否定结构就是由否定词构成的语法结构 在系统介绍否定结构之前，我们首先要交代一下”肯定词' (assertive
“非肯定词' (non-assertive Word) 和否定词 (negative
新浪博客
否定结构就是由否定词构成的语法结构 在系统介绍否定结构之前，我们首先要交代一下”肯定词' (assertive
“非肯定词' (non-assertive Word) 和否定词 (negative
一般说来，肯定词用于肯定句；否定词用于否定句，而非肯定词则用于否定句以及带有否定意向的疑问句 否定结构除用 not, no 以及 no- 合成词外，还可用“半否定词' (semi-negative) 半否定词包括barely, rarely, hardly, scarcely, seldom 以及带否定含义的限定词／不定代词 few /
We barely had time to catch the train.
The little boy could barely read and speak in English.
I hardly ever go out these days.
In those days I scarcely got any sleep.
Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
Little does he care whether we live or die. 很少在乎我们是生是死。
Hardly anybody believes that, does he?
Few people want to go there,
1) 否宗范围
否定范围 (scope of negation) 指否定意义在句中扩及的范围 一般说来，在否定词之后只要没有肯定词便都在否定范围以内。例如:
Nothing was found in the drawer.
I am not
否定句中的句尾状语（分句）是否在否定范围以内，在书面语中须视状语之前是否有逗号。
I didn't go to the cinema because I had seen the film.
I didn't go to the cinema, because I had seen the film.
但在口语中须视调型而定：
否定范围不仅可以延及句尾状语，有时还可能延及其他限定分句和非限定分句。
Nobody has promised that any of you will be released yet.
That wouldn't deter anyone who had any courage.
I have not any doubt that he will succeed.
I am not certain whether he will come.我不确定他是否会来。
I wouldn't like you to disturb anyone.
I 'don't like any of the songs. (= I like none of the songs.)
I don't like some of the songs. (= There are some songs that I don't like.)
Lydia hasn't
Lydia hasn't
但评注性状语和连接性状语，不论出现在什么位置上，总是在否定范围之外。例如：
We never found out the truth, unfortunately.
She doesn't know him, however.
Oddly enough, he hasn't said anything about it.
George was very good at arithmetic. Yet he was never given full marks.