析
1) alternately, alternatively
这两个副词容易混淆： alternately 意为“交替＂、＂轮流”，描写两个动作或过程交替更迭或轮流发生.
She wore her
We work our
I studied English
and Chinese novels
alternately. 我研习英国小说和中国小说是交替的。
alternatively 意为”作为一种替代的方法
We can go by train, or alternatively by car.
To spend the summer
If HOWEVER is used, BUT is not needed, or alternatively omit HOWEVER. 如果用了 however，就不必再用 but, 或者作为另一种选择，删去however。
2) altogether, all together
altogether 可作 entirely / completely 解，意为“完全地”
I do not altogether agree with you. 我不完全同意你的意见．
Your point of view is altogether different from mine. 你的观点完全不同于我的观点。
altogether还可表示“总括'、“总而言之”、'总共' :
Altogether, caution and courage are necessary. 总而言之，谨慎和勇气是必不可少的。
Altogether, no country can afford to neglect the education of its young people 总之，任何国家也不能忽视对年轻人的教育。
You will get $500 a week altogether 你每星期总共会得到500 美元。
all together 意为“全部在一起“，这个结构可以视为副词词组，但在特定语境中也可视为名词词组，如以下最后一例所示：
The students we accommodated all together on the campus. 学生们全部安置在校内住宿．
The wedding guests were gathered all together in the garden.
Each organ depends on the other, and all together make up the whole. 器官与器官相互依存，所有器官在一起构成一个机体。
3) always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never
这几个频度副词都可用来回答 How often ... ? 的问题，但表示的频度大小不同 always 表示最大的频度：
She has always
He is not always at home in the evening. 晚上他并不总是在家。
always 稍低一层的频度副词包括 usually, regularly, normally, generally:
I'm not usually so late.
She promised to visit he grandma regularly. 她允诺经常去看望她的祖母。
I normally go to bed at nine. 我通常 时就寝．
We generally go to the seaside for our holidays. 我们通常到海滨度假。
usually 频度更低的副词有 often, frequently:
He often made unwise decisions 他时常作出不明智的决定．
He is frequently in debt. 他时常负债
often 频度更低的副词还有 sometimes, occasionally:
Sometimes we get a lot of rain in June. 有时 月份雨水很多
We usually go to the seaside for our holidays, but occasionally we go to the mountains 我们通常到海滨度假，间或到山里去。
sometimes 所表示的频度更低的副词有 rarely, hardly ever, scarcely ever, seldom 等：
I have rarely seen such a beautiful sunset. 我很少看到这样美丽的晚霞．
I hardly ever see Mr.
Jenny scarcely ever plays tennis now 詹妮现在很少打网球。
She seldom showed her feelings. 她很少流露真情。
表示不确定的频度副词有 never not ... ever:
I never smoke. 我从来不吸烟。
I promise you, ,he won‘t ever trouble you again. 我向你保证，他再也不会打扰你了。
4) apparently, obviously
这两个副词都可作“显然“解，但有时含义不同，用法也不同： apparently 可作 according to,
Apparently the couple are getting divorced, but actually they depend on each other for a living. 这对夫妻看起来像是要离婚了，而实际上他们是相依为生的。
Apparently, she has had enough of the downtown area and is going to move to the countryside.
Two apparently opposing views may sometimes both be correct. 两个表面上相互对立的观点，有时可能都是正确的。
obviously 意为 as can be clearly seen, 含义是“实际情况可能是这样”，常用以强调某种事实。
Obviously, she needs help. 显然，她需要帮助。
He is obviously drunk. 他明显是喝醉了。
He has called several times this morning; obviously, there is something very urgent. 他今天上午打来几次电话，显然是有紧急事情。
但是， apparently 有时可用于 in fact 的含义，便可与 obviously 换用：
Did she really believe this? Apparently/Obviously, she did. 她真的相信这件事吗？显然，她真相信。
I thought they were married, but apparently/obviously not. 我原以为他们已经结婚了，然而实际上并没有。
5) briefly, shortly
这两个副词容易混淆。如briefly 意为“短暂地”、'简短地”，而 shortly 则意为“时间相隔不久”。
The two men had met briefly once before. 以前这两个人曾经短暂地会过面。
They stayed there briefly to do some shopping. 他们在那里短暂停留，买点东西。
She told them briefly what had happened. 她向他们简短通报了发生的事情。
Shortly after the break I was driven back to the hotel. 休息以后不久，便有人开车送我回旅馆。
She died shortly afterwards. 之后不久，她便去世了。
I'll be with you shortly我很快（不久）就会和你在一起了。
6) especially, specially
especially =in particular, 意为“特别是'、“尤其是' ; specially = for a particular purpose,
I lik
alternatively 意为”作为一种替代的方法
We can go by train, or alternatively by car.
To spend the summer
If HOWEVER is used, BUT is not needed, or alternatively omit HOWEVER. 如果用了 however，就不必再用 but, 或者作为另一种选择，删去however。
2) altogether, all together
altogether 可作 entirely / completely 解，意为“完全地”
I do not altogether agree with you. 我不完全同意你的意见．
Your point of view is altogether different from mine. 你的观点完全不同于我的观点。
altogether还可表示“总括'、“总而言之”、'总共' :
Altogether, caution and courage are necessary. 总而言之，谨慎和勇气是必不可少的。
Altogether, no country can afford to neglect the education of its young people 总之，任何国家也不能忽视对年轻人的教育。
You will get $500 a week altogether 你每星期总共会得到500 美元。
all together 意为“全部在一起“，这个结构可以视为副词词组，但在特定语境中也可视为名词词组，如以下最后一例所示：
The students we accommodated all together on the campus. 学生们全部安置在校内住宿．
The wedding guests were gathered all together in the garden.
Each organ depends on the other, and all together make up the whole. 器官与器官相互依存，所有器官在一起构成一个机体。
3) always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never
这几个频度副词都可用来回答 How often ... ? 的问题，但表示的频度大小不同 always 表示最大的频度：
She has always
He is not always at home in the evening. 晚上他并不总是在家。
always 稍低一层的频度副词包括 usually, regularly, normally, generally:
I'm not usually so late.
She promised to visit he grandma regularly. 她允诺经常去看望她的祖母。
I normally go to bed at nine. 我通常 时就寝．
We generally go to the seaside for our holidays. 我们通常到海滨度假。
usually 频度更低的副词有 often, frequently:
He often made unwise decisions 他时常作出不明智的决定．
He is frequently in debt. 他时常负债
often 频度更低的副词还有 sometimes, occasionally:
Sometimes we get a lot of rain in June. 有时 月份雨水很多
We usually go to the seaside for our holidays, but occasionally we go to the mountains 我们通常到海滨度假，间或到山里去。
sometimes 所表示的频度更低的副词有 rarely, hardly ever, scarcely ever, seldom 等：
I have rarely seen such a beautiful sunset. 我很少看到这样美丽的晚霞．
I hardly ever see Mr.
Jenny scarcely ever plays tennis now 詹妮现在很少打网球。
She seldom showed her feelings. 她很少流露真情。
表示不确定的频度副词有 never not ... ever:
I never smoke. 我从来不吸烟。
I promise you, ,he won‘t ever trouble you again. 我向你保证，他再也不会打扰你了。
4) apparently, obviously
这两个副词都可作“显然“解，但有时含义不同，用法也不同： apparently 可作 according to,
Apparently the couple are getting divorced, but actually they depend on each other for a living. 这对夫妻看起来像是要离婚了，而实际上他们是相依为生的。
Apparently, she has had enough of the downtown area and is going to move to the countryside.
Two apparently opposing views may sometimes both be correct. 两个表面上相互对立的观点，有时可能都是正确的。
obviously 意为 as can be clearly seen, 含义是“实际情况可能是这样”，常用以强调某种事实。
Obviously, she needs help. 显然，她需要帮助。
He is obviously drunk. 他明显是喝醉了。
He has called several times this morning; obviously, there is something very urgent. 他今天上午打来几次电话，显然是有紧急事情。
但是， apparently 有时可用于 in fact 的含义，便可与 obviously 换用：
Did she really believe this? Apparently/Obviously, she did. 她真的相信这件事吗？显然，她真相信。
I thought they were married, but apparently/obviously not. 我原以为他们已经结婚了，然而实际上并没有。
5) briefly, shortly
这两个副词容易混淆。如briefly 意为“短暂地”、'简短地”，而 shortly 则意为“时间相隔不久”。
The two men had met briefly once before. 以前这两个人曾经短暂地会过面。
They stayed there briefly to do some shopping. 他们在那里短暂停留，买点东西。
She told them briefly what had happened. 她向他们简短通报了发生的事情。
Shortly after the break I was driven back to the hotel. 休息以后不久，便有人开车送我回旅馆。
She died shortly afterwards. 之后不久，她便去世了。
I'll be with you shortly我很快（不久）就会和你在一起了。
6) especially, specially
especially =in particular, 意为“特别是'、“尤其是' ; specially = for a particular purpose,
I lik